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Muscles > Upper Body Muscles > Flashcards

Upper Body Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Abducts humerus

Prime Mover: Abduction

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2
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Lateral rotation of humerus

Prime Mover: Outward Rotation, Hor. Extension

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3
Q

Teres minor

A

Origin: Lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Lateral rotation of humerus

Prime Mover: Outward rotation, Hor. Extension

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4
Q

Subscapularis

A

Origin: Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus

Action: Medial rotation of humerus

Prime Mover: Inward Rotation

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5
Q

Deltoid

A

Origin: Clavicle and scapula

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action: Abducts humerus

Prime Mover:

Anterior : Flextion; Hor. Flexion

Middle: Abduction; Hor. Extension

Posterior: Hor. Extension

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6
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Origin: Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion: Medial margin of humerus shaft

Action: Adducts and flexes humerus

Prime Mover: Hor. Flexion

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7
Q

Teres major

A

Origin: Inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus (medial lip)

Action: Extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus

Prime Mover: Extension; Adduction; Internally rotate

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: Spinous processes of lower thoracic, and all lumbar vertebrea, ribs 8-12, and lumbrodorsal fascia

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Action: Extens, adducts, medially rotates humerus

Prime Mover: Extension; Adduction

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9
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Origin: Ribs 2-4, body of sternum, and inferior medial clavicle

Insertion: Greater tubercle and inter tubercular groove of humerus (lateral lip)

Action: Flexes, adducts, medially rotates humerus

Prime Mover: Flexion; Extension; Adduction; Hor. Flexion

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10
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

Origin: Ventral surfaces of ribs 3-5

Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula

Action: Depresses, protracts, downward rotates of SG (Elevates ribs if

Prime Mover: Depression, Abduction, downward rotation

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11
Q

Subclavius

A

Origin: First rib

Insertion: Clavicle (inferior border)

Action: Depresses and protracts scapula

Prime Mover: Depression

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12
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Origin: Transverse processes of first 4 cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula (near superior angle)

Action: Elevates scapula

Prime Mover: Elevation

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13
Q

Rhomboids major

A

Origin: Spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula (spine to inferior angle)

Action: Adducts and downward rotates scapula

Prime Mover: Elevation; Adduction; Downward Rotation

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14
Q

Rhomboids minor

A

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae

Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula (near spine)

Action: Adducts and downward rotates scapula

Prime Mover: Elevation; Adduction; Downward rotation

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15
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Origin: Anterior, superior margins of ribs of ribs 1-9

Insertion: Anterior surface of scapula, vertebral border

Action: Protracts and upward rotates scapula

Prime Mover: Abduction; Upward rotation

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16
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: Occipital bone, ligaments niche, and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Clavicla and scapula (acromion and spine)

Action: Heads 1 + 2: elevate Head 2: Upward rotates Head 3: Adducts Head 4: Depresses

Prime Mover: 1: Elevation; 2:Elevation and Upward rotation; 3: Adduction; 4: Depression and Upward rotation

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17
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Origin: Short head: coracoid process of scapula Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: Tuberosity of radius

Action: Flexes elbow and supinates forearm; Flexes humerus

Prime Mover: None for Shoulder

For elbow–> Flexion

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18
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin: Anterior distal humerus

Insertion: Tuberosity of ulna

Action: Flexes elbow

Prime Mover: Flexion

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19
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Styloid process of radius

Action: Flexes elbow

Prime Mover: Flexion

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20
Q

Anconeus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Lateral margin of olecranon on ulna

Action: Extends elbow (moves ulna laterally during pronation

Prime Mover: None

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21
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Origin: Lateral head: superior, lateral humerus Medial head: posterior humerus Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna (all heads)

Action: Extends elbow (all heads)

Prime Mover: None for shoulder

Elbow–> Extension

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22
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Origin: Medial surface of distal ulna

Insertion: Anterolateral surface of distal radius

Action: Pronates forearm

Prime Mover: Pronation

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23
Q

Pronator Teres

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coranoid process of ulna

Insertion: Distal lateral surface of radius

Action: Pronates forearm

Prime Mover: None

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24
Q

Supinator

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal ulna

Insertion: Anterolateral surface of radius, distal to radial tuberosity

Action: Supinates forearm

Prime Mover: Supination

25
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Bases of metacarpals 2 and 3

Action: Flexes and abducts wrist

Prime Mover: None

26
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus; (medial olecranon and )

Insertion: Pisiform, hamate, base of metacarpal 5

Action: Flexes and adducts wrist

Prime Mover: None

27
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Palmer aponeurosis/ flexor retinaculum

Action: Flexes wrist

Prime Mover: None

28
Q

Extensor carpis radialis longus

A

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion:Base of metacarpal 2 (posterior surface)

Action: Extends and abducts wrist

Prime Mover: None

29
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Base of metacarpal 3 (posterior surface

Action: Extends and abducts wrist

Prime Mover: ​None

30
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior ulna

Insertion: Base of metacarpal 5 (posterior surface)

Action: Extends and adducts wrist

Prime Mover: ​None

31
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus; adjacent anterior ulna and

Insertion: Middle phalanges 2-5 (mid lateral portion)

Action: Flexes fingers and flexes wrist

Prime Mover: ​None

32
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Origin: Medial and posterior ulna, coronoid process, interosseous

Insertion: Bases of distal phalanges 2-5

Action: Flexes distal phalanges

Prime Mover: ​None

33
Q

Flexor pollicus longus

A

Origin: Anterior radius, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb

Action: Flexes thumb

Prime Mover: ​None

34
Q

Abductor pollicus longus

A

Origin: Proximal, posterior ulna and radius

Insertion: Lateral marin of metacarpal 1

Action: Abducts thumb

Prime Mover: ​None

35
Q

Extensor pollicus brevis

A

Origin: Posterior radius (distal to abduct or pollicus longus origin)

Insertion: Base of proximal phalange of thumb

Action: Extends thumb, abducts hand

Prime Mover: ​None

36
Q

Extensor pollicus longus

A

Origin: Posterior and lateral ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Base of distal phalange of thumb

Action: Extends thumb, abducts hand

Prime Mover: ​None

37
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Posterior phalanges 2-5

Action: Extends fingers and hand

Prime Mover: ​None

38
Q

Extensor indicis

A

Origin: Posterior ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Posterior index finger

Action: Extends and adducts index finger

Prime Mover: ​None

39
Q

Extensor digiti minimi

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via tendon)

Insertion: Posterior proximal phalange of little finger

Action: Extends little finger

Prime Mover: ​None

40
Q

Elevation of Shoulder girdle (4)

A

Trapezius (head 1)

Trapezius (head 2)

Levator scapulae

Rhomboid

41
Q

Depression of Shoulder girdle (2)

A

Subclavius

Pectoralis minor

42
Q

Protection of Shoulder girdle (2)

A

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anterior

43
Q

Retraction of Shoulder Girdle (2)

A

Trapezius (head 3)

Rhomboid

44
Q

Upward Rotation of Shoulder Girdle (2)

A

Serratus anterior

Trapezius (head 2)

45
Q

Downward Rotation of Shoulder Girdle (2)

A

Pectoralis minor

Rhomboid

46
Q

Flexion of Shoulder Joint (2)

A

Anterior Deltoid

Pectoralis major (clavicular)

47
Q

Extension of Shoulder Joint (3)

A

Pectoralis major (sternal)

Latissimus dorsi

Teres major

48
Q

Abduction of Shoulder Joint (2)

A

Middle Deltoid

Supraspinatus

49
Q

Adduction of Shoulder Joint (3)

A

Pectoralis major (sternal)

Latissimus dorsi

Teres Major

50
Q

Lateral Rotation of Shoulder Joint (2)

A

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

51
Q

Medial Rotation of Shoulder Joint (2)

A

Subscapularis

Teres major

52
Q

Horizontal Flexion of Shoulder Joint (4)

A

Anterior Deltoid

Pectoralis major (sternal)

Pectoralis major (clavicular)

Coracobrachialis

53
Q

Horizontal Extension of Shoulder Joint (4)

A

Middle Deltoid

Posterior Deltoid

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

54
Q

Flexion of Elbow Joint (2)

A

Biceps brachii

Brachialis

55
Q

Extension of Elbow Joint (1)

A

Triceps brachii

56
Q

Pronation of Elbow Joint (2)

A

Pronator quadratus

Pronator teres

57
Q

Supination of Elbow Joint (1)

A

Biceps brachii

58
Q

Flexion of Wrist Joint (3)

A

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexor digitorum superficialis

59
Q

Extension of Wrist Joint (1)

A

Extensor digitorum

Muscles (3 decks)

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