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Muscle tests > Lower extremity > Flashcards

Lower extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Glute max attachment

A

Posterior sacrum, ilium, IT band

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2
Q

Glute max action

A

Hip extension

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3
Q

Glute max test

A

Knee bent 90, leg off table, place hadn’t under foot, resist downward movement

Opposite for prone- resist thigh

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4
Q

Glute max innervation

A

Inferior gluteal L4-5

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5
Q

Glute medius attachments

A

Iliac crest to ilium and greater trochanter of femur

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6
Q

Gluteus medius action

A

Abduction and medial rotation of femur at hip

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7
Q

Gluteus medius test

A

Medial rotation
Knee bent 90
Place hand superior to ankle
Resist outward movement while hand stabilises knee on opposite side

Side lying- 0 flexion, abducted 30, place hand superior to clients ankle, resist upward movement

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8
Q

Glute medius innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve L4-S1

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9
Q

Glute minimus attachments

A

Posterior ilium and anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

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10
Q

Glute medius action

A

Abduction and medial rotation of femur at hip

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11
Q

Glute medius test

A

Side line
Leg straight 15 flex
Place hand superior to ankle
Resist upward movement
Same as medius

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12
Q

Glute medius innervation

A

Superior gluteal L4-S1

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13
Q

Tensor fascia latae attachments

A

Iliac crest, IT band to lateral condyle of tibia

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14
Q

TFL action

A

Abduction, medial rotation, hip flexion, knee extension, reinforces lateral knee movement

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15
Q

TFL test

A

Clients leg straight, slightly abducted and flexed 30
Turn foot in
Place hand superior to ankle
Resist upward movement and outward movement

Side line
Straight leg 30 flexion, abducted 30
Place hand superior to clients ankle
Resist upward movement

Prone- leg straight, place hand superior to ankle, resist abduction

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16
Q

TFL innervation

A

Superior gluteal L4-S1

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17
Q

Piriformis attachment

A

Ant sacrum and greater trochanter pf femur

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18
Q

Piriformis action

A

External rotation of hip

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19
Q

Piriformis test

A

Knee bent 90
Place one hand superior to inside of ankle and other on outside of knee
Resist inward movement of ankle

Prone- knee bent 90, hand superior to inside of ankle, resit inwards movement

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20
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

Superior gluteal L4-S1

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21
Q

Obturator interns attachments

A

Ischium and greater trochanter of femur below piriformis

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22
Q

Obturator interns action

A

Lateral rotation of hip

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23
Q

Obturator interns test

A

Knee bent 90
Hip lightly abducted
Place one hand on outside of knee for support and other hand superior to ankle
Resit upward and inward movement

Prone- knee bent and laterally rotated, foot angled down to opposite mid calf, place hand on opposite side of ankle, resist downward and inward movement

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24
Q

Obturator internus innervation

A

Obturator interns L5-S1

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25
Q

Obtruator externs attachments

A

Ischium, obturator foreman and greater trochanter of femur below obturator interns

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26
Q

Obturator externus action

A

Lateral rotation of hip

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27
Q

Obturator externus test

A

Knee bent 90, hip abducted to 45
Place hand on outside of knee for support and other hand superior to inside of ankle
Resist upward and inward movement

Prone- knee bent and laterally rotated, foot angled down to opposite Achilles tendon, place hand on opposite side of ankle, resist inward and downward movement

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28
Q

Obturator externus innervation

A

Obturator L3-4

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29
Q

Pectineus attachments

A

Anterior pubis and below lesser trochanter of femur

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30
Q

Pectineus action

A

Flexion, adduction and medial rotation of hip

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31
Q

Pectineus test

A

Leg straight, foot turned completely out
Resist adduction superior to ankle

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32
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

Femoral L2-3

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33
Q

Adductor brevis attachments

A

Anterior pubis and below petienus on femur

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34
Q

Adductor brevis action

A

Flexion, addiction and medial rotation of hip

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35
Q

Adductor brevis test

A

Leg straight, foot turned out 45
Resist adduction superior to ankle

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36
Q

Adductor brevis innervation

A

Obturator L2-4

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37
Q

Adductor longus attachments

A

Anterior pubis and below adductor brevis on femur

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38
Q

Adductor longus action

A

Flexion, adduction and medial rotation of hip

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39
Q

Adductor longus test

A

Leg straight, foot straight up
Resist adduction superior to ankle

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40
Q

Adductor longus innervation

A

Obturator L2-4

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41
Q

Adductor Magnus attachments

A

Ant- inferior ramus of pubis, below adductor longus on femur and adductor tubercle

Post- ischial tubersoty, ramus of ischium and adductor tubercle

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42
Q

Adductor magnus action

A

Ant- adduction, flexion and medial rotation of hip

Post- extension and lateral rotation of femur at hip

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43
Q

Adductor magnus test

A

Leg straight, foot turned 45, resist adduction superior to ankle

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44
Q

Adductor magnus innervation

A

Obturator L2-4

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45
Q

Gracilis attachments

A

Inferior ramu of anterior pubis and pes anserinus

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46
Q

Gracilis action

A

Hip adductor, flexion, medial rotation of flexed knee

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47
Q

Gracilis test

A

Leg straight, foot turned completely in
Resist adduction superior to ankle

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48
Q

Gracilis innervation

A

Obturator L2-4

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49
Q

Sartorial attachments

A

ASIS and pes anserinus

50
Q

Sartorius action

A

Assists flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of femur at hip, assists flexion and medial rotation of knee

51
Q

Sartorius tet

A

Knee bent slightly above table
Put one hand under outside knee to stabilise and other hand on heel
Resist movement of heel toward groin
Fabers type position

52
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

Femoral L2-4

53
Q

Rectus femurs attachments

A

ASIS and patella via patella lig to tibial tuberosity

54
Q

Rec fem action

A

Hip flexion and extension of knee

55
Q

Rec fem test

A

Leg straight 30 flexion
Have client lock knee with toes pointing towards ceiling
Place hand superior to ankle
Resist flexion

56
Q

Rec fem innervation

A

Femoral L2-4

57
Q

Vastus intermedius attachments

A

Anterior and lateral femoral shaft and patella via patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

58
Q

Vastus intermedius action

A

Extension of knee

59
Q

Vastus intermedius test

A

Prone- Knee bent 90, foot straight with toes up, support back of foot
Resist extension superior to ankle

60
Q

Vastus intermedius innervation

A

Femoral L2-4

61
Q

Vastus medals attachments

A

Linea aspera on posterior femur and patella and patellar ligament via tibial tuberosity

62
Q

Vastus medialis action

A

Extension of knee

63
Q

Vastus medialis test

A

Prone- knee bent, lower leg laterally rotated (FABER), support back of knee with one hand and place the hand superior to medial ankle
Resist extension

64
Q

Vastus medialis innervaiton

A

Femoral L2-4

65
Q

Vastus laterals attachments

A

Linea aspera on posterior femur and patella via patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

66
Q

Vastus lateralis action

A

Extension of knee

67
Q

Vastus lateralis test

A

Knee bent, lower leg medially rotated, support back of knee with one hand, place other superior to lateral ankle
Resist extension

68
Q

Vastus laterali innervation

A

Femoral L2-4

69
Q

Bicep femurs attachment

A

Ischial tubersoty and head of fibula

70
Q

Bicep fem action

A

Extension of hip, flexion of knee, and lateral rotation of flexed knee

71
Q

Bicep fem test

A

Supine- knee bent, foot turned out, place hand superior to heel, resist knee flexion

Prone- knee bent, foot rotated out, place hand behind heel, resist knee flexion (may have hand on hamstring to prevent cramping)

72
Q

Bicep fem innervation

A

Sciatic L4-S3

73
Q

Semitendinosus attachments

A

Ischial tuberosa and pes ansarinas

74
Q

Semimembranosus attachments

A

Ischial tuberosa, medial tibial condyle

75
Q

Semintendinosus and membranous action

A

Extension of hip, flexion of knee, medial rotation of flexed knee

76
Q

Semimem and ten test

A

Prone- knee bent, foot turned in, place hand behind heel, resist knee flexion
Supine- knee bent, foot turned in, place hand superior to heel, resist knee flexion

77
Q

Semimem and ten innervation

A

Sciatic L4-S3

78
Q

Popliteus attachments

A

Lateral condyle of femur and poster proximal tibial shaft

79
Q

Popliteus action

A

Initiate knee flexion and medial rotation of tibia

80
Q

Popliteus test

A

Supine- leg straight, hand under knee to slightly flex it, place other superior to medial heel with foot slightly turned in, resist knee flexion

Prone- leg straight, heel turned in, place hand on heel, resist knee flexion (tests first 10-15 of knee flexion)

81
Q

Popliteus innervation

A

Tibial L4-S1

82
Q

Gastrocnemius attachments

A

Medial and lateral epicondyle of femur and calcaneus via Achille tendon

83
Q

Gastrocnemius action

A

Plantarflexion of ankle, flexion or knee

84
Q

Gastrocnemius test

A

Straight leg, hand on ball of foot, resist plantar flexion
Opposite for prone

85
Q

Gastrocnemius innervation

A

Tibial S1-2

86
Q

Soleus attachments

A

Poster tibial and fibula and calcaneus via achilles tendon

87
Q

Soleus action

A

Plantar flexion of ankle

88
Q

Soleus test

A

With clients knee bent, put hand in fist in ball of foot, resist plantar flexion

Prone- knee bent slightly off table, place hand in ball of foot while supporting underside of ankle with other, resist plantar flexion

89
Q

Soleus innervation

A

Tibial S1-2

90
Q

Tibialis posterior attachments

A

Poster tibia, fibula and navicular, adjacent tarsals, and metatarsals on plantar surface

91
Q

Tibialis post action

A

PF of ankle, inversion of foot

92
Q

Tibialis post test

A

Leg straight foot turned in, place fingers on ball of big toes, resist PF and inversion

Prone- leg straight foot tuned in, place hand on medial ball of foot and support underside of ankle with other hand, resist PF

93
Q

Tibialis post innervation

A

Tibial L4-5

94
Q

Tibialis ant attachments

A

Lateral condyle and lateral shaft of tibia, interosseous membrane and base of first metatarsal, first medial cuneiform

95
Q

Tibialis ant action

A

DF and inversion

96
Q

Tibialis ant test

A

Leg straight, ankle slightly PF, resist DF superior to base of big toe

97
Q

Tibialis ant innervation

A

Deep fibular L4-5

98
Q

Peronues tertius attachments

A

Ant distal fibula and base of fifth metatarsal

99
Q

Peroneus Tertius action

A

Eversion of foot with DF

100
Q

Peroneus tertius test

A

Resist eversion of foot in DF

101
Q

Peroneus tertius innervation

A

Deep fibular L5-S1

102
Q

Peroneus longus attachments

A

Head and upper 2/3 of lateral shaft of fibula and base of first metatarsal, first cuneiform

103
Q

Peroneus brevis attachments

A

Lower 2/3 of shaft of fibula and base of fifth metatarsal

104
Q

Peroneus longus and brevis action

A

Eversion of foot with PF
Supports foot arches

105
Q

Peroneus longus and brevis test

A

Resist eversion of foot in PF

106
Q

Peroneus longus and brevis innervation

A

Superficial fibula L5-S1

107
Q

Flexor hallucis longus attachments

A

Post fibula and distal phalanx of big toe

108
Q

Flexor hallucis longus action

A

Flexion of big toes, PF ankle

109
Q

Flexor hallucis longus test

A

Place index finger on plantar side of slightly extended big toe
Resist flexion

Prone- leg straight, place index on big toe, resist flexion

110
Q

Flexor hallucis longus innervation

A

Tibial L4-S3

111
Q

Extensor hallucis longus attachments

A

Ant shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane

112
Q

Extensor hallucis longs action

A

Extension of big toe, DF ankle

113
Q

Extensor hallucis longus test

A

Client curls lateral four toes in, place index on poster big toe, resist extension
Prone- same

114
Q

Extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

Anterior tibial nerves L4-S3

115
Q

Extensor digitorum attachments

A

Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal two thirds of anterior shaft of fibula and middle and distal phalanges of four lateral toes

116
Q

Extensor digitorum action

A

Extension of four lateral toes at MP Jts, assists DF

117
Q

Extensor digitorum test

A

Place fingers on dorsal surface of four lateral toes, slightly flexed
Resist extension
For prone- reverse

118
Q

Extensor digitorum innervation

A

Lateral terminal branch of deep fibular (peroneal) L5-S1

119
Q

Flexor digitruu longus attachments

A

Post tibia and distal phalanges of four lateral toes

120
Q

flexor digitrorum longus action

A

Flexion of four lateral toes, PF ankle

121
Q

Flexor digitorum longus test

A

Place index finger perpendicularly across four lateral toes, resist flexion

Prone- place fingers on plantar surface of four lateral toes, resist flexion

Muscle tests (6 decks)

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