Modern Physics Flashcards
Radioactivity
Down lo 1 to 118 untai endukante kinda rasedi atomic number, kinda una value ni batti no of protons chepochu,
Atomic number denoted by Z
Oka atom enni aithe protons untayo anne elctrona untai, , paina unna danni atomic mass or wight antamu, A tho denote chestamu, protons + neutrons
Sodium 11 and 23
Radioactivity
The self disintegrating emission of radiation having the atomic number more than 82 , this radiation consists of alpha beeta gamma rays, instability valla
lead 82 okadanitho okati, stable ga undavu,
83 to 118
Natural radioactivity discovered by Henry bequeral
Artificial radioactivity discovered by madam irine cutie and her husband fedrick joliate.
Radium discovered by madam curie and peri curie
Units of radioactivity
Curie = 3.7 * 10 ^10
Rf 10 power 6 sec
Bq 1 decay sec
Largest curie
Smallest bq
When alpha ray released from the radio activity then the atomic number
Decreases 2 units and atomic mass decreases 4 units
When b ray released from the from the radio activity
Atomic number increased one unit and atomic mass has no change
What is the end product of radioactivity
Lead
Instruments used for radioactivity
Geiger Muller counter
Scinitllation
Bubble chamber
Cloud chamber
Def of alpha rays
Double ionisation of helium particle are called alpha rays
He ++
10 power 7
Positive
Ionisation alpha greater
Deflection
Electric field deflection towards negative
Magnetic field towards north
Def beta rays
Elctorons e b rays antru, nothing but electrons
Gamma rays
Gamma rays are electro magnetic rays with radioactivity
3* 10 ^ 8
This is the speed of light
Radioactivity series
A 3
Actinuim series 4n + 3
U 2
Uranium 4n+2
N 1
Neptonium 4n +1
T 0
Thorium 4n + 0
Neptonium is Artificial remaining natural
End product lead
Isotope
The atoms of same element s having same atomic number but different mass number
Protium
Deuterium
Tritium
Applications
Sodium isotope to detect the blood clotting place in human body
Iodine isotope, 53 to know the function of the thyroid gland
Cobalt isotope release gamma rays
In cancer treatment to kill the cancer cells because they have high penetration power
Onions and potateoes, to kill bacteria
Carbon dating to know the ages of tres , fossils
Uranium dating it is used to know the age rocks and mountains.
Isobar
Atoms of different elements having diff atomic number but same atomic mass.
Isotone
The atoms their nucleus having same number of neutrons,
Nuclear fission
Ottohann and strassmann
When a small neutron bomraded with heavy neucleus then it split it into 2 equal masses of nuclei and releases of heat energy is called nuclear fission
Oka chinna neutron bomarded with heavy uranium nuclear then 3 neutons split vuthai alage high energy 200 mev release avuddii
Uncorollabke chain reaction
Stalin movie example
Atom bomb
Robert Oppenheimer
The working principles of atom bomb nuclear fission
Uncountable chain reaction
Hirosima small boy
Nagasaki fat boy
Nuclear reactor
Comtrollble chain reaction
It converts nuclear energy into electrical energy
Nuclear reactor
Invented by fermi
Working principle of nuclear reactor comtrollble chain reactions
It converts nuclear energy into electrical energy
4 parts.
Fuel rods
Moderators
Control rods.
Shielding
Nuclei pedda nucleus tho bombard ainapuduu 3 nucleus kinda divide aithe vatini control rods use chesii vati speed ni taggistam
