Examination and assessment Flashcards
Etiology
cause of injury or disease
mechanism
mechanical description of cause
Pathology
Structural and functional changes associated with injury process
Symptoms
perceptible changes in body or function that indicate injury or illness (subjective)
Sign
objective, definitive and obvious indicator for specific condition
Degree
grading for injury/condition
Diagnosis
denotes name of specific condition
prognosis
prediction of the course of the condition
Sequela
condition following and resulting from disease or injury (pneumonia resulting from the flu)
Syndrom
Group of symptoms and signs that together indicate a particular injury or disease (patellar femoral pain syndrome, concussion)
Differential Diagnosis
Systematic method of diagnosing a disorder.
- refers to a list of possible causes/patholgoies
- prioritizing of possibilities
- also referred to as hypothesis, or working diagnosis
- utilize skill to make decision
HOPS
History
Observation
Palpation
stress/special tests
T/F
Perform systematically, begin away from the injured site.
True
T/F
With special tests, lesion in contractile tissue will not result in pain with motion. (pain with active motion in one direction and with passive motion in opposite direction).
False
will result in pain
T/F
With special tests, lesion in inert tissue will elicit pain on active and passive motion in the same direction
True
What does “testing Accessory motion” mean?
Joint play
PROM endpoints Normal
soft tissue approximation
soft, spongy, painless
PROM endpoints Normal
capsular feel
abrupt, hard and firm
PROM endpoints Normal
bone to bone
distinct abrupt stop
PROM endpoints Normal
soft tissue stretch (muscular)
springy
PROM abnormal endpoint
empty
movement beyond anatomical limits with pain
PROM abnormal endpoint
spasm
involuntary muscle guarding
PROM abnormal endpoint
loose
occurs in extreme hypermobility
PROM abnormal endpoint
springy block
rebound at endpoint
PROM abnormal endpoint
“normal”
normal endpoints can also be abnormal if they are in joints where they are no expected.
What does RROM evaluate?
Status of contractile tissue
Cyriax is the grading scale
What is the purpose of MMT?
Used to determine extent of injury to contractile tissue. It is an isometric strength test of a single muscle or group performed in the mid range of motion
What is the classification system for MMTing?
6 pint scale
from 0-5, five being normal
What is anthropometric measurement?
Science of measuring the body. (height, weight, skin fold, craniometry, osteometry, etc.)
Volumetric measurements
used to determine limb volume swelling. Measured water is displaced from the tank the limb is immersed in.
What is functional testing?
Used to determine athletes readiness to participate or continue participation. Also used to determine progress during rehab.
What does smart stand for?
S - specific M - measurable A - attainable R - relevant T - time bound
What does HOPS stand for?
History
Observation
Palpation
Special tests/stress
