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NYCC Chiro Theories > Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1 (51) > Flashcards

Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1 (51) Flashcards

1
Q

_____ research links non-musculoskeletal (visceral) effects with spinal joint dysfunction
a. Lantz
b. Denslows
c. Korrs
d. Illis

A

Korrs

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2
Q

All of the following are the same condition EXCEPT
a. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
b. Complex regional pain syndrome
c. Reflexalgia
d. Causalgia

A

Reflexalgia

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3
Q

___ refers to complete transaction of the nerve where recovery is unlikely without surgical nerve repair
a. Nerve irritation
b. Neurotemesis
c. Neuropraxia
d. Axonotemesis

A

Neurotemesis

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4
Q

Axoplasmic transport that moves substances towards the cell body _____
a. Bidirectional axoplasmic transport
b. Central axoplasmic transport
c. Anterograde axoplasmic transport
d. Retrograde axoplasmic transport

A

Retrograde axoplasmic transport

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5
Q

Which of the following is correct regarding the effects of immobilization degeneration on the nucleus purposes of the IVD
a. Decrease in osteophyte formation
b. Increase in waste removal from the disc
c. Loss of fluid exchange through the endplates
d. Increase in disc height

A

Loss of fluid exchange through the endplates

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6
Q

The _____ assumes that the pain/disability is a complex physical and subjective phenomenon that consists of a host of factors
a. Vitalism
b. Biopsychosocial model of pain
c. Therapeutic conservatism
d. Neurodystrophic hypothesis

A

Biosychsocial model of pain

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7
Q

Which of the following refers to pain resulting from stimuli that are normally painless
a. Nociception
b. Allodynia
c. Hypoalgesia
d. Hyperalgesia

A

Allodynia

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8
Q

Spinal joint lesions that may trigger facilitation induced reflexes that impair or disturb visceral function describes which hypothesis
a. Viscerosomatic
b. Somatovisceral
c. Neurosomatic
d. Somatosomatic

A

Somatovisceral

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9
Q

The ___ model of patient care places the patient first and acknowledges that people with similar presentations may not need the same treatment
a. Medical
b. Traditional
c. Biopsychosocial
d. Disease

A

Biopsychosocial

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10
Q

Increased excitability of nociceptive neurons in the CNS
a. Deafferentation
b. Central sensitization
c. Peripheral sensitization
d. Subluxation

A

central sensitization

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11
Q

Vascular compression can lead to which of the following
a. Increase waste removal
b. Swelling and increased pressure
c. Venous congestion
d. Microvalvular or focal ischemia

A

Venous congestion
Microvalvular or focal ischemia

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12
Q

The 3 stages of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) include?
a. Dysafferrentiation
b. Dystrophic
c. Acute
d. Atrophic

A

Dystrophic
Acute
Atrophic

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13
Q

Which of the following is responsible for venous drainage of the spine?
a. Segmental arteries
b. Crenlins plexus
c. Carotid plexus
d. Baston’s plexus

A

Baston’s plexus

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14
Q

According to Crenlins research the nerve roots occupy at most _____ of the foraminal space
a. 75%
b. 60%
c. 50%
d. 30%

A

50%

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15
Q

Vitalism refers to
a. Humans are a collection of separate parts
b. Autonomy and dignity
c. First do no harm
d. The healing power of nature

A

The healing power of nature

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16
Q

_____ is a state of optimal well being including spiritual, physical, mental, emotional and environmental
a. Vis medicatrix nature
b. Innate
c. Sympatheticotonia
d. Health

A

Health

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17
Q

A segmental joint dysfunction having a reflexive sympathetic effect on the digestive function would be an example of which type of reflex
a. Viscerosomatic
b. Viscerautonome
c. Somatovisceral
d. Somatosomatic

A

Somatovisceral

18
Q

____ is a localized conduction block with intact axons, usually resulting a contusion injury
a. Neurontomesis
b. Neuropraxian
c. Axontemesis
d. Nerve irritation

A

Neuropraxian

19
Q

Which of the following is defined as an “imbalance in afferents input such that there is an increase in nociceptor input and a decrease in mechanoreceptor input
a. Nociception
b. Afferentiation
c. Deafferentiation
d. Dysafferentation

A

Dysafferentation

20
Q

All of the following except ____ are thought to be to contribute to the sensitization of local nociceptors
a. Lipase
b. Histamine
c. Substance P
d. Bradykinin

A

Lipase

21
Q

The transport of proteins, glycoproteins, and neurotransmitters may be altered in cases in which the spinal roots or nerves are compressed or irritated by subluxation or facilitation. Which hypothesis is this associated with
a. Neurodystrophic hypothesis
b. Axoplasmic aberration hypothesis
c. Somatovisceral hypothesis
d. Vascular compression hypothesis

A

Axoplasmic aberration hypothesis

22
Q

Restoring motion to a motion segment could have a direct influence on the intrinsic vascular system by: Choose all that apply
a. Restoration of normal vascular function
b. Increasing venous stasis
c. Removing mechanical compression on vessels
d. Clearing out inflammatory exudates

A
  • Resorption of normal vascular function
  • Removing mechanical compression on vessels
  • Clearing out inflammatory exudates
23
Q

___ can result from a crushing injury in which the axon is served, but the endoneurium remains intact
a. Neurotemesis
b. Axonotmesis
c. Nerve irritation
d. Neuropraxia

A

Axonotmesis

24
Q

Which of the following are stages in the general adaptation syndrome?
a. Resistance
b. Acute
c. Exhaustion
d. Dystrophic

A

Resistance
Exhaustion

25
Q

Which of the following looks at a patient as a whole rather than as a collection of separate parts?
a. Reactive model
b. Vitalism
c. Innate model
d. Holism

A

Holism

26
Q

Changes to cartilage during immobilization include which of the following?
a. Decrease in proteoglycans
b. Thickening of the cartilage
c. Increase in water content
d. Fibro-fatty consolidation

A

Decrease in proteoglycans

27
Q

Which of the following is characterized by stabilization and immobilization?
a. VSC phase 3
b. VSC phase 1
c. VSC phase 2
d. VSC phase 4

A

VSC phase 3

28
Q

Radicular symptoms can be produced by which of the following? Select all that apply.
a. Vascular insufficiency
b. Radiculitis
c. Disc herniation
d. Edema

A

Radiculitis
Disc herniation
Edema

29
Q

The general adaptation syndrome is associated with
a. Korr
b. Crenlin
c. Seyle
d. Palmer

A

Seyle

30
Q

Which of the following is NOT correct about the changes to synovial fluid during immobilization
a. Strands of fibrin precipitate
b. Precipitate can become a matric for adhesions
c. Undergoes fibre fatty consolidation
d. Decreases in viscosity

A

Decreases in viscosity

31
Q

Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is associated with fatigue, anxiety, and depression
a. Acute
b. Resistance
c. Exhaustion
d. Atrophic

A

Exhaustion

32
Q

Partial or total fixation or immobilization of the spinal joints especially when combined with trauma, commonly promotes pro-inflammatory changes cartilage and disc destruction, and osteophytic and architectural changes
a. Neurodystrophic model
b. Segmental dysfunction
c. Immobilization degeneration
d. Neural compression model

A

Immobilization degeneration

33
Q

Proposed that nerve irritation causes hyperfunction and pain while nerve compression reduces nerve energy
a. BJ palmer
b. Crenin
c. DD Palmer
d. Hadley

A

DD palmer

34
Q

Intervertebral subluxations may interfere with the normal nerve transmission of nerve energy i.e. action potential, and other associated neural phenomenon by irritating or compressing the spinal nerve roots.
a. Neuroimmune Hypothesis
b. Neuropathology Hypothesis
c. Neurodystrophic Hypothesis
d. Neuroinnate Hypothesis

A

Neuropathology hypothesis

35
Q

____ is/ are associated with elements important to nerves growth (trophic factor)
a. Anterograde axonal transport
b. Retrograde axonal transport
c. Somatovisceral reflexes
d. Somatosomatic reflexes

A

Anterograde axonal transport

36
Q

polymodal nociceptors can be activated by which types of stimulation?
a. Mechanical
b. Thermal
c. Chemical
d. All of the above

A

All of the above
Medanical
Thermal
Chemical

37
Q

The initial fiber that is damaged in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is/are:
a. C fibers
b. Type 1 fibers
c. A fibers
d. Type 2 fibers

A

C fibers

38
Q

Spinal joint tensions may through largely sympathetically mediated influences, modify specific, and nonspecific immune responses and alter trophic functions of the involved nerves
a. Neuropathology Hypothesia
b. Axonal Aberration Hypothesis
c. Neurodystrophic Hypothesis
d. Immobilization Degeneration

A

Neurodystrophic Hypothesis

39
Q

Which of the following following is NOT true about patient centered care
a. Procedures are tailored to the patient
b. The doctor patient relationship is intertwined with the procedures
c. The patient takes a passive role
d. The patient needs guide during the encounter

A

The patient takes a passive role

40
Q

Which of the following is not associated with disease model of patient care
a. Proactive
b. Symptom based
c. Mechanistic
d. Reactive

A

proactive

NYCC Chiro Theories (3 decks)

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