Upper Extremity Flashcards
what is the weak site in the GH capsule that is usually torn in anterior GH dislocation
Weitbrecht’s foramen
which tests used to assess inferior instability of the AC joint
shear test
scapular retraction test is used to identify what
role of scapular dysfunctional pathology
drop arm test assess what
rotator cuff
SITS
poorest bony stability of any major joint
SC joint
angle of inclination, the relationship between the humerus and humeral head in the frontal plane, should normally be
130-150 degrees
tests to identify biceps brachaii tendinitis
Speed’s test
what muscle inersts on coracoid process
pectoralis minor
what is the pain during the follow-through phase of pitching most commonly associated with
rotator cuff
what motion occurs during the Apley scratch test
GH adduction
H. adduction
internal rotation
given the specificity of the external rotation lag sign, this special test is useful for
ruling IN supraspinatus/infraspinatus pathology
what directional force can cause secondary injury to the SC joint and affect other organs
posterior
Bankart lesion can be formed by which ligament pull away from labrum
inferior GH ligament
starting position of the empty can test
GH abducted to 90 degrees in the scapular plane with humerus internally rotated
weakness of what muscle causes scapular winging
serratus anterior
what structures is stressed when gliding the distal clavicle inferior to AC joint
superior fibers of the AC ligament
the superior angle of the scapular should sit at what spinous level
T3
most common site for clavicle fractures
junction of convex and concave curvature of the clavicle
what direction of force is applied during a anterior slide test
anterior and superior
severe winging of the scapular can occur from injury to what nerve
long thoracic
separated shoulder is common name for what injury
AC sprain
tears most commonly occur in which rotator cuff muscle
supraspinatus
the liklihood ratios of the apprehension test are useful for
ruling IN shoulder instability
what 2 tests can be used to evaluate posterior GH instability
Jerk test
posterior apprehension test
anterior subluxation and dislocation at shoulder typically occur when the arm is forced into what positions
abduction and lateral rotation
tests used to identify TOS
Allen test
Adson’s test
military brace test
the upper extremity’s only attachment side to the axial skeleton is
SC joint
the ration that exists between GH elevation and upward scapular rotation
2:1
what joints allow pronation to occur
humeroradial
proximal radioulnar
distal radioulnar
what is indicated by a hard end-feel with passive elbow flexion
loose body in the joint
what muscle is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve
biceps brachaii
which nerve is compressed with pronator teres syndrome
anterior interosseous
condition marked by increased levels of uric acid in the blood and can lead to arthritis affecting the great toe and foot
gout
what is the most stabilizing structure of the lateral aspect of the elbow
lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL)
a patient with an acutely injured elbow will frequently assume an elbow resting position of what degree of flexion to minimize forces on the joint
70 degrees of flexion
what is the most important history finding regarding elbow trauma
onset and location of symptoms
what nerve innervates the flexi carpi ulnaris muscle and the medial portion of the flexor digitorum profundus in the forearm
ulnar nerve
what elbow ligament is divisible into 3 sections
ulnar collateral ligament (UCL)
the radioulnar joints are what type of joints
syndesmotic
male patients over what age commonly have a biceps tendon rupture
40 yo
what bundles of the UCL is the primary restraint against valgus force when the elbow is flexed beyond 60 degrees
posterior portion
normal carrying angle for women of cubitus valgus
13-16 degrees
what muscles influences pronation and supination of the elbow
biceps brachaii
brachioradialis
anconeus
what muscle group does the palmaris longus belong to
wrist flexor
what elbow angle represents the correct position when performing the varus stress test
25 degrees
what forms the lateral humeral articulating surface on the distal border of the lateral epicondyle
capitellum
what nerve enters the elbow at the arcade of Struthers
ulnar
what joint play assessment is performed with the patient supine while placing the elbow in 70 degrees flexion and 10 degrees supination
humeroulnar
what wrist pathology is commonly associated with clicking on the ulnar side of the wrist
TFCC tear
what ligament is most important in controlling motion and wrist stability
palmar radiocarpal
manual muscle testing finger abduction will examine motor function for which peripheral nerve
ulnar nerve
dermatomal distribution to the thumb, index, and half of the middle finger and hand area is distributed by which neurological level
C6
a reverse Phalen’s test is used to assess which nerve
median
trauma or pathology to which nerve results in a drop-wrist deformity
radial nerve
a boxer’s fracture affects which metacarpal neck
5th
ulnar nerve palsy is usually associated with prolonged pressure to the thenar eminence in what common activity
cycling
which nerve travels through the tunnel of Guyon
ulnar nerve
what nonarticular fracture of the radius occuring approx 1.5 inches proximal to the radiocarpal joint, causing the distal radius to be displaced dorsally
Colles’ fracture
a ball that inadvertently strikes the tip of an extended finger can cause what injury
mallet injury
what passes through the carpal tunnel
median nerve
flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum profundus tendons
the circulatory integrity of the hand is examined using which test
Allen test
radial fracture displaced palmarly
Smith’s fracture
upon suffering a scapholunate dislocation, what ROM is painful
flexion and extension
the extensor pollicis brevis is what muscle of the wrist
extrinsic
intrinsic muscles of the hand
flexor digit minimi
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
what nerve travels through the carpal tunnel
median
what carpal bone is palpable as the floor of the anatomical snuffbox
scaphoid
in the wrist, which joint mobility test examines general joint mobility
distraction
true facts of the scaphoid fracture
-most commonly fractured carpal
-common in ages between 15-30
-high incidence in nonunion fracture
most common dislocated carpal
lunate
small cuts or abrasions over the dorsal surface of the MCP or IP joints
Russell’s sign
what digit is not commonly sprained
3rd
upon suffering a perilunate or lunate dislocation, AROM is painful in which motion
extension
what special test indicates a scapholunate ligament injury
Watson
what pulleys are located on the distal aspect of the MCP and the most proximal member of the pulley system
palmar aponeurosis
a trigger finger is a condition associtated with tenosynovitis of the flexor tendons resulting from repetitive trauma, related to what occurence
stenosis
what is an infection around the periphery of the fingernail that results in redness and swelling
paronychia
