Up and Atom Flashcards
What are the 3 parts to an atom?
Proton, Neutron, Electron.
Where do protons and neutrons lie?
In the nucleus.
What is an isotope?
Atoms which have the same number of protons and atomic number, but the atomic mass varies depending on how many neutrons there are.
What is the atomic number?
How many protons there are in an atom.
What is the atomic mass/mass number?
The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
Elements are made up of one type of atom while compounds are made up of more than one type of atom. Compounds are chemically bonded with a fixed ratio.
How are nuclear reactions caused?
Nuclear reactions are caused by an unstable nucleus resulting in a change in the nucleus by means of radioactive decay.
How are chemical reactions caused?
Caused by making and breaking bonds from the movement of electrons to form new substances.
How is chemical stability achieved?
To achieve chemical stability, an atom or molecule would need to have a full outermost electron shell.
Why is a noble gas unreactive?
Because it has a full outermost shell of electrons, so the nucleus is stronger which makes it harder to react.
What is half life?
The time taken for the radioactivity of a specific isotope to fall to half of its original size/value.
What is radioactivity?
An event where the nucleus decays from a more energetic state to another.
What is the difference between longitudinal and transverse waves?
Longitudinal waves bump sideways into each other, transverse waves go up and down.
What is displacement?
How far an object has moved from a reference point.
What is the wave equation?
V = -\ f (velocity = wavelength x frequency)
