Upper Body Muscle Description Flashcards
What is the Biceps brachii -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Elbow flexion (supination), Shoulder flexion
- Origin - Supra-glenoid tubercle (long head), Coracoid process (short head)
- Insertion - Radial tuberosity
- Antagonist - Triceps brachii
- Nerve - Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the Brachialis -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Elbow flexion (pronation)
- Origin - Lower 1/2 of anterior humerus
- Insertion - Coronoid process
- Antagonist - Triceps brachii
- Nerve - Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the Brachioradialis -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Elbow flexion (mid pronation)
- Origin - Proximal to lateral epicondyle
- Insertion - styloid process of radius
- Antagonist - Triceps brachii
- Nerve - Radial nerve
What is the Triceps brachii -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Elbow extension (long, lateral and medial head), Should extension (long head)
- Origin - Infra glenoid tubercle (long head), Proximal to radial groove (lateral head), Distal to radial groove (medial head)
- Insertion - Olecranon process
- Antagonist - Biceps Brachii
- Nerve - Axillary nerve
What is the Supraspinatus -
- Muscle Group
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Muscle Group - Rotator cuff
- Action - Shoulder abduction
- Origin - Supraspinous fossa
- Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus
- Antagonist - Latissimus dorsi, Pectoral major
- Nerve - Suprascapular nerve
What is the Infraspinatus -
- Muscle Group
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Muscle Group - Rotator cuff
- Action - Shoulder external rotation
- Origin - Infraspinous fossa
- Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus
- Antagonist - Subscapularis
- Nerve - Axillary nerve
What is the Subscapularis -
- Muscle Group
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Muscle Group - Rotator cuff
- Action - Shoulder internal rotation
- Origin - Subscapular fossa
- Insertion - Lesser tubercle of humerus
- Antagonist - Infraspinatus
- Nerve - Scapular nerve
What is the Teres minor -
- Muscle Group
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Muscle Group - Rotator cuff
- Action - Shoulder external rotation, Shoulder adduction
- Origin - Lateral border of scapula
- Insertion - Lesser tubercle of humerus
- Antagonist - Subscapularis, Supraspinatus
- Nerve - Axillary nerve
What is the Deltoid (anterior fibres) -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Shoulder flexion, Shoulder horizontal flexion
- Origin - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula
- Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity
- Antagonist - Triceps brachii (long head), Posterior glenoid
- Nerve - Pectoral nerve
What is the Deltoid (posterior fibres) -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Shoulder extension, shoulder horizontal extension
- Origin - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula
- Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity
- Antagonist - Biceps brachii, Anterior deltoid
- Nerve - Axillary nerve
What is the Deltoid (middle fibres) -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Shoulder abduction
- Origin - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula
- Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity
- Antagonist - Pectoralis major, Latissimus dorsi
- Nerve - Axillary nerve
What is the Pectoralis major -
- Muscle group
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Muscle group - Pectorals
- Action - Shoulder flexion/adduction/internal rotation/horizontal flexion
- Origin - Sternum, Clavicle, 1st-6th ribs (anterior)
- Insertion - Bicipital groove
- Antagonist - Triceps brachii (long head), Posterior deltoid, Middle deltoid, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Posterior deltoid
- Nerve - Pectoral nerve
What is the Pectoralis minor -
- Muscle group
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Nerve
- Muscle group - Pectorals
- Action - Stabilises the scapula
- Origin - 3rd-5th ribs (anterior)
- Insertion - Coracoid process
- Nerve - Pectoral nerve
What is the Latissimus dorsi -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Shoulder adduction/extension/internal rotation
- Origin - T7-L5, Iliac crest, Inferior angle of scapula, Thoracolumbar fascia
- Insertion - Bicipital groove
- Antagonist - Middle deltoid , Supraspinatus, Anterior deltoid, Biceps brachii, Infraspinatus, Teres minor
- Nerve - Thoracodorsal nerve
What is the Rhomboids -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Scapula retraction
- Origin - T2-T5 (rhomboid major), C7-T1 (rhomboid minor)
- Insertion - Medial border of scapula
- Antagonist - Serratus anterior
- Nerve - Dorsal scapular nerve
What is the Trapezius -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Scapular elevation (upper fibres), Scapular retraction (middle fibres), Scapula depression (lower fibres)
- Origin - Occiput (posterior cranium), C7-T12, Nuchal ligament
- Insertion - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula
- Antagonist - Lower fibres of trapezius, Serratus anterior, Upper fibres of trapezius, Levator scapulae
- Nerve - Accessory nerve
What is the Serratus anterior -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Scapula protraction
- Origin - 1st-9th rib (lateral)
- Insertion - Medial border of scapula
- Antagonist - Rhomboid, Middle fibres of trapezius
- Nerve - Long thoracic nerve
What is the Levator scapulae -
- Action
- Origin
- Insertion
- Antagonist
- Nerve
- Action - Scapula elevation
- Origin - C1-C4
- Insertion - Superomedial border of scapula
- Antagonist - Lower fibres of trapezius
- Nerve - Dorsal scapula nerve
