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KNAT 502 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

what pulses are to be palpated after an acute traumatic injury to the knee

A

posterior tibial
dorsalis pedis

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2
Q

action of the rectus femoris

A

flexes the hip
extends the knee

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3
Q

if a palpable clunk or shift occurs approx 20-30 degrees of knee flexion during a pivot-shit test this may indicative of what

A

anterolateral rotary instability of the knee

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4
Q

positive Thompson test is indicative of

A

ruptured Achilles tendon

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5
Q

what muscle flexes both the foot and the knee

A

gastrocnemius

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6
Q

which muscles invert the ankle

A

tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus

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7
Q

a bball player reports with burning pain along the lateral aspect of his right knee during and after running, no edema or bruising is found but is tender. what special test may be positive

A

ober’s test

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8
Q

a lacrosse player comes limping in with assistance, holding his right leg in slight hip and knee flexion with a large bulge in the proximal thigh; only able to partially straighten the leg and pain on the anterior thigh, what is it

A

ruptured rectus femoris muscle

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9
Q

what test is used to detect a possible meniscal tear

A

McMurrays

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10
Q

what type of force typically causes injury to the MCL, medial meniscus and ACL

A

valugs force with tibia in external rotation

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11
Q

what is the recommended position for manually muscle testing the glute med

A

side-lying with affected limb on top

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12
Q

proper method to test the biceps femoris

A

lying prone, resisting knee flexion with tibia in external rotation

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13
Q

structures of the pelvis

A

coccyx
pubic symphysis
innominate bones
sacrum

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14
Q

what is a sign for DVT after a traumatic injury

A

Homan’s sign

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15
Q

tennis player with medial thigh pain, limping and pain with resisted pain adduction and hip flexion, diffuse tenderness and bruising along proximal medial thigh

A

groin strain

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16
Q

of the calcaneofibular ligament is torn, what test would be positive

A

anterior drawer sign

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17
Q

what is the best position to test the piriformis

A

side-lying

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18
Q

true leg length discreptancy is measured between what 2 points

A

ASIS to medial malleolus

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19
Q

grade 1 ankle inversion sprain involves what structure

A

anterior talofibular ligament

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20
Q

how is the strength of the pes anserine muscles manually muscle tested

A

resistance to knee flexion and hip adduction

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21
Q

a 2nd degree MCL sprain is characterized by

A

-pain along medial joint line
-nor gross knee instability, mild laxity in full knee extension during valgus testing
-difficulty actively flexing and extending the knee

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22
Q

Trendelenburg’s test evaluates what structure

A

hip abductors

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23
Q

what muscles internally rotate the hip

A

adductor magnus
gracilis
TFL
glute min

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24
Q

what test is used to test the integrity of the LCL of the knee

A

varus stress

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25
Q

what test would be positive for a torn PCL

A

sag sign
posterior drawer

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26
Q

foot drop is indicative of

A

peroneal nerve injury

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27
Q

signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome

A

-paresthesia in the web space between 1st and 2nd toes
-absent or diminished dorsalis pedis pulse
-decreased strength in digit extension
-decreased dorsiflexion

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28
Q

what produces the windlass effect

A

extension of the toes causes the calcaneus to come forward

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29
Q

high-riding patella which appears to be a camels hump

A

patella alta

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30
Q

what would a positive hip scouring test be indicative of

A

acetabular labral tear
osteochondral defect

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31
Q

how to measure Q angle

A

-proximal arm on the ASIS
-midpoint on patella
-distal arm on tibial tuberosity

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32
Q

what vascular structure is behind the medial malleolus

A

posterior tibial atery

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33
Q

a quantative measure of what motion is to be calculated with a navicular drop test

A

pronation

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34
Q

true facts about MCL

A

-2 layers
-attaches to medial malleolus
-reinforces and thickens joint capsule

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35
Q

what structure stabilizes the pelvic girdle

A

scarum

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36
Q

what test is appropriate to assess tightness of the rectus femoris

A

thomas and ely test

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37
Q

what tarsal bone is the keystone bone and makes up the medial longitudinal arch

A

navicular

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38
Q

the relationship between the femoral head and femoral shaft in the transverse plane is known as

A

angle of torsion

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39
Q

walking on the heel to avoid push-off may be indicative of what

A

metatarsal injury
plantar fascitis
great toe pathology

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40
Q

angle of torsion greater than 20 degrees

A

anteverted

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41
Q

ankle must be in what position to palpate the dome of the talus

A

plantar flexion

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42
Q

decrease angle of inclination may lead to observation of what pathology of the knee

A

squinting patella

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43
Q

edema following a lateral ankle sprain tends to pool where

A

sinus tarsi

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44
Q

which deformity is the 1st metatarsal being shorter than the 2nd

A

morton’s toe

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45
Q

the pelvis is formed by 3 pairs of fused bones and joined anteriorly by which

A

pubic symphysis

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46
Q

the best diagnostic accuracy with a high rate include

A

true positive
true negative

47
Q

in the presence of an ACL rupture, the recommendation is often surgery, what are long-term consequences of an ACL deficient knee

A

knee instability
osteoarthritis
meniscal degeneration

48
Q

at what point does the AT initial evaluation of an injury begin

A

the moment the injury is witnessed

49
Q

name the carpal bones

A

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform
hamate
capitate
trapezoid
trapezium

50
Q

borders of the cubital fossa and its contents

A

-elbow joint line
-brachioradialis
-pronator teres

-includes brachial artery, radial artery, median nerve

51
Q

which bone is fractured in a boxer’s fracture

A

5th metacarpal

52
Q

to test the function of the rhomboid major, what movement is instructred

A

scapular retraction

53
Q

biceps brachaii tendon reflex correlates to what spinal level

A

C5

54
Q

what does scapular winging indicate

A

weak serratus anterior muscle

55
Q

what infection surrounds the periphery of the fingernail and results in redness and swelling

A

paronychia

56
Q

what carpal bone is palpable as the floor of the anatomical snuff box

A

scaphoid

57
Q

what 2 structures are injured with a Bankart lesion

A

anterior capsule
glenoid labrum

58
Q

during an elbow eval, athlete points to the lateral aspect of his elbow and reports feeling pain, what conditions should be considered

A

-radiocapitellar chondromalacia
-avulsion of common extensor tendon
-annular ligament sprain

59
Q

it is suspected that a 25 yo male has a labral tear of the shoulder, what diagnostic testing (imaging) should be performed

A

MRI
ultrasound
x-rays

60
Q

Allen’s test assess what

A

integrity of radial and ulnar arteries of the hand

61
Q

you evaluate a bball player with a finger injury, they are unable to extend the distal phalanx and the tip of his finger, and is poisitoned in 30 degrees of flexion and determine it is mallet finger, what causes mallet finger

A

avulsion of the extensor tendon from its insertion

62
Q

what structure is located medial to the biceps tendon at the elbow

A

ulnar nerve

63
Q

what is the typical MOI for anterior shoulder dislocation

A

shoulder abduction with external rotation

64
Q

inflammatory process signs and symtpoms

A

redness
pain
warmth
swelling

65
Q

if there is inflammation of the medial epicondyle of the elbow, what test would be positive

A

Golfer’s elbow test

66
Q

what is included in the pivot shift test of the elbow

A

axial load
valgus force
supination

67
Q

what condition contributes to shoulder impingement

A

GH instability

68
Q

a positive Phalen’s test

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

69
Q

what is a saddle joint with 2 degrees of freedon

A

1st carpometacarpal joint

70
Q

what ligaments are on the lateral aspect of the elbow

A

annular ligament
accessory collateral
RCL
LUCL

71
Q

which ligament is the roof of the carpal tunnel

A

transverse carpal

72
Q

during a wrist eval, the AT completes the Tinel test and athlete complains of tingling in the area, what should the AT doe

A

assess the integrity of the median nerve at the elbow, shoulder, and neck

73
Q

possible factors as to why someone may be prone to injury

A

problems at home
joint hypermobility
poor endurance
poor coordination

74
Q

what imaging needs to be done for a fractured right humerus

A

x-rays

75
Q

signs of an injury

A

-change in skin color or texture
-change in body temp
-change in BP
-change in respiratory rate

76
Q

during exam of a young pitcher, you have the athlete make a fist and extend the wrist against resistance while stabilizing the forearm, if you elicit pain at the lateral epicondyle what condition may you suspect

A

lateral epicondylitis

77
Q

a QB is sacked and is holding his throwing arm and complains of chest and shoulder pain, after eval you suspect a torn pec muscle, what would be seen if it is a torn pec

A

weak adduction, flexion, and IR of the arm

78
Q

unable to abduct through full ROM against gravity during a manual muscle test what grade would be assigned

A

-3/5

79
Q

a positive clunk test is indicative of

A

glenoid labrum tear

80
Q

a wrestler has a major elbow injury with intense pain and grossly swollen, unable to straighten the elbow and forearm appears shortened, you suspect a dislocation, where should you check for vascular impairment

A

brachial and radial pulses

81
Q

a baseball player has diffuse pain, clicking, and sensation of slipping of his right shoulder during throwing, what might you suspect

A

labral pathology

82
Q

what is a simple movement to check integrity of the radial nerve

A

wrist extension

83
Q

after an acute musculoskeletal injury, like shoulder dislocation, the body releases a natural opiate-like substance called

A

endorphins

84
Q

what angle is formed by the long axis of the humerus and ulna

A

carrying angle

85
Q

during the exam a patient complains of weakness using the row machine and their lats appear atrophies, what nerve is affected

A

thoracodorsal

86
Q

what is it called when the alignment of the forearm and humerus fully extends beyond 0 degrees

A

cubital recurvatum

87
Q

what carpal bone is most commonly dislocated

A

lunate

88
Q

what carpal bone is most commonly fractures

A

scaphoid

89
Q

athlete complains of collection of thick fluid within a tendinous sheath of her wrist extensor tendons, what is the most appropriate advice to give

A

tape to limit wrist flexion and avoid repetitive flexion exercises

90
Q

what muscles adduct the shoulder

A

pec major
teres major
subscapularis
lats

91
Q

what muscle supinates the forearm and flexes the shoulder

A

biceps brachaii

92
Q

Speed’s test is indicative of

A

bicepital tendinitis

93
Q

with the patient sitting, the scapula is stabilized, and the shoulder is maximally flexes, the PT complains and appears apprehensive, this is what test

A

Neer’s

94
Q

what does a positive drop arm sign indicate

A

torn rotator cuff muscle

95
Q

what are the tarsal bones

A

calcaneus
talus
navicular
cuboid
3 cuneiforms

96
Q

4 compartments of the leg

A

anterior
lateral
deep posterior
superficial posterior

97
Q

Ottawa ankle rules

A

-patient unable to walk 4 steps immediately after injury and time of exam
-pain during palpation of lateral malleolus or medial malleolus
-pain during palpation of base of 5th or navicular

98
Q

coxa vara of hip

A

angle of inclination less than 120 degrees
-leg would be shorter

99
Q

coxa valga of the hip

A

angle of inclination greater than 135 degrees
-leg would be larger

100
Q

anteversion angle of torsion

A

greater than 15 degrees
-squinting patella
-toe-in gait

101
Q

retroversion angle of torsion

A

less than 8 degrees
-frog-eye patella
-toe-out gait

102
Q

pes anerine muscle group

A

gracilus
sartorius
semitendinosus

103
Q

ottawa knee rules

A

-over 55 yo
-tenderness over fibular head
-palpable, isolated tenderness of the patella
-unable to flex the knee 90 degrees
-unable to bear weight for 4 steps immediately after and/or during exam

104
Q

genu valgum of the knee

A

knock knees

105
Q

genus varum

A

bowlegged

106
Q

what is golfer’s elbow

A

medial epicondylitis

107
Q

what is tennis elbow

A

lateral epicondylitis

108
Q

cubitus varus

A

arm is straighented next to the body

109
Q

cubitus valgus

A

elbow is bent away from the body

110
Q

Colles’ fracture

A

posterior/dorsal displacement of the distal radius
-MOI: FOOSH

111
Q

Smith’s fracture

A

anterior/volar displacement of the distal radius
-MOI: falling on the back of the hand

112
Q

carpal tunnel floor, roof, and contents

A

-floor: carpal bones
-roof: transverse carpal ligament
-contents: 8 flexor tendons, synovial sheaths, median nerve

113
Q
A

KNAT 502 (3 decks)

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