Light Flashcards
Study of light
Optics, light travelled in the form of transverse ways, emw
Velocity of light in vaccum 3 lkh km/ sex
Distance bt sun and earth 15 crore that is travelled in 8 mins sun rays coming to earth fastest moving
186287 miles per second
Velocity of light measured by
Romar
Corposecular theory
Newton
First theory of light
Light travelled in the form of particles ,
Velocity of light more in denser than rarer but now present light is more in rarer and less in denser
Wave theory of light
Huygens
In the form of waves
More in rarer and less in denser
Light required medium called eather
Electro magnetic theory of light
Maxwell, light does not required medium for their propogation
Quantum theory of light
Max Planck, travelled in the form of packets pr bundles,
Modern theory of light
It has dual nature
Particle and wave.
Light doesn’t require any medium for their propogation
Velocity of light more in rarer medium lesser than rarer medium
Vaccum> gases>liquids>solids
Light travels more
Vaccum >gases>liquids>solids
Above the method we can identify the which is denser and which is rarer hence by comparing two of it in which medium light has travelled more is called rarer and which medium it has travelled less called denser
Infra red rays
Proposed by harshals
Physiotherapy
Tv remote
Taking photos in dark
Released from hot bodies sun heater welding machine soldering gun, it rays will be released
Bolometer is used to detect the it rays
Sunglass or cooling glass observe the ir
rays
Rock salt glass not absorb the ir rays
Microwave
Discovered by hertz
Used in micro oven
Artificial communication system, radar
Magnatron is used to detect the micro waves,
Radar radio detection and ranging
UnIdentified objects are detected by the radar
Radio waves
Radio waves are discovered by marconi
Radio waves used in Wireless telecommunication system
Uv rays
Ultra violet rays
Proposed by ritter,
To detect Fake currency and fake documents
Uv rays emits from the hot objects like sun and hot weldings. Direct uv rays are protect by ozone layer dabson discovered
Depletion of ozone layer paramin identified
Freon gas is used as Coolant in rfrig and acs ccl2f2
Dichloro difloro methane
October 16 world Food day
Ozone mixed in mineral water
X rays
X rays are discovered by rantajen
X rays ante unknown
Edo anukunte edo rays vachai so let us x
Soft x rays radio graphy
Hard x rays to check the luggages in airport
To check metal quality
Gamma rays
Henry becqueral
They high penetrating power
X rays are used in cancer treatment to kill the cancer cells
Thery are generally emitted at the time of nuclear explosion black hole formation
Reflection of the light
The bouncing back of the light within a same medium when light falls on the same medium in different direction
Laws of reflection I, n, r are in same plane
Angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection
Mirrors are 2 types
Plain
Spherical
Plain mirror
Inside and outside of the plain mirror
Outside the mirror what we laid is called object and what we laid inside the mirror Is called image
Oka object kanipisthundi ante rendu jaragali, chair kanipisthundi ante light padthundi dani meda light padithe adi absorb cheskokunda reflect cheyali apude avi na eyes dagariki vachi cherithe apuduu naku kanipinchinattu
Konni lakshalu vasthaii alanti rays kani
Rendu rays teskunta
Incident ray, incident ray plain mirror meds vesa ante emaidddi adi reflect ayyiii venakki vasthadii ala reflect aina rays anni ekkadiathe meet avuthayaoo akkade image form avuddii
Virtual and erected images means
If images are formed inside the mirror called virtual and erected images
Our images not formed on formed it formed certain distance so it is called virtual and erect ( midya and nituruga unna images)
If the images are formed outside the mirror called
Real and invert images, nija mariyu talakindulu
In plain mirrors always formed
Virtual and erected images are formed
Lateral inversion images are formed ( left right and right light are formed)
Total 11 alphabets are symmertrical
A HIMO TUVWXYZ
A person stands in front of plane mirror 6 feets the minimum heightbof thr required to complete images is half of the object
In a plain mirror a man running towards to the mirror or away from the mirror the velocity v
In mirror it appears 2v
If 2 plane mirrors kept with some angle the number of reflections formed are
N= 360 / angle
If even number came then do even-1
If odd came no problem it’s odd number
Periscope
Reflection of light waves on a plain mirror is called periscope
Refcted rays anevi incident ray anedi palin mirror loki velthundi akkada nundi neruga mana human eye ki reach avhthundi danne periscope ani antaru
Spherical mirrors
It’s look like a globe cut one side danni ela aina use cheskovachu convex or concave, cocave outside pootha poosthe danni concave guha la untadiii, okavela lopala pootha pusam anukoo danni convex antaruuu manam ela aina marchukovachu annamataa
Concave mirror and convex mirror
Outside concave
Inside convex
Both has centre ( imaginary lo undi kabatti dani centre of curvature ani antaru , every sphere has a centre called centre of curvature p and pole
Centre of curvature and pole ni kaluputhu oka line geestam danni principle axis ani antam, centre of curvature and pole ki madyalo focus ani anukuntamu, so general c to p called radius of curvature, focus and pole and called focal length
Images formed by the concave mirror
If the images kept in infinity distance the object image formed at focus, if the object kept behind c image formed between c and f
If the object is kept at c the image formed on c only
If the object kept between c and f the images formed behind the c
If the object is kept on the foci, the image formed at infinite distance
If the object is kept between f and p then the image formed inside the mirror
Uses of concave mirror
Torch light
Search light
Solar cookers
Makeup mirror
Shaving mirror
Vehicles headlight.
Dentist ent doctor.
Anothers name of concave mirror concave mirror
Images formed by the convex mirror
Only two cases
If object kept at infinity outside of the mirror image formed at foci
If object kept near to the mirror the image formed between pole and foci
Rear view mirror of the vehicles, side view mirror,
What ever image formed inside virtual and erect
Whatever image formed outside the image called real and invert
Refraction of light
Light travels in straight line danne rectilinear propogation antaru , konni konni light bend ayi travel chestafi, the bending of light or change the direction of light when enters one medium to another medium
That is called refraction of light
Cool drink lo straw pettinapufuu vanginattu kanipisthadi
Hand fingers ni lopaliki pettinapufuu pottiga kanipisthundi
Swimming pool length takkuva ga unnati,
Coin lopala veste paiki unnattu anipisthadi,
Disti nimmakalayani vestaru water lo vesthe peddaga kanipisthaffi daniki reason adhey
Air water ki madya inter face undi oka imaginary line perdicular ga geesa, torch light incident ray vesa, when light enters air to water then the refracted ray bend towrds the normal,
Refraction
Angle of uncidence greater than angle of refraction, rarer to deser medium
Ala kaunda nenu jebulo torch light petkoni kinda water lo ki poyi akkada nundi air loki light veste light travels from denser to rarer apuduu emaidddi ante normal geesukuntam kada imaginary line daniki away ga pothundi, ah time lo incident ray is less than the refracted ray when light enters denser to rarer
Laws of refraction
I n r in same plane
Snells law, sin I / sin r
What is refractive index
How much bending of the light one medium to another
Rafractive index
Air 1.0003( 3
Water 1.3( 2.25
Glass 1.5( 2
Diamond 2.42(1.2
Diamond has high refractive index
Diff between convex and concave lens
Covex both are curved outwards
Middle part thick, edhes thin
Converging lens, concave mirror converging mirror so convex lens convergin
Positive lens
Concavr both are curved inwards, middle part thin and edges thick
Concave lens are diverging lens
Negative lens
Interference of the light
Oka light pothunte dani place loki inkoti velluddi light ways okadanitho okati involve ainapuduu different different colours vasthai,
Beautiful colours seen on a soap bubbles and oil films
Diffraction of light
Light bend avuddi ani anukunam refraction lo edges dagara
Edges of the doors and windows nundi lopalaiki ravadam chusthuntam danne diffraction antam,
Cd meda different colours kanipisthaii danne manma diffraction antam
Beautiful colours on CD
Scatterinh of light
Indian scientist sir cv raman 1928 feb 26 . He explained the scattering of light known as raman effect he got noble prize in 1930 , em cheppadu ante
This sky appears as blue in colour
The clouds appear as white in colour
Sun appears brilliant red colour before dawn and dusk
The sky appears black in colour when it is seen from the space,
Disperssion of kight
When a ray travells through prism then split into 7 colurs
Violet most dangerous to human eye
Indigo deoes not appear in rainbow
Blue highly scattered colour.
Green peace and happiness to human eyes
Yellow middle colour
Red highest wavelength
Kinda nundi oaiki velthunatunaouduu energy peruguddii and wavelength kuda peruguddiiia kani velocity anedi annitlo equal ga untadii
Exact shape of rainbow is spherical shape, only observed by the pilots
Water bubble act as a prism
It is formed opposite to the sun
Primary rainbow, 42 ° tho padithe
Light anedi oka medium nundi inko medium loki vellali ante first refraction jaragali, okasari total internal reflection jaruguthundi, jarigina tarvatha 7 colours la split avuthundi,
Vibgyor,
1 refraction
2 total internal reflection
3 dispersion jaruguthundi
Secondary rainbow
Okasari refraction jaruguthundi
2 times total internal reflection jaruguthundi tarvatha 7 colours firm avuthai vibgyor kinda nundi kakunda pain nundi vasthai
Total internal reflection
Light enters from denser medium to rarer medium
The angle of incidence greater than the critical angle
Mirages
Diamond glitters
working of endoscopy notlo pipe vestaruu gastric pootha posinda leda chustharu
Kelanoscopy
Working of opticak fibre invented by pm Narendra singh kapani
Polarization of light
Non polarised light can be convertrr into polarised light, with the help of polaroids it can be split into any direction,
Polarised glasses travels in one direction
Non polarised travels in different direction
The concept used in 3 d pictures
Holography
Light traveeled in the form of transsverse waves
What images are formed in microscope
Colours are 2 types
Primary
Secondary
Green meganta.
Blue yellow.
Red cyan
General manager ki accident aithe valla office boy vachi red cells ekkinchadu
Complementary colour of green
Meganta
Complementary colour of blue.
Yellow
Complementary colour of the red
Cyan
When red colour rose seen in blue or green colour light it appears as a black
Microscope
Simple antony waana lewan hoek
Convex lens single
Virtual erected magnified.
Compound
Concex lens 2
Virtual inverted and magnified
Telescope
Astronomical telescope
Convex lens 2 .
Virtual inverted and magnified
Terristrial telescope.
Convex lens 3
Virtual
Erected
Diminihed
