Upper GI tract* Flashcards
Define the process of digestion
process of breaking down macromolecules to allow absorption
Define the process of absorption
process of moving nutrients & water across a membrane
What is the acronym for GI
Dear John Its Lunchtime
Other GI acronym (watch recording)
What are the 4 layers of the gut wall innermost to outermost?
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa
What is in the mucosa layer?
epithelium
lamina propria (loose connective tissue) muscularis mucosae
What is in the submucosa layer?
connective tissue (containing nerve plexus (Meissner’s plexus)
What is in the muscularis layer?
smooth muscle(containing nerve plexus)
What is in the serosa layer?
connective tissue +/- epithelium
What is the largest jaw muscle?
Masseter muscle
What is the masseter muscle responsible for?
Biting
What two enzymes do salivary glands produce?
Lingual lipase
Salivary amylase
What two types of muscles are in the tongue?
Intrinsic muscles
Extrinsic muscles
What type of movement are intrinsic muscles responsible for?
Fine motor control and moving food
What type of movement are extrinsic muscles responsible for?
Gross movement of tongue and assisting mechanical digestion
Describe the epithelium of the oesophagus
Non-keratinising cells to withstand acid reflux
‘Wear and tear’ lining to withstand extremes in temp and texture
Mucus secreting glands for lubrication
The oesophagus is tonically active, what does this mean
Oesophageal sphincters
peristalsis
