Gluteal area Flashcards
what type of joint is the hip joint
multiaxial ball and socket type of synovial joint
What bones form the hip joint?
head of femur + acetabulum of pelvic bone
What ligaments make up the hip joint?
transverse acetabular ligament lig of head of femur
round / ronde ligament
Ligaments around the hip joint
Capsule around the joint:
Iliofemoral lig
Pubofemoral lig
Ischiofemoral lig
Ligaments around the hip joint
Capsule around the joint:
Iliofemoral lig
Pubofemoral lig
Ischiofemoral lig
Movements of the hip joint
flexion-extension
abduction- adduction
medial-lateral rotation
circumduction
Muscles of the gluteal area
Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Piriformis Obturator internus Superior and inferior gemelli Quadratus femoris Tensor fascia latae (with leg) Obturator externus (with leg)
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus maximus proximal attachment
Ilium posterior to post gluteal line;
Dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx; Sacrotuberous lig.
Gluteus maximus distal attachment
End of iliotibial tract;
Gluteal tuberosity
Gluteus maximus nerve supply
inferior gluteal
Gluteus maximus action
Extends thigh;
Assists in lat rotation;
Steadies thigh;
Assists in rising from sitting position
Gluteus medius
Gluteus medius proximal attachment
External surface of ilium between ant and post gluteal lines
Gluteus medius distal attachment
Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
gluteus medius nerve supply
Superior gluteal
gluteus medius action
Abduct thigh;
Med rotate thigh;
Keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus minimus proximal attachment
External surface of ilium – between ant and inf gluteal lines
Gluteus minimus distal attachment
Ant surface of greater trochanter of femur
Gluteus minimus nerve supply
superior gluteal
Gluteus minimus action
Abduct thigh;
Med rotate thigh;
Keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing
Piriformis
Piriformis proximal attachment
Ant surface of sacrum;
Sacrotuberous ligament
Piriformis distal attachment
Sup border of greater trochanter
Piriformis nerve supply
anterior rami of S1, 2
Piriformis action
Lateral rotate extended thigh;
Abduct flexed thigh;
Steady femoral head in acetabulum
Obturator internus
Obturator internus proximal attachment
Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
Obturator internus distal attachment
Med surface of greater trochanter of femur
Obturator internus nerve supply
nerve to obturator internus
Obturator internus action
Lateral rotate extended thigh;
Abduct flexed thigh;
Steady femoral head in acetabulum
Gemelli inferior
Gemelli superior
Gemelli superior and inferior proximal attachment
Superior: ischial spine
Inferior: ischial tuberosity
Gemelli superior and inferior distal attachment
Med surface of greater trochanter of femor
Gemelli superior and inferior nerve supply
Superior: n to obturator internus
Inferior: n to quadratus femoris
Gemelli superior and inferior action
Lateral rotate extended thigh;
Abduct flexed thigh;
Steady femoral head in acetabulum
Quadratus femoris
Quadratus femoris proximal attachement
Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Quadratus femoris distal attachement
quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest of femur and inferior to it
Quadratus femoris nerve supply
nerve ti quadratus femoris
Quadratus femoris action
Lateral rotates thigh;
Steadies femoral head in acetabulum
Obturator externus
adductors of thigh
Obturator externus
The two arteries and nerves that lie “next” to the piriformis muscle
Superior gluteal a
Inferior gluteal a
superior gluteal artery supplies:
Gluteus maximus / medius / minimus / tensor fascia latae
Inferior gluteal artery supplies
Gluteus maximus / obturator internus / quadratus femoris / sup parts of hamstrings
The lumbosacral plexus is from:
T12 to S5
Important nerves to the legs of lumbar plexus
Femoral (L4)
obturator (L5)
T12
Iliohypogastric nerve
L1
Ilioinguinal nerve
L2
Genitofemoral nerve
L3
Lateral cutaneous
L4
Femoral nerve
L5
obturator nerve
Lumbar plexus
T12 to L5
Sacral plexus
L4 to C1
Sciatic nerve of the sacral plexus is made up of
common peroneal + tibial nn
Superior gluteal nerve
Sacral plexus
L5
Inferior gluteal nerve
Sacral plexus
S1
Sciatic nerve supplies:
no mm in gluteal area but all mm in post compartment of thigh
Superior gluteal nerve supplies
Gluteus medius/ minimus/ tensor fascia latae
Inferior gluteal nerve supplies
gluteus maximus
