Unknown Technical Lexis Flashcards
Allegory
A story with an underlying meaning
Consonance
Repetition of consonants
Anthropomorphism
Animal takes on characteristics like a human
Amplification
Adding more information
End-stopped lines
Lines end with punctuation
Fricatives
Repetition of consonants where air is impeded
E.g. ‘th’, ‘f’, ‘v’
Synaesthesia
Imagery combining the senses
Periodic sentence
Begins with a series of subordinate phrases and clauses then ending with a forceful independent clause
Cumulative sentence
Begins with independent clause and ends with series of phrases or clauses
Absolute language
Language with no ‘middle ground’
Suggests confidence
Declarative sentence
Makes a statement
Similar to absolute language
Conditional sentence
A sentence that focuses on a question of truth or fact
Parallel structure/ parallelism
A set of similarly structured words, phrases or clauses that appears in a sentence or paragraph. For emphasis of equal ideas
Juxtaposition
Placing two ideas, words of images side by side so their closeness gives a new, or ironic, meaning
Anadiplosis
A type of repetition where the last word of a sentence becomes the first word of the next sentence and so on
Shows unity of thought
Epanalepsis
A sentence where the beginning and end words are the same
Epistrophe
A type of repetition where the words at the end of the sentence are repeated
Trope
Referring to one thing as another
E.g. metaphors, similes, metonymy
Antanaclasis
Repetition of a word in two different senses
Paronomasia
Using words that sound alike but differ in meaning
Malapropism
A confused use of words where one appropriate word is replaced by another, often with an inappropriate meaning
Litotes
Understatement used deliberately
Paradox
A contradictory statement that contains a measure of truth
Parenthesis
Insertion of a verbal unit that interrupts normal syntactical flow
Ellipsis
Omission of one or more words
Chiasmus
ABBA structure
Two corresponding pairs in inverse order
Hyperbaton
Inversion of word order or separation of words that belong together
Ploce
Repetition of a single word for rhetorical emphasis
Abstract noun
Name of an idea, concept, state of being or belief
Proper noun
A naming word for a specific example of a common noun
E.g. Eiffel tower
Stative verb
A word that represents a mental process
E.g. think
Auxiliary verb
A verb that has to be used with another verb to create a present participle or future tense
E.g. will, did
Definite article
‘The’
Indefinite article
‘A’ or ‘an’
Pronoun
A word that takes the place of a noun in the sentence
E.g. him
First person pronoun
‘I’
Demonstrative pronoun
‘This’
‘That’
‘Those’
Possessive pronoun
‘My’
‘Mine’
‘Our’
Form
The structure and shape of text
Hypophora
When a rhetorical question is immediately followed by an answer
Allusion
To refer to something indirectly or metaphorically
Semantic
Meaning of words
Field specific lexis
Language of a certain area
Homophone
Words that sound the same when read aloud
Homonym
One word has multiple meanings
Archaism
A word that has fallen out of common usage
Binary opposites
Words at either end of notional scale
Collocations
Words that just go together due to common usage
Phonological features
Devices relating to sound
E.g. alliteration
Exposition
The part of a story involving all the parts of a character before the plot begins. Avoid doing so through dialogue
Anti-hero
A protagonist who isn’t always morally virtuous but has enough qualities to be endearing to the reader
Mimesis
Replicating for example, the short, gasping breath of the protagonist with short, sharp words and aspirant alliteration
Neologism
Newly invented word
Portmanteau
A newly invented word formed by merging words together
Denotation
The literal meaning of words
Euphemism
The polite way to say something not normally considered socially appropriate
Dysphemism
An unnecessarily extreme way of saying something
Quatrain
A four-line verse
Sestet
A six-line verse
Orthography
The method of spelling/ correct spelling
‘Non-standard orthography’ is words from the past in comparison to how we spell them today
Etymology
The origin of a word or the history of how it came to be
Anachronistic
Language that seems out of time
Inverted syntax
Shift in the order of words to change the weighting of the sentence
