Torso

Question 1

Rectus abdominis attachments

Answer 1

Costal cartilage of ribs 5-7 and anterior pubis

Question 2

Rectus abdominis action

Answer 2

Flexion of torso

Question 3

Rectus abdominis test

Answer 3

Knees bent 80 with legs together
Place on hand under lower leg for support while other hand is superior to ankles
They try and push down

Don’t attempt with lower back P

Question 4

Rectus abdominis innervation

Answer 4

Thoracoabdominal nerve
Branches of the ventral rami of the T7 to T12 spinal nerves

Question 5

Oblique action

Answer 5

Tests ability of int and ext oblique to SB

Question 6

Side lying oblique test

Answer 6

Knees bent and together
Lift top leg as client keeps knees together
Place hand superior to ankle
Resist upward movement

Question 7

Oblique standing

Answer 7

Resist SB at forearm
This is used if a person leans to one side, correct obliques of opposite side

Question 8

Oblique external attachment

Answer 8

Ribs 5-12, linea alba, pubis, antier iliac crest

Question 9

External obliques action

Answer 9

Bilateral- flexion of trunk, compression of abdominal contents

Unilateral- lateral flexion, rotation of trunk to opposite side

Question 10

External obliques test

Answer 10

Client lifts shoulder slightly off table while bringing ipsilateral leg to bent knee position
Place one hand on clients should and one of the knee
Resist movement of knee to shoulder

Question 11

External oblique innervation

Answer 11

Motor branches of the lateral cutaneous branches of the anterior spinal nerves in a segmental pattern

Question 12

Internal oblique attachment

Answer 12

Inguinal ligament, ant iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and costal cartilage of ribs 9-12, abdominal aponeurosis, linear alba

Question 13

Internal oblique action

Answer 13

Bilateral- flexion of trunk, compression of abdominal content

Unilateral- lateral flexion, rotation of trunk to same side

Question 14

Internal obliques test

Answer 14

Clients lift shoulder slightly off table while bringing contralateral leg (leg closest, furthest shoulder) to bent knee position
Place one hand on clients shoulder and on one knee
Resist movement of knee to shoulder

Question 15

Internal oblique innervation

Answer 15

Lower six thoracic spinal nerves (T7-T12)

Question 16

Transverse abdominis attachment

Answer 16

Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis, costal cartilage 7-12 and abdominal aponeurosis, linea alba, pubis

Question 17

Transverse abdominis action

Answer 17

Flexion of torso

Question 18

Transverse abdominis

Answer 18

Prone
Client lifts legs off table (hands superior to ankles, fingers anterior)
Client pulls umbilicus to lumbar spine and pushes legs into table
Without pulling umbilicus to spine, this tests rectus abdominis

Question 19

Transverse abdominis innervation

Answer 19

Terminal branches of the lower five intercostal nerves and the subcostal nerve

Question 20

Quadratus lumborum attachments

Answer 20

Posterior iliac crest and 12th rib, TPs of L1-4

Question 21

Quadratus lumborum action

Answer 21

Raises hips slightly and lateral flexion of trunk, bilaterally enables lumbar extension

Question 22

Quadratus lumborum test

Answer 22

Clients legs straight and together
Abducted to opposite side (for prone adducted to same side)
Place one hand on opposite hip to stabilise and other on closest to leg superior to ankle
Resist movement of both legs towards you

Question 23

Quadratus lumborum innervation

Answer 23

Subcostal nerve (T12), anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L4

Question 24

Psoas attachments

Answer 24

Lumbar vertebra T12-L5
Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 25

Psoas action

Answer 25

Flexion of femur at hip Jt or flexion of trunk at hip Jt

Question 26

Psoas test

Answer 26

Leg straight, hip Jt rotated laterally
Lower leg extends off table with leg abducted 45
Place one hand under knee and other under foot
Resist downward movement (prone)

Leg abducted and flexed 45 and rotated externally
Stabilise opposite hip
Place and superior to ankle and restrict adduction and flexing (supine)

Question 27

Psoas innervation

Answer 27

Anterior rami of L1-L4, and also receives small branches from the femoral nerve

Question 28

Iliacus attachments

Answer 28

Iliac fossa and lesser trochanter of femur

Question 29

Iliacus action

Answer 29

Flexion of femur at hip or flexion of trunk at hip Jt

Question 30

Iliacus test

Answer 30

Knee is bent at 90 leg slightly abducted
Support lower leg with hand under clients ankle and other hand on top of medial surface of knee
Aim knee to outside of ipsilateral ribs
Resist at knee

Prone- knee is bent and rotated internally, place hand under knee, resit downward movement

Question 31

Iliacus innervation

Answer 31

Branches of femoral nerve L2-3