Body talk Flashcards
What are the senses and where are the receptors in a human?
Vision - Retina in the eye
Smell - Olfactory receptor in the lining of the nose
Pressure - Heat and pain receptors in the skin
Sound - Mechanoreceptors in hair cells of the inner ear
Taste - Taste buds on the tongue
What is a stimuli?
Anything that can trigger a physical or behavioral change e.g., heat causes sweating.
What is a receptor?
A cell or group of cells that receive stimuli.
What is an effector?
A muscle, gland or organ capable of responding to a stimulus.
What is a neuron?
Fundamental units of the brain and nervous system. (Smallest building block of cells)
What is the nervous system needed for?
Multicellular organisms need the nervous system for fast and simple responses such as reflexes and body movement.
What is the endocrine system used for?
Multicellular organisms need the endocrine system for slow and more complex responses such as growth and structural changes.
What is myelin?
A protective layer which is formed around nerves.
What are dendrites?
Appendages which are designed to receive communications from other neurons.
What does axon do?
Axon conducts electronical impulses known as action potential.
What is the synapse?
The connection between two nerve cells. Axon transmit chemical impulses where neurotransmitters go between the synaptic gap.
What is the CNS?
The Central Nervous System is made up of the brain and brain stem spinal cord.
What is the PNS?
The Peripheral Nervous System consists of nerves that connect the spinal cord to the rest of the body.
What is the motor neuron, sensory neuron and the inter neuron?
Motor - Controls effectors.
Sensory - receives information from receptors.
Inter - Creates a connection between the motor neuron, sensory neuron and spinal cord.
What is the endocrine system?
The endocrine system is made up of glands that make hormones (the body’s chemical messengers which carry information and instructions from one set of cells to another).
