Upper Extremity Goniometry Flashcards
Shoulder Flexion
Pt position
Crook-lying position or sitting. Arm at side, palm facing medially. (stabilize scapula)
Shoulder IR
Pt position
Prone or supine. Shoulder at 90 ABDuction, elbow at 90 flexion, & forearm in midposition. TOWEL PLACED UNDER HUMEROUS.
Contraindication: Hx post dislocation of GH joint.
Elevation through Flexion
Pt postion
Crook-lying position or sitting. Arm at side, palm facing medially. (stabilize scapula)
Shoulder Horizontal ADDuction
Pt position
Sitting. Shoulder in 90 of ABDuction and neutral elbow flexed, and elbow is flexed and forearm is in midpoint.
Shoulder Extension
Pt Position
Prone or sitting. Arm at side, palm facing medially.
Shoulder Horizontal ABDuction
Pt position
Sitting. Shoulder in 90 of ABDuction and neutral elbow flexed, and elbow is flexed and forearm is in midpoint.
Shoulder ABDuction
Pt position
(Stabilize scapula)
Supine or sitting. Arm at side in adduction & ER.
Elevation through ABDuction
Pt position
(Stabilize scapula)
Supine or sitting. Arm at side in adduction & ER.
Shoulder IR
Axis of rotation
Placed on olecranon process of ulna.
Shoulder flexion
Axis of rotation
Lateral aspect of center of the humeral head.
Shoulder horizontal ADDuction
Axis of rotation
On top of acromion process.
Elevation through Flexion
Axis of rotation
Lateral aspect of center of the humeral head.
Shoulder Horizontal ABDuction
Axis of rotation
On top of the acromion process.
Shoulder Extension
Axis of rotation
Lateral aspect of center of the humeral head.
Elevation through ABDuction
Axis of rotation
Midpoint of anterior or posterior aspect of GH joint.
Ahoulder ABDuction
Axis of rotation
Midpoint of anterior or posterior aspect of GH joint.
Shoulder Flexion
Stationary arm
Parallel to lateral midline of trunk
Shoulder internal rotation
Stationary arm
Perpendicular to the floor.
Elevation through flexion
Stationary arm
Parallel to lateral midline of trunk.
Shoulder horizontal ADduction
stationary arm
Perpendicular to the trunk
Shoulder extension
Stationary arm
Parallel to lateral midline of trunk.
Shouler Horizontal ABduction
Stationary arm
Perpendicular to the trunk.
Shoulder ABduction
Stationary arm
Parallel to the sternum.
Elevation through ABduction
Stationary arm
Parallel to sternum.
Shoulder flexion
Moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of humerus.
Shoulder internal rotation
Moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of ulna, pointing towards ulnar styloid process.
Elevation through flexion
Moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of humerus.
Shoulder horizontal ADduction
Moving arm
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the humerus.
Shoulder extension
Moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of humerus, pointing toward lateral epicondyle.
Shoulder horizontal ABduction
Moving arm
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the humerus.
Shoulder ABduction
Moving arm
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the humerus.
Elevation through ABduction
Moving arm
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the humerus.
Shoulder flexion
ROM
120
Shoulder internal rotation
ROM
70
Elevation though flexion
ROM
180
Shoulder horizontal ADduction
ROM
135
Shoulder extension
ROM
60
Shoulder horizontal ABduction
ROM
45
Shoulder ABduction
ROM
90-120
Elevation through ABduction
ROM
180
Shoulder external rotation
pt position
Supine. CONTRAINDICATION: Hx ant dislocation of GH jt.
Finger MCP flexion
pt position
Sitting, forearm is resting on table, elbow flexed, wrist slightly extended, MCP jt of finger being measured is in 0 extension.
Elbow flexion
pt position
Supine or sitting. Arm is in anatomical position with elbow in extension. Towel under distal humerus.
Wrist radial deviation
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed, forearm resting on table in pronation, wrist in neutral, hand over end of table.
Elbow extension
pt position
Supine or sitting. Arm is in anatomical piston with elbow in extension. Towel under distal humerus.
Wrist ulnar deviation
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed, forearm resting on table in pronation, wrist in neutral, hand over end of table.
Forearm supination
pt position
Sitting. Arm at side, elbow flexed to 90 with forearm in mid position. Hold pencil.
Wrist extension
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed, forearm resting on table in pronation, wrist in neutral, hand over end of table.
Forearm pronation
pt position
Sitting. Arm at side, elbow flexed to 90 with forearm in mid position. Hold pencil.
Wrist flexion
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed, forearm resting on table in pronation, wrist in neutral, hand over end of table.
Shoulder external rotation
axis of rotation
Placed on olecranon process of ulna.
Finger MCP
axis of rotation
Posterior aspect of MCP joint being measured.
Elbow flexion
axis of rotation
Lateral epicondyle of humerus.
Wrist radial deviation
axis of rotation
Posterior aspect of wrist joint over capitiate.
Elbow extension
axis of rotation
Lateral epdicondyle of humerus.
Wrist ulnar deviation
axis of rotation
Posterior aspect of wrist joint over capitiate.
Forearm supination
axis of rotation
Placed over the head of the third metacarpal.
Wrist extension
axis of rotation
Over ulnar styloid process.
Forearm pronation
axis of rotation
Placed over the head of the third metacarpal.
Wrist flexion
axis of rotation
Over ulnar styloid process.
Shoulder external rotation
stationary arm
Perpendicular to the floor.
Finger MCP flexion
stationary arm
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of shaft of metacarpal.
Elbow flexion
stationary arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of humerus, pointing towards acromion process.
Wrist radial deviation
stationary arm
Midline of forearm.
Elbow extension
stationary arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of humerus, pinging towards acromion process.
Wrist ulnar deviation
stationary arm
Midline of forearm.
Forearm supination
stationary arm
Perpendicular to the floor.
Wrist extension
stationary arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of ulna.
Forearm pronation
stationary arm
Perpendicular to the floor.
Wrist flexion
stationary arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of ulna.
Shoulder external rotation
moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of ulna, pointing towards ulnar styloid process.
Finger MCP flexion
moving arm
parallel to longitudinal axis of proximal phalanx.
Elbow Flexion
moving arm
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of radius, pointing towards styloid process of radius.
Wrist radial deviation
moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of shaft of 3rd metacarpal.
Elbow extension
moving arm
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of radius, pointing towards styloid process of radius.
Wrist ulnar deviation
moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of shaft of 3rd metacarpal.
Forearm supination
moving arm
Parallel to the pencil.
Wrist extension
moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of 5th metacarpal.
Forearm pronation
moving arm
Parallel to the pencil.
Wrist flexion
moving arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of 5th metacarpal.
Shoulder external rotation
ROM
90
Finger MCP flexion
ROM
90
Elbow flexion
ROM
150
Wrist radial deviation
ROM
20
Elbow extension
ROM
0 (up to 15 hyperextension possible)
Wrist ulnar deviation
ROM
30
Forearm supination
ROM
80-90
Wrist extension
ROM
70
Forearm pronation
ROM
80-90
Wrist flexion
ROM
80
Finger MCP extension
pt position
Sitting, forearm is resting on table, elbow flexed, wrist slightly extended, MCP jt of finger being measured measured is in 0 extension.
Thumb MCP & IP extension
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed, forearm resting on table in midposition. Wrist & fingers in anatomical position. MCP & IP jt extended.
Finger IP flexion
pt position
Sitting, forearm resting on table in midposition or pronation. Wrist & fingers in anatomical position.
Thumb MCP & IP flexion
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed, forearm resting on table in midposition. Wrist & fingers in anatomical position. MCP & IP jt extended.
Finger IP extension
pt position
Sitting, forearm resting on table in midposition or pronation. Wrist & fingers in anatomical position.
Thumb CM ABduction
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed with forearm in mid position & resting on table. Fingers anatomical position, thumb maintains contact with metacarpal & pros phalanx.
Thumb CM Flexion
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed with forearm in mid position & resting on table. Slight ulnar deviation, fingers anatomical position, thumb maintains contact with metacarpal & prox phalanx.
Thumb CM extension
pt position
Sitting, elbow flexed with forearm in mid position & resting on table. Slight ulnar deviation, fingers anatomical position, thumb maintains contact with metacarpal & prox phalanx.
Finger MCP extension
axis of rotation
Anterior surface of MCP joint being measured.
Thumb MCP & IP extension
axis of rotation
Posterior or lateral aspect of MCP jt or IP jt.
Finger IP flexion
axis of rotation
Posterior surface of PIP or DIP jt being measured.
Thumb MCP & IP flexion
axis of rotation
Posterior or lateral aspect of MCP jt or IP jt.
Finger IP extension
axis of rotation
Anterior surface of PIP or DIP jt being measured.
Thumb CM ABduction
axis of rotation
Junction of the bases of 1st & 2nd metacarpals.
Thumb CM flexion
axis of rotation
placed over CM joint
Thumb CM extension
axis of rotation
Placed over CM joint
Finger MCP extension
stationary arm
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of shaft of metacarpal.
Thumb MCP & IP extension
stationary arm
MCP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of shaft of thumb metacarpal. IP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of proximal phalanx.
Finger IP flexion
stationary arm
PIP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of proximal phalanx. DIP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of middle phalanx.
Thumb MCP & IP flexion
stationary arm
MCP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of shaft of thumb metacarpal. IP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of proximal phalanx.
Finger IP extension
stationary arm
PIP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of proximal phalanx. DIP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of middle phalanx.
Thumb CM ABduction
stationary arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of 2nd metacarpal.
Thumb CM flexion
stationary arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of radius.
Thumb CM extension
stationary arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of radius.
Finger MCP Extension movement arm
Parallel to long axis of proximal phalanx
Thumb MCP & IP Extension movement arm
MCP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of proximal phalanx. IP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of distal phalanx
Finger IP Flexion movement arm
PIP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of middle phalanx. DIP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of distal phalanx
Thumb MCP & IP Flexion movement arm
MCP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of proximal phalanx. IP jt: parallel to longitudinal axis of distal phalanx.
Finger IP Extension movement arm
PIP jt: parallel to long axis of middle phalanx. DIP jt: parallel to long axis of distal phalanx
Thumb CM Flexion movement arm
Parallel to long axis of thumb metacarpal. Note: goni arms are not aligned at 0 so this position is recorded as 0. (opposition: thumb to pinky)
Thumb CM Extension movement arm
Parallel to long axis of thumb metacarpal. Note: goni arms are not aligned at 0 so this position is recorded as 0
Thumb CM ABduction movement arm
Parallel to longitudinal axis of 1st metacarpal. NOTE: toni arms are not aligned at 0 so this position is recorded as 0
Finger MCP Extension average ROM
45
Thumb MCP & IP Extension average ROM
MCP: 0
IP: hypertext 10-30
Finger IP Flexion average ROM
PIP: 100
DIP: 90
Thumb MCP & IP Flexion average ROM
MCP: 50
IP: 80
Finger IP Extension ROM
0
Thumb CM ABduction average ROM
70-80
Thumb CM Flexion ROM
15
Thumb CM Extension ROM
20
Cervical Flexion pt. position
sitting, head in neutral position
Trunk lateral flexion pt. position
standing
Cervical extension pt. position
sitting, head in neutral position
Cervical rotation pt. position
sitting, head in neutral position
Cervical lateral flexion
sitting, head in neutral position
Cervical flexion axis of rotation
over lobe of the ear
Trunk lateral flexion axis of rotation
In the midline at the level of the PSIS
Cervical Extension axis of rotation
Over lobe of the ear
Cervical rotation axis of rotation
Over the midpoint of the top of the head
Cervical lateral flexion axis of rotation
Over C7 spinous process
Cervical flexion stationary arm
perpendicular to the floor
Trunk lateral flexion stationary arm
perpendicular to the floor
Cervical Extension stationary arm
perpendicular to the floor
Cervical rotation stationary arm
parallel to a line joining the 2 acromion processes
Cervical lateral flexion stationary arm
Along the spine & perpendicular to the floor
Cervical flexion movement arm
parallel to base of the nares
Trunk lateral flexion movement arm
points towards the spine of the C7
Cervical extension movement arm
parallel to the base of the nares
Cervical rotation movement arm
aligned with the nose. Starting position will indicate 90, this is 0
cervical lateral flexion movement arm
Points towards the midpoint of the head. Goni will indicate 0 in the start position
Cervical flexion ROM
45
Trunk lateral flexion ROM
compare bilaterally
Cervical extension ROM
45
Cervical Rotation ROM
comare bilaterally
Cervical lateral flexion ROM
45