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Science > Unti 4-5 Genetics > Flashcards

Unti 4-5 Genetics Flashcards

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1
Q

_____________ contain two X chromosomes

___________ contain a X and Y chromosomes

A

Females

Males

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2
Q

A ______________ trait hides a ____________ trait

A

Dominant

Recessive

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3
Q

A __________ condition has the same alleles

A

Homozygous

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4
Q

T or F

Less males than females have red green color blindness.

A

False

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5
Q

Tallness is the ________ for TT

A

Phenotype

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6
Q

In order to be affected by color blindness, a female must inherit ____ alleles for the disease.

A

2

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7
Q

_____________ material passes from parent to offspring during reproduction.

A

Heredity

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8
Q

Physical characteristics of an organism are called _______

A

Traits

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9
Q

___________ is the study of how traits are passed from parent to parent

A

Genetics

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10
Q

Each gene of a gene pair is called an _______

A

Allele

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11
Q

What is the difference between a dominant trait and a recessive trait?

A

Dominant trait hides a recessive one
Dominant trait has one or two copies of the allele to show up
And recessive needs two alleles for it to show up.

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12
Q

Where are genes located?

A

Chromosomes

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13
Q

What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?

A

Genes are segments of DNA located in the chromosomes of each cell

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14
Q

A _________ _________ is used to illustrate how allele of parents might be passed on to their offspring.

A

Punned square

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15
Q

A __________ is a diagram of family relationships that includes several generations.

A

Pedigree

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16
Q

Why are more males color blind than females?

A

Males only need one allele from the mother to be color blind, while females need an allele from both the mother and father

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17
Q

Blood type is an example of a trait inherited through _________ ______

A

Multiple alleles

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18
Q

Hemophilia is an example of a _______ _________ disorder.

A

Sex-linked

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19
Q

Height, hair color, eye color, and skin color result from _________________________.

A

Polygenic inheritance ( or multiple alleles )

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20
Q

A red flowering plant is crossed with a white flowering plant to produce pink flowering plants. This is an example of _________

A

Incomplete dominance.

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21
Q

_________ _____________ results when the phenotype of the heterozygous is an intermediate between the phenotype of the homozygous plant.

A

Incomplete dominance

22
Q

An organism that had t who of the same allele for a trait is considered to be ________ or _______

A

Homozygous or purebread

23
Q

The study of how a gene affects he traits of an offspring is called ____________.

A

Genetics

24
Q

The only way a ___________ trait can show up in a phenotype is if the allele in the genotype are the same.

A

Recessive.

25
Q

_________ ________ occurs when groups of gene pairs act together to produce a single trait.

A

Polygenic inheritance

26
Q

___________ ________ occurs when more than two allele exist for a trait.

A

Multiple allele

27
Q

Pedigree
What does the square, circle mean.
What’s the difference between the shaded and non shaded and half shaded

A 
Person is male
Person is female
Has the trait/ disorder
They don't have it
They are carriers
28
Q

Involves the child’s brain and nervous system deteriorating and has no known treatment

A

Yay Sachs

29
Q

Causes red blood cells to be present shaped which can cause the red blood cells to stick to blood vessels

A

Sickle cell

30
Q

Causes an inability in the body to break down phenylalanine and has a treatment in which involves a little portion diet
(PKU)

A

Phenylketonuria

31
Q

Hey symptoms that include week connective tissue’s in the heart and Skelton enlarged aorta, curved Spine and dislocated eye lenses.

A

Marian syndrome

32
Q

Usually has its own set during middle age and has symptoms including mood swings irritability memory loss and uncontrolled movements

A

Huntington disease.

33
Q

Causes blood not to clot

A

Hemophilia

34
Q

Has symptoms including mental retardation flattened face and nose protruding tongue and slanted eyes

A

Down syndrome

35
Q

Is a recessive disorder that causes lung problems

A

Cystic fibrosis

36
Q

A different version of a gene

A

Alleles

37
Q

Both alleles in a heterozygous individual contribute to the phenotype

A

Codominance

38
Q

The allele contribute to the phenotype if one or two of the copies are present in the genotype. Cover or mask the appearance of the other allele for that trait

A

Dominant

39
Q

Segments of DNA found in chromosomes that give instructions for producing a certain characteristic

A

Genetics

40
Q

The combination of alleles that you inherit from your parents

A

Genotype

41
Q

The passing of genetic material from parent to offspring

A

Heredity

42
Q

To have different alleles

Hybrid

A

Heterozygous

43
Q

Same alleles

Pure

A

Homozygous

44
Q

Each allele in a heterozygous individual influences the phenotype

A

Incomplete dominance

45
Q

More than two alleles exist for a trait

A

Multiple alleles

46
Q

Traces the occurrence of a trait through generations of a family

A

Pedegree

47
Q

Your observable traits

A

Phenotype

48
Q

Groups of gene pairs act together to produce a single trait

A

Polly genic inheritance

49
Q

Graphic used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring in a given cross

A

Punnets square

50
Q

Homozygous to dominant or to recessive

A

Purebred

51
Q

Alleles contribute to the phenotype if both copies of it are present our scene only one both alleles are ___________.

A

Recessive

52
Q

A special class of inherited disorders that are associated with an allele on a sex chromosome

A

Sex linked gene

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