Upper Extremity Fractures Flashcards
Clavicle
Where does it typically fracture?
Mechanism?
Specific signs on clinical presentation?
Fractures at weakest point middle 3rd clavicle
FOOSH, direct trauma, Falling on shoulder
Tenting, sagging shoulder, limited ROM
How do humeral fractures seem to occur?
What should you be worried about with a proximal humeral, shaft humeral, distal humeral fracture?
FOOSH, MCV
Proximal ~ auxiliary n. (Palsy), a vascular necrosis
Shaft ~ radial n (palsy ~ wrist drop & sensation), compartment syndrome
Distal ~ intercondyle ~ ulnar n., supracondylar ~ median n. & brachial a.
Distal radius
How does this occur, what are the 2 types?
Common presentation?
When important consider surgery
When you FOOSH, collies ~ extension fracture or smith ~ flexion fracture
Dinner fork deformity
Consider surgery if comminuted, angulated, radial shortening
Scaphoid
How?
Presentation?
Complications?
Tx
FOOSH ~ Colles fracture
pain in anatomical snuff box, pain resisted pronation, pain with axial loading
Avascular necrosis of the proximal head bc blood supply being cut off
Thumb Spica splint
Boxer’s Fracture
How
Type of fracture
Treatment
Fracture 5th metacarpal bc blow to dorsa surface with closed hand
Get some level angulation of the fracture
Tx: ulnar gutter splint
What type of deformity can occur if you fracture the proximal & middle phalanx?
Scissoring deformity
Rotator cuff injuries
Muscles?
Types of action that would hurt
How does it occur
SITS: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
Abduction, external rotation
Occurs: repetitive overhead horizontal motion OR sudden abduction with external rotation
Shoulder dislocation
3 types: anterior, inferior, posterior, ant is most common
Ant - abduction, extension, external rotation (FOOSH), comes along with fracture of the greater tubercle
- see am empty glenoid fossa, the humerus head would be below coracoid
Post ~ fracture of the lesser tubercle
Inferior ~ rare, occurs with hyperabduction
