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Karl Marx
Alienated Labor
How do you feel about Mondays?
You don’t hate Mondays, you hate your job because you are alienated what you’re producing.
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Karl Marx background
Karl Heinrich Marx
May 5th 1818 in trier Rhine province Prussia (germany) may 14 1883 in London England
1818-1883: philosopher and a revolutionary whose works inspired that foundation of many communist regimes in the twentieth century. It is hard to think of many who have had as much influence int he creation fo the modern world. Trained as a philosopher, Marx turned away from philosophy in his mid-twenties, towards economics and politics
Communist Manifesto Das Kapital
basis and body of thought and belief known as Marxism
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father Heinrich was a lawyer a man of the enlightenment
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baptized in the Evangelical Church at age six because his father’s professional career required it
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Marx
Rheinische Zeitung
Became the editor of Rheinische Zeitung
wrote editorials on a variety of social and economic issues ranging from the housing of the Berlin poor and the theft by peasants of wood from the forests to the new phenomenon of communism. he found Hegelian idealism of the little use in these matters. at the same time he was becoming estranged rom his Hegelian friends for whom shocking the bourgeois was sufficient mode of socials activity
made his newspaper the leading journal in Prussia by being friendly to “liberally minded practical men and struggling step by step for freedom within consitiutional limits.
what is marxism?
capitalism can only thrive on the exploitation of the working class. Marxism believes there was a real contradiction between Hunan nature and the way we work in a capitalist society
a theory about the development of society based on the ideas of Marx and Engels (Communist manifesto and das kapital) they used the exploitation of the proletariat at the hands of the bourgeoisie to help explain history and predict what to expect in the future
an economic system proposes there are no classes. the government would control all resources and means of production to in theory ensure equality
Marxism - socialism
socialism is a transition stage to Communism. Socialism stood as an opposition to Capitalism
Marxism posits that the struggle between social classes, specifically between the bourgeoisie, or capitalists, and the proletariat, or workers, defines the development of the state and the bourgeoisie seek to gain control of the factors of productions from the masses.
marxism v capitalism
marxism is a theory is which class struggle is a central element in the analysis of social change in western societies
capitalism is an economic system based ob the private ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods, characterized by a free competitive market and motivation by profit
How does the worker feel under capitalism?
under capitalism, the proletariat the working class or the people own only their capacity to work they have the ability only to sell their own labor. Marx says a class is defined by the relations of its members to the means of production. He proclaimed the history is the chronology of class struggles, wars, and uprisings.
minimum wage
the worker is alienated because he has no control over the labor or product which he produces. The capitalists sell the products produced by the workers at a proportional value as related to the labor involved.
Surplus value is the difference between what the worker is paid and the price for which the product is sold
the increasing immiseration of the proletariat
an increasing immiseration of the proletariat occurs as the result of economic recessions these recessions result because the working class is unable to buy the full product of their labors and the ruling capitalists do not consume all of the surplus value
a proletariat or a socials revolution must occur the state (the means by which the ruling class forcibly maintains rule over the other classes) is a dictatorship of the proletariat. communism evolves from socialism out of this progression:
socialist slogan v communist slogan
the socialist slogan is “from each according to his ability, to each according to his work”
the communist slogan varies thusly “from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs”
Marx trying to understand how capitalist society works
Marx tries to understand how are capitalist society works (for whom it works better, for whom worse) how it arose out of feudalism and were it is likely to lead. Concentrating not he social and economic relations in which people ear their livings Marx saw behind capitalism’s law and order appearance a struggle to two main classes: the capitalists who own the productive resources and the workers or proletariat who must work in order to survive. “Marxism” is essentially Marx’s analysis of the complex and developing relations between these two classes
Four relations that lie at the core of Marl’s theory of alienation
1) the worker is alienating from his or her productive activity, playing no part in deciding what to do or how to do it. the capitalist also sets the conditions and speed of work and even decides if the worker is to be allowed to work or not (hires or fires)
2) the worker is alienated from the product of that activity having no control over what is made or what happens to it, often not even knowing what happens to it once it has left his hands
3) the worker is alienated from other human beings with competition and mutual indifference replacing most forms of cooperation
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