Upper Extremity Flashcards
Triceps brachii
O:Long head- Infraglenoid tubercle on scapula
Lateral head- Posterior surface of the humerus superior to the radial groove
Medial head- Posterior surface of the humerus inferior to the radial groove
Ins: Medial and lateral heads of olecranon process on the ulna
-common tendon insertion
Inv: Radial nerve
Func: Extension of forearm and at glenohumeral joint (arm)
long head: Accessory adductor
Rhomboid Major
O: Spinous Process of T2-T5 and intervening supraspinous ligaments
I: Posterior surface of medial border of scapula from root of spine of the scapula to the inferior angle
Inv: Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Funct: -Elevates and retracts scapula
-Downward rotation of scapula
Teres Minor
O: Lateral border of the scapula (upper 2/3 of a flattened strip of bone)
Ins: Interior facet on greater tubercle of humerus
Inv: Axillary nerve
Func: Lateral rotation of the arm
Subclavius
O: First rib at junction of rib and costal cartilage
Ins: Groove of inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
Inv: Nerve to subclavius
Funct: -Pulls tip of shoulder down
-pulls clavicle medially
Infraspinatus
O: Medial 2/3 of the infraspinous fossa
Ins: Middle facet on greater tubercle of humerus
Inv: Suprascapular nerve
Funct: Lateral rotation of the arm
Biceps
O: Short head- coracoid process
Long head- supraglenoid tubercle
I: Radial tuberosity
forearm aponeurosis
Inv: Musculocutaneous
Funct: -Supinates forearm
- flexes supinated forearm
- flexes arm
Levator Scapula
O: -Transverse process of C1+C2
-posterior tubercles of transverse process of C3-C4
Ins: Posterior surface of medial border of scapula from superior angle to root of of spine of scapula
Inv: Dorsal Scapular nerve
Funct: Elevates Scapula
Rhomboid Minor
O: lower end of ligamentum nuchae
Spinous process of C7 + T1
Ins: Posterior surface of medial border of scapula at the root of the spine of the scapula
Inv: Dorsal scapular nerve
Func: -Elevates and retracts scapula
-Downward rotation of scapula
Subscapularis
O: Medial 2/3 of subscapular fossa
Ins: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Inv: Upper and lower subscapular nerves
Funct: -Medial rotation of the arm
-Arm adduction
Teres Major
O: Inferior angle of the scapula
Ins: Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus on anterior side of humerus
Inv: Inferior subscupular
Funct: Medial rotation and extension of the arm
Latissimus Dorsi
O: Spinous process of lower six thoracic vertebrae
Thoracolumbar fascia to the spinous process of the lumbar vertebrae
Iliac crest
Lower 4 ribs
Ins: Floor of intertubercular sulcus
Inv: Thoracodorsal nerve
Function: Adduction, Extension, Medial rotation of the arm
Pectoralis Major
O: Clavicular head- anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternal head- Anterior surface of sternum
Ins: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Inv: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Funct: Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of arm
clavicular head: flexion of extended arm
Trapezius
O: Upper Trap: Superior nuchal line, occipital protuberance
Middle Trap: medial margin of ligamentum nuchae
Lower Trap: spinous process of C7-T12
I: Upper Trap: superior edge of crest of spine of scapula
Middle Trap: acromion
Lower Trap: posterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Inv: Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve)
Funct: Descending fibers (Upper fibers) Elevates and rotates scapula
Middle fibers retract scapula
Lowers fibers depress scapula
Pectoralis Minor
O: Anterior surface of superior borders of ribs 3-5
Ins: Corocoid process of scapula
Inv: Medial pectoral nerve
Funct: -Pulls top of shoulder down
-protracts scapula
Supraspinatus
O: Medial 2/3 of Supraspinous fossa
Ins: Superior facet on greater tubercle of humerus
Inv: Suprascapular nerve
Funct: Abduction
