Untitled Deck Flashcards
What are the two categories of matter?
Matter can be classified into pure substances and mixtures.
What is a pure substance?
A pure substance consists of the same type of particles throughout and has a uniform composition.
Can you give an example of a pure substance?
Copper wire is a pure substance; it consists only of copper particles.
What is a mixture?
A mixture consists of two or more pure substances that can be blended together in any ratio.
Can you give an example of a mixture?
A mixture of salt and sugar can be created by placing them in a bottle and shaking it.
What are the two types of pure substances?
Pure substances can be either elements or compounds.
What is an element?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions.
Can you name some solid elements?
Examples of solid elements include sodium, magnesium, copper, iron, gold, silver, and potassium.
What are some gaseous elements at room temperature?
Examples of gaseous elements include hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorine.
What are elements made up of single atoms?
Many elements, such as carbon (C), aluminium (Al), and sodium (Na), are made up of single atoms.
What are diatomic molecules?
Diatomic molecules consist of pairs of atoms joined together, such as hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), and oxygen (O2).
What is a compound?
A compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements, bonded in a fixed ratio by a chemical reaction.
Can compounds be broken down?
Yes, compounds can be broken down into simpler substances (elements) using chemical methods.
What is an example of a compound?
Sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly known as table salt, is an example of a compound.
What is the formula for water?
The formula for water is H2O, consisting of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
What is the ratio of hydrogen and chlorine in hydrochloric acid?
In hydrochloric acid (HCl), the ratio of hydrogen to chlorine is 1:1.
What is the common name for sodium chloride?
The common name for sodium chloride is table salt.
