Units 6-10

Question 1

Annual Motions

Answer 1

the movements of the stars repeat every year

Question 2

Ecliptic

Answer 2

The path the sun traces across the celestial sphere; plane of earth’s orbit around the sun

Question 3

Zodiac

Answer 3

the dozen constellations that the ecliptic passed through

refers to a circle of animals

Question 4

The seasons

Answer 4

caused by the earths tilt and how much sun a portion of land receives

Question 5

the ecliptic’s tilt

Answer 5

makes the sun appear to move North and south on the celestial sphere

Question 6

Equinoxes

Answer 6

equal night, days are the same length as the nights; when sun crosses celestial equator

Question 7

precession

Answer 7

the earth’s “wobble” like a spinning top, One precession take 26,000 years

Question 8

apparent noon

Answer 8

the sun at its highest point during the day

Question 9

solar day

Answer 9

time that it takes for the sun to get from its highest point one day to its highest point on the next

Question 10

sidereal day

Answer 10

the time it takes for a star to cross the meridian and return again; 4 mins shorter than a mean solar day

Question 11

arctic circle

Answer 11

anywhere north of the arctic circle during the summer has 24 hours of sun (66.5 latitude)

Question 12

Time zones

Answer 12

by the 1800s and with the international agreement, Earth was divided into 24 time zones

Question 13

international date line

Answer 13

180 longitude, add a day traveling west, subtract traveling east

Question 14

Daylight savings time

Answer 14

established during WWI to save energy

Question 15

lunar phases

Answer 15

the moon’s shape changing from night to night

Question 16

crescent

Answer 16

the beginning moon phase

Question 17

quarter and 3rd quarter moon

Answer 17

when the moon is half lit

Question 18

new moon

Answer 18

in front of earth, closest to sun

Question 19

full moon

Answer 19

behind earth, farthest from sun

Question 20

solar eclipse

Answer 20

occurs when moon passes between sun and earth and blocks our view of the sun; only new moons

Question 21

lunar eclipse

Answer 21

occurs when moon passes through earth’s shadow as it moves through the portion of its orbit opposite the sun; only full moons

Question 22

umbra

Answer 22

central region where the sun’s light is blocked completely

Question 23

penumbra

Answer 23

region where light is blocked only partially

Question 24

eclipse seasons

Answer 24

we don’t have eclipses every month because moon’s orbit is tilted 5 degrees

Question 25

once in a blue moon

Answer 25

-2 full moons in one month

Question 26

the week

Answer 26

7 days in a week could recognize the 7 objects that can be seen moving across the sky;
sun, moon, mercury, venus, mars, jupiter, and saturn

Question 27

Lunar Cycles

Answer 27

Day Phase

0. 0 New
1. 0-7.4 Waxing Crescent
2. 4 first quarter
3. 4-14.7 waxing gibbous
4. 7 full
5. 7-22.1 waning gibbous
6. 1 third quarter
7. 1-29.5 waning crescent
8. 5 New

Question 28

pythagoras

Answer 28

believed sphere was perfect shape therefore god created earth this way

Question 29

Aristotle

Answer 29

first to use scientific observation to show earth was round

Question 30

Aristarchus

Answer 30

measured distance from earth to sun

Question 31

eratosthenes

Answer 31

deduced the circumference of the earth using parallel rays of sunlight

Question 32

parallax

Answer 32

shift in a star’s apparent position resulting from the Earth’s motion around the sun
-parallax is undetectable