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Muscle tests > Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Middle trap attachments

A

C7-T5
Spine of scapula

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2
Q

Middle trap action

A

Retraction of scapula

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3
Q

Middle trap test

A

Humerus abducted to 90
Place hand under forearm superior to wrist
Resist downward motion
Opposite for prone

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4
Q

Lower trap attachment

A

T5-T12
Root of spine of scapula

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5
Q

Lower trap action

A

Depression and rotation of scapula

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6
Q

Lower trap test

A

Humerus abducted to 135
Elbow locked
Place hand under forearm superior to wrist
Resist down movement
Opposite for prone

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7
Q

Lats dorsi attachments

A

Sacrum
Iliac crest
T7-12 inf angle of scapula
Bicipittal groove

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8
Q

Lats dorsi action

A

Extension
Medial rotation
Adduction in humerus

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9
Q

Lats dorsi straight arm test

A

Humerus adducted and medially rotated against body, elbow locked
Place hand on post forearm superior to wrist
Resist adduction

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10
Q

Lats dorsi bent arm test

A

Humerus abducted to 90
Elbow bent 90
Shoulder externally rotated
Resist adduction at elbow

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11
Q

Trees major attachments

A

Inf angle of scapula and medial edge of bicipital groove of humerus

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12
Q

Trees major action

A

Extension, medial rotation and adduction of humerus

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13
Q

Trees major test

A

Prone
Elbow bent back of hand on lower back
Place one hand on elbow and other on palm of hand
Resist upward movement of elbow
Opposite for supine

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14
Q

Levator scapulae attachment

A

C1-4 and medial, superior angle of scapula

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15
Q

Levator scapulae action

A

Elevation and downward rotation of scapula

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16
Q

Lev scap test

A

Rotate head slightly
Resist lateral flexion of neck above ear with one hand, resist shoulder elevation with the other

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17
Q

Rhomboids attachments

A

C7-5 and vertebral border of scapula

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18
Q

Rhomboids action

A

Retraction and downward rotation of scapula

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19
Q

Rhomboids test

A

Humerus abducted to 45
Elbow bent 90
Plan facing in
Resist adduction at elbow

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20
Q

Lev scap nerve supply

A

Cervical nerve (C3-4)
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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21
Q

Trapezius nerve supply

A

Cranial nerve 11- accessory nerve- exits via jugular foreamen

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22
Q

Lats dorsi nerve supply

A

Thoracodorsal T7-L5

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23
Q

Rhomboids nerve supply

A

Dorsal scapula C5

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24
Q

Deltoid attachment

A

Lateral third of clavicle
Deltoid tuberosity

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25
Q

Ant deltoid action

A

Flexion, horizontal adduction, medial rotation of humerus

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26
Q

Ant deltoid test

A

Humerus adducted 90, elbow bent 90
Resist horizontal adduction with hand on inf part of bicep and other hand grasping Pt hand
Resist downwards

Prone- hang arm off bed

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27
Q

Deltoid nerve supply

A

Axillary C5-6

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28
Q

Middle deltoid action

A

Abduction of humerus to 90

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29
Q

Middle deltoid test

A

Humerus abducted to 90 elbow bent at 90
Resist abduction with hand superior to clients elbow and opposite hand holding wrist
Resist them trying to bring arm to side

Prone- hang arm off bed

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30
Q

Posterior deltoid action

A

Extension, horizon alt abduction, and lateral rotation of humerus

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31
Q

Post deltoid test

A

Elbow bent 90
Place hand on upper arm superior to elbow
Resist downward movement

Opposite for prone

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32
Q

Coracobrachialis attachments

A

Coracoid process
Middle third of medial surface of humeral shaft

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33
Q

Coracobrachialis action

A

Flexion and adduction of humerus

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34
Q

Coracobrachialis test

A

Humerus abducted slightly
Elbow bent 90
Place hand on arm superior to elbow while grasping clients hand
Resist flexion of shoulder

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35
Q

Coracobrachialis nerve supply

A

Musculcutaneous C5-7

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36
Q

Teres minor attachments

A

Upper axillary border of scapula
Greater tubercle of humerus

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37
Q

Teres minor action

A

Lateral rotation of humerus

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38
Q

Teres minor test

A

Elbow bent 90
Humerus abducted to 45
Resist lateral rotation with hand superior to clients wrist while stabilising opposite side of elbow

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39
Q

Teres minor nerve supply

A

Axillary C5-6

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40
Q

Infraspinatous attachments

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Greater tubercle of humerus

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41
Q

Infraspinatous action

A

Lateral rotation of humerus

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42
Q

Infraspinaotus test

A

Elbow bent 90
Humerus abducted to 90
Resist lateral rotation with hand superior to clients wrist while stabilising opposite side of elbow

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43
Q

Infraspinatous nerve supply

A

Suprascapular C5-6

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44
Q

Supraspinatous attachments

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Greater tubercle of humerus

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45
Q

Supraspinatous action

A

Abduction of humerus

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46
Q

Supraspinatous test

A

Humerus abducted 10-15 and lifted slightly off table
Resist abduction superior to wrist

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47
Q

Supraspinatous nerve supply

A

Suprascapular C5-6

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48
Q

Subscapularis attachment

A

Subscapular fossa of scapula
Lesser tubercle of humerus

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49
Q

Subscapularis action

A

Medial rotation of humerus

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50
Q

Subscapularis test

A

Humerus abducted between 45 and 90
Resist medial rotation with hand superior to wrist while stabilising opposite elbow

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51
Q

Subscapularis nerve supply

A

Upper and lower sub scapular nerve

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52
Q

Pectorals major clavicular attachment

A

Medial half of clavicle
Bicipital groove

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53
Q

Pectoralis major clavicular action

A

Flexion, adduction, horizontal adduction, and medial rotation of humerus

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54
Q

Pectoralis major clavicular test

A

Clients palm facing you
Aim back of hand toward opposite shoulder
Resist at wrist (trying to lift)

Prone- arm abducted to 90, palm facing floor, resist downward movement at wrist

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55
Q

Pectoral major clavicular nerve supply

A

Lateral pectoral nerve C5-7

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56
Q

Pectoralis major sternal attachments

A

Sternal cartilage of ribs 1-6
Bicipital groove

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57
Q

Pectoralis major sternal action

A

Adduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation of humerus, extension of humerus from flexed position

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58
Q

Pectoralis major sternal test

A

Client aims thumb at opposite hip with elbow locked
Traction arm slightly
Stabilise opposite hip
Resist at wrist

Prone- arm abducted 135, place hand superior to wrist, resist downward movement

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59
Q

Pectoralis major sternal nerve supply

A

Medial pectoral nerve C8-T1

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60
Q

Pectoralis minor attachments

A

Ribs 3-5
Coracoid process

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61
Q

Pec minor action

A

Protraction, depression, downward rotation of scapula

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62
Q

Pec minor test

A

Client lifts shoulder off table
Resist protraction over ball of shoulder Jt

Prone- humerus abducted 90, elbow bent, place hand under clients fist
Resist downward movement
Tests both minor and major

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63
Q

Pec minor nerve supply

A

Medial pectoral nerve C8-T1

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64
Q

Serratus anterior attachments

A

Outer surface of upper eight ribs
Ant surface of vertebral border of scapula

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65
Q

Serratus ant action

A

Protraction and upward rotation of scapula
Stabilises scapula versus chest wall

66
Q

Serratus anterior test

A

Upper fibres- humerus flexed 90 and slightly abducted, elbow locked, resist bringing arm down from wrist

Lower- humerus flexed 90, slightly abducted, elbow locked, resist movement up

67
Q

Serratus ant nerve supply

A

Long thoracic C5, 6, 7

68
Q

Bicepts long head attachments

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Tuberosity of radius

69
Q

Bicep long head action

A

Flexion of humerus, supination of forearm, abduction of humerus

70
Q

Bicep long head test

A

Humerus abducted 45
Resist elbow flexion superior to wrist

Prone- elbow 90, grasp forearm superior to elbow, resist movement of hand to shoulder

71
Q

Bicep long head nerve supply

A

Musculocutaneus C5-7

72
Q

Bicep short head attachments

A

Coracoid process
Tuberosity of radius

73
Q

Bicep short head action

A

Flexion of humerus, flexion of elbow, supination of forearm, adduction of humerus

74
Q

Biceps short head test

A

Humerus adducted, elbow bent 90
Resist elbow flexion superior to wrist

75
Q

Biceps short head nerve

A

Musculocutaneous C5-7

76
Q

Brachialis attachments

A

Lower half of ant shaft of humerus
Tuberosity of ulna
Coronoid process of ulna

77
Q

Brachialis action

A

Flexion of elbow

78
Q

Brachialis test

A

Humerus abducted, elbow bent 90
Thumb facing clients head
Resist flexion superior to wrist

79
Q

Brachialis nerve supply

A

Musculocutaneus C5-7

80
Q

Tricep long head attachment

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula and olecranon

81
Q

Tricep long head action

A

Extension of humerus, extension of elbow

82
Q

Tricep long head test

A

Humerus addicted, palm up, elbow locked
Resist extension with hand superior to wrist
They push down

Prone- same but lift arm slightly so they can push into couch

83
Q

Tricep long head innervation

A

Radial C7 division

84
Q

Tricep medial attachment

A

Poster humerus and olecranon

85
Q

Medial tricep action

A

Extension of elbow

86
Q

Medial tricep test

A

Humerus slightly abducted with elbow bent 90
Resist extension with hand superior to wrist

87
Q

Medial triceps innervation

A

Radial C8 division

88
Q

Lateral tricep attachment

A

Post humerus and olecranon

89
Q

Lateral tricep action

A

Extension of elbow

90
Q

Lateral tricep test

A

Humerus abducted with bow bent 90
Resist extension with hand superior to wrist

91
Q

Lateral tricep innervation

A

Radial C6 division

92
Q

Brachioradialis attachment

A

Lateral, distal humerus and styloid process of radius

93
Q

Brachioradialis action

A

Flexion of elbow in neutral

94
Q

Brachioradialis test

A

Arm abducted 45 elbow 90
Rest elbow flexion at base of thumb

95
Q

Brachioradialis innervation

A

Radial nerve C5-6 (sometimes C7)

96
Q

Pronator trees attachments

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus
Middle lateral shaft of radius

97
Q

Pronator teres action

A

Pronation of forearm

98
Q

Pronator teres test

A

Elbow bent, grasp their thumb with one hand and place back of hand against back of clients hand
Resist pronation with both hands

99
Q

Pronator teres innervation

A

Median C5-T1

100
Q

Supinator attachments

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Lateral surface of proximal third of radius

101
Q

Supinator action

A

Supination of forearm

102
Q

Supinator test

A

Elbow bent
Place one hand behind thumb and index and other on hyper eminence
Resist supination with both hands

103
Q

Supinator innervation

A

Radial C7-8

104
Q

Flexor carpi radials attachment

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus and bases of second and third metacarpals

105
Q

Flexor carpi radialis action

A

Flexion and abduction of wrist (radial deviation)

106
Q

Flexor carpi radialis test

A

Wrist flexed 45
Place your hand on medial wrist in line with thumb
Resist flexion

107
Q

Flexor carpi radialis innervation

A

Median C6-7

108
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus attachements

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge , lateral epicondyle of humerus and base pf second metacarpal

109
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

Extension, abduction of wrist (radial deviation)

110
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis test

A

Wrist extended 45
Place hand on medial wrist in line with thumbs
Resist extension

111
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis attachments

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Base of third metacarpal

112
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

Extension of wrist

113
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus innervaton

A

Radial C5-7

114
Q

Flexor carpi ulnas attachments

A

Humeral head- medial epicondyle of humerus and pisiform, hamate, nose of fifth metacarpal

Ulnar head- proximal posterior ulna, olecranon process of ulna and pisiform, hamate, base of firth metacarpal

115
Q

Flexor carpi ulnas action

A

Flexion, ulnar deviation

116
Q

Flexor carpi ulnas test

A

Flexed wrist 45
Place hand on medial wrist in line with thumb
Resist flexion

117
Q

Flexor carpi ulnas innervation

A

ulnar C7-T1

118
Q

Extensor carpi ulnas attachments

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Base of fifth metacarpal

119
Q

Extensor carpi ulnas action

A

Extension, unbar deviation

120
Q

Extensor carpi ulnas test

A

Wrist extended 45
Place hand inferior to wrist in line with little finger
Resist extension

121
Q

Extensor carpi ulnas innervation

A

Ulnar C7-T1

122
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis attachment

A

Humeral head- medial epicondyle of humerus, side of shafts of middle phalanges of four fingers

Ulnar head- coronoid process of ulna, side of shafts of middle phalanges of four fingers

Radial head- anterior oblique line of radius and sides of shafts of middle phalanges of four fingers

123
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

Flexion of middle phalanges of four fingers at PIP Jts, flexion of wrist

124
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis test

A

Wrist flexed 45
Place finger on each PIP Jt 2-5
Resist flexion

125
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

A

Median C8-T1

126
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus attachments

A

Middle ant of ulna
Interossesous membrane of base of distal phalanges of four fingers

127
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus action

A

Flexion of distal phalanges of four fingers DIP Jts, assist flexion at wrist

128
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus test

A

Wrist flexed 45
Place fingers on each DIP Jt 2-5
Resist flexion

129
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

Median C7-T1

130
Q

Extensor digitorum attachments

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus and extensor expansion of four fingers

131
Q

Extensor digitorum actions

A

Extension of proximal flanges of four fingers at MP Jts, assist extension of wrist

132
Q

Extensor digitorum innervation

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8

133
Q

Flexor pollicis longs attachment

A

Ant radius, interosseous membrane and distal phalanx of thumb

134
Q

Flexor pollicis longus test

A

Elbow bent 90
Finger curled into palm
Place index finger on ant side of clients straight thumb on distal phalanx
Resist flexion

135
Q

Flexor pollicis longue innervation

A

Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve
C7-8

136
Q

Extensor pollicis longus attachments

A

Post ulna, interosseous membrane and base of distal phalanx of thumb

137
Q

Extensor pollicis longus action

A

Extension of distal phalanx of thumb

138
Q

Extensor pollicis longus test

A

Elbow bent 90
Grasp his four fingers with one hand curl the, into his palm
Place other index finger on his post thumb, distal phalanx
Resist ext

139
Q

Extensor pollicis longus innervation

A

Deep branch of the radial nerve via the posterior interosseous nerve (7th and 8th cervical nerve root).

140
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis attachments

A

Flexor retinaculum and carpal bones and base of proximal phalanx of thumbs

141
Q

flexor pollicis brevis action

A

Flexion of proximal phalanx of thumb

142
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis test

A

Elbow bent 90
Thumb curled into palm
Place index finger on tip of clients bent thumb
Resist flexion

143
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar C8-T1

144
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis attachments

A

Post radius, interosseous membrane and base of proximal phalanx of thumb

145
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis action

A

Extension of proximal phalanx of thumb

146
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis test

A

Elbow 90
Four fingers curled into palm of hand, thumb bent
Place your index finger on clients posterior thumb, proximal phalanx
Resist extension

147
Q

Extensor policies brevis innervation

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 & C8)

148
Q

Adductor pollicis attachments

A

Transverse head- ant shaft of third metacarpal
Oblique head- base of second and third metacarpal, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium and base of proximal phalanx of thumb

149
Q

Adductor pollicis action

A

Adduction of first metacarpal of thumb at carpal metacarpal Jt

150
Q

Adductor pollicis test

A

Place clients thumb against their index
Try pull thumb from index

151
Q

Adductor pollicis innervation

A

Deep ulnar C8-T1

152
Q

Adductor pollicis longus attachments

A

Posterior radius, ulna, interosseous membrane and base of first metacarpal

153
Q

Adductor pollicis longus action

A

Abduction of first metacarpal of thumb at CM Jt, also assists wrist abduction

154
Q

Adductor pollicis longus test

A

Place clients thumb against their index and then move slightly apart
Place your index finger on his posterior thumb
Resist abduction

155
Q

Adductor pollicis longus innervation

A

Deep ulnar C8-T1

156
Q

Thumb to finger opposition- opponens pollicis attachment

A

Flexor retinaculum
Trapezius
Lateral first metacarpal

157
Q

Opponents pollicis action

A

Opposition of thumb at CM Jt

158
Q

Oppponens pollicis and opponent digits minimi test

A

Place tips of clients thumb and little finger together
Ask client to keep them together while you attempt to pull them apart

159
Q

Opponents pollicis innervation

A

Deep ulnar C8-T1

160
Q

Opponens digiti minimi innervation

A

Deep ulnar C8-T1
Deep palmar arch

161
Q

Opponens digiti minimi attachments

A

Flexor retinaculum, hook of hamate and ulnar border of fifth metacarpal

162
Q

Opponens digiti minimi action

A

Flexion of proximal phalanx of little finger at MP Jt

Muscle tests (6 decks)

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