Units And Measurements Flashcards by Uday Vidudala

How many fundamental quantities

7 which are independent fromnothers
Length m
Mass kg
Time s
Temperature k
Current amp
Luminous intensity candela
Mole of the substance mole

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Supplemenyary physical quantities

Plain angle d teta circle
Arc length/ radius units radians
Solid angle d omega
Spehere area of the arc
Area of arc / radius square units steradian

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Relationship bte degree and radian

180° = π radin
1 radina is equal to 57 °

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System of units

System length mass time
Fps britis foot pound sec
Cgs metric fren 1957 centi gram sec
Mks/ si giorge 1971 metre kg sec

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Decimeter

1/10 metre 100 cm is decimeter
1/100 metre centi 10 milli
1/1000 metre one milli

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Micro meter/ micron

10 ^-6 one millionth metre
10^ -3 milli metres
One million 10 laqhs
One billion 100 crores

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The size of polythene bags expressed in

Microns
The size of bacteria expressed in microns

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Nano metre

10 ^ -9 mts
One billonth metre
One crore 7 zeros

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Angstrom unit

10 ^-10 mts. 10 ^-8 cms
Atomic radius is measured by angstorm unit

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Pico meter

1 pm = 10 ^ -12

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1 Fermi

10 ^ -15 mts.
Nuclear reactor, radius of nucleaus of an atom is measured or expressed by fermi
Nick name of fermi smallest unit for measuring the distance

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The largest unit for meausring the distance

Parsec
1 parsec = 3.26 light years.
Light year
The distance travelled by the light during one year is called light year
One light year 9.46 *10 ^ 12 kms
9.46 * 10 ^15 mts
6.33 *10 ^4 astronomical

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Speed of the light in vaccum

3 lkh km per second
3 * 10 ^ 8 m / s
3* 10 ^ 5 km / s
186287 miles per second

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Astronomical unit

The distance bt centre of the sun and centre of the earth is called astronomical unit
1 astronomical unit = 149.6 million km
15 crores km
1 million 10 lkh 6 zeros
1 crore 7 zeros
1 billion 100 crores 9 zeros
Ncert 1.496*10^11 mts

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One mile

1.6 km 1600 mts

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One nautical mile

1.8 kms
1852 mts
The surface of the sea expressed in nautical miles

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One inch

2.54 cms
12 inch = 1 feet
1 yard = 3 feet
1 fathom= 6 feets
1.8288 mts

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Fatho meter

Is used to measure the depth of the seas or oceans

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Altimeter

To measure the height

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1 cent

48 yard
1 acr= 4840 yards
1 hector = 2.5 acrs =10000 m2
100 ares

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Irregular areas measured by

Graph

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1 barrel

159 litres

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1 gallon

4.54 litres
1 inch 2.54 cm

Tmc

Thousand million cubic feets
Used for water storage capacity expressed in tmc in the reservoir

Cusec

Cubic feets per second The rate of flow of water expressed in cusec

The volume of irregular objects measured using

Measuring cylinders

Mass

Platinum + iridium France 1889 0 ° c

One pound

453 gms. Or 450

One kg

2.2 pounds

One table spoon

4.2 gms

One ounce

28.35 gm

Smallest unit for mass

Amu( atomic mass unit) C12 /12 mass of carbon/12

Largest unit for mass

Chandra sekhar limit 1.4 * mass of sun

Mass of sun

2*10^30

Mass of earth

6 *10^ 24

Mass of moon

7 * 10 ^22

Conventions of masses

Milli centi deci gram deca hecta kilo (-) ____________ _________________(+)

Smallest unit for time

Nano sec 10 ^ -9 Shake =10^-8

Largest unit measure for time

Cosmic year Sun revolves around milk way Sun speed 300 km / sec The time taken Sun to revolve around the milky Way galaxy is called cosmic year 1 cosmic 250 million years 25 crores years

Measuring the time used mostly accurately

Atomic clockes Made up of ceasium (55)

The purity of milk measured with

Lactometer

The working principles of lacho meter and submarine

Laws of floatation

Tachometer

Rpm Odometer is distance( the distance covered by the vehicle Speedometer in bikes ( to know the speed of the vehicle Purity of gold 1 carrot 1 carrot - 200 milligrams

The density of gases maximum at which

Density prop to mass inversely to volume At low temperature and high pressure

Substance density Water 1 g/ cc Ice 0.9 g/ cc Kerosene 0.8 g /cc Wood 0.7 g /cc Alcohol 0.79 g / cc Hg Mercury 13.6 g /cc Iron 7.8 g/ cc Copper 8.9 Gold 19.3 Platinum 24 Air 1.29 *10 ^-3 0.0012 H 8.9 * 10 -^5

Who state laws of floatation

Archimedes 1 if the density of the object greater than the density of liquid then the object sink 2 if the density of the object less than the density of the liquid then the object floats

Deniity of water

1 gm/ cc Ice cube 0.9 gm/ cc

Density of alochol

0.78 gm cc

Nail in mercury

Floats. Because iron has 7.86 But mercury has 13.6

Density of iron

7.86

Gold

19.29 Silver 10.5 Diamond 3.51 Platinum 21.5

Earth density

5.515 gm /cc Saturn 0.625

Compare sea and river water density

Sea water more dense than the river water It is easier to swim in sea water Dense of sea -

Relative density or specific density

Relative has no units remember Density of substance/ density of water at 4° Refractive index Mark number Relative permeability Magnetic susceptibility

Relative density of liquids measured by

Hydrometer Humidity hygrometer

The density Water density max at4°

Because the volume of water min at 4° Reason When we heat water in the boil kinda heat istunte heat perigi 4 ° dagara bowl expand avvudii avvagane volume of water kindaki diguddii apude

Ureka is a word first coined by

Archimedes, Archimedes principle Bowl teskunadu with water, 10 rs coin vesadu asalu kali ledu water padipokunda ah water ni collect chesi baruvu chusaru Coin weight Is equal to the water displaced weight