Untitled Deck Flashcards
What surrounds the renal artery to supply the kidney?
The renal plexus of nerves.
From where are the fibers of the renal plexus derived?
- Celiac plexus
- Lowest thoracic splanchnic nerve
- First lumbar splanchnic nerve
Where do the sympathetic fibers of the renal plexus synapse?
At the aortorenal ganglia.
Where do preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the vagus nerve synapse to supply the kidneys?
In the terminal ganglia.
What is the origin of the preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the bladder?
- IML (T12–L2)
- Sacral splanchnic nerves
What is the origin of the postganglionic sympathetic fibers of the bladder?
Inferior hypogastric plexus.
What is the origin of preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the bladder?
- Sacral parasympathetic nerves (S2–S4)
- Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Where do the parasympathetic fibers synapse of bladder?
In the terminal ganglia.
What innervates the upper two-thirds of the ureter?
Nerve branches from the aortorenal plexus, with innervation similar to the kidney.
What innervates the lower one-third of the ureter?
Nerve branches from the inferior hypogastric plexus, with innervation similar to the bladder.
Which urethral sphincter is involuntary?
The internal urethral sphincter.
Which urethral sphincter is voluntary?
The external urethral sphincter.
What are the origins of parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the kidneys and abdominal organs?
Vagus nerve (CN X): Travels through the celiac plexus.
S2–S4 segments (pelvic splanchnic nerves): Travels through the inferior mesenteric plexus and inferior hypogastric plexus.
Through which plexus do parasympathetic fibers from the vagus nerve pass?
The celiac plexus.
Through which plexuses do parasympathetic fibers from S2–S4 pass?
The inferior mesenteric plexus and inferior hypogastric plexus.
