Lower Body Muscles Flashcards
Rectus femoris
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine and superior acetabular rim
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Flexes thigh, extends knee
Prime Mover: Flexion of hip; extension at knee
Vastus intermedius
Origin: Anterolateral femur and linea aspera (distal)
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extends knee
Prime Mover: extension at knee
Vastus lateralis
Origin: Anterolateral femur and linea aspera (proximal)
Insertion: Tiibial tuberosity
Action: Extends knee
Prime Mover: extension at knee
Vastus medialis
Origin: Linea aspera
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extends knee
Prime Mover: extension at knee
Biceps femoris
Origin: Ischial tuberosity and linea aspera
Insertion: Head of fibula; lateral condyle of tibia
Action: Extends and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee
Prime Mover: Extension at hip; flexion at knee; lateral rotation of knee
Semimembranosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Posterior, medial condyle of tibia
Action: Extends and medially rotates thigh; flexes knee
Prime Mover: Extension at hip; flexion at knee; medial rotation at knee
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Proximal, medial tibia
Action: Extends and medially rotates thigh; flexes knee
Prime Mover: Extension at hip; flexion at knee; medial rotation at knee
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Medial tibia
Action: Flexes and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee
Prime Mover: medial rotation at knee
Popliteus
Origin: Lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: Posterior, proximal shaft of tibia
Action: Medially rotates tibia
Prime Mover:
Gluteus maximus
Origin: Iliac crest, saccrum, coccyx, and lumbrodorsal facia
Insertion: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
Action: Extends and laterally rotates thigh
Prime Mover: Extension at hip, lateral rotation of hip
Gluteus medius
Origin: Anterior iliac crest, and lateral surface of ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Prime Mover: Abduction of hip
Gluteus minimus
Origin: Lateral surface of ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Prime Mover: Medial rotation of hip
Tensor fascia latae
Origin: Iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Iliotibial tract
Action: Flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh
Prime Mover: Medial rotation of hip
Adductor magnus
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur and adductor tubercle of femur
Action: Adducts thig; superior portion flexes and medially rotates thigh; Inferior portion extends and laterally rotates thigh
Prime Mover: Adduction of hip
Adducter brevis
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh
Prime Mover: Adduction of hip
Adductor longus
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh
Prime Mover: Adduction of hip
Gracilis
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Medial tibia, inferior to medial condyle
Action: Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh
Prime Mover: Adduction of hip
Pectineus
Origin: Superior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Inferior to lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh
Prime Mover: Adduction of hip
Iliacus
Origin: Iliac fossa of ilium
Insertion: Femur, distal to lesser trochanter
Action: Flexes hip and/or lumbar spine
Prime Mover: Flexion of hip
Psoas
Origin: Anterior surfaces and transverse processes of vertebrae T12- L5
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Action: Flexes hip and/or lumbar spine
Prime Mover: Flexion of hip
Tibialis anterior
Origin: lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia
Insertion: Base of metatarsal 1 and cuneiform 2
Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot
Prime Mover: dorsiflexion; Inversion/supination
Gastrocnemius
Origin: Femoral condyles
Insertion: Calcaneous via calcaneal tendon
Action: Flexes knee; plantar flexes, inverts and adducts foot
Prime Mover: Plantarflexion
Plantaris
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion: Posterior portion of calcaneous
Action: Flexes knee; plantar flexes foot
Prime Mover:
Soleus
Origin: Head and proximal fibula, posteromedial tibia
Insertion: Calcaneous via calcaneal tendon
Action: Plantar flexes, inverts, and adducts foot
Prime Mover: Plantarflexion
Tibialis posterior
Origin: Proximal tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: tarsals and metatarsal 2-4
Action: Plantar flexes, inverts, and adducts foot
Prime Mover: Inversion/supination
Peroneus brevis
Origin: Midlateral margin of fibula
Insertion: Base of metatarsal 5
Action: Everts and plantar flexes foot
Prime Mover: Eversion/pronation
Peroneus longus
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, head and proximal fibula
Insertion: Base of metatarsal 1 and cuneiform 2
Action: Everts and plantar flexes foot; supports longitudinal arch
Prime Mover: Eversion/pronation
Peroneus tertius
Origin: Anterior distal fibula
Insertion: Base of metatarsal 5
Action: Everts and dorsiflexes foot
Prime Mover: dorsiflexion; Eversion/pronation
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin: Posteromedial tibia
Insertion: Inferior surfaces of distal phalanges 2-5
Action: Planter flexes toes 2-5
Prime Mover: Flexion of toes
Flexor hallicus longus
Origin: Posterior fibula
Insertion: Inferior surface, distal phalynx of great toe
Action: Plantar flexers great toe
Prime Mover: Flexion of toes
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior fibula
Insertion: Superior surfaces of distal phalanges 2-5
Action: Extends toe 2-5
Prime Mover: dorsiflexion; Eversion/pronation; Extension of toes
Extensor hallucis longus
Origin: Anterior fibula
Insertion: Superior surface, distal phalynx of great toe
Action: Extends great toe
Prime Mover: Extension of toes
