Unit5 Reactivity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the formula and charge of the ammonium ion?

A

NH₄ +

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2
Q

Nitrate formula and charge

A

NO₃ -

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3
Q

Sulfate formula and charge

A

SO₄ ² -

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4
Q

Hydroxide formula and charge

A

OH -

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5
Q

Carbonate formula and charge

A

CO₃ ² -

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6
Q

What are the 4 ways of making salt?

A
  1. metal + acid
  2. metal oxide + acid
  3. metal hydroxide + acid
  4. metal carbonate + acid
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7
Q

What is the product of Metal + Acid?

A

Salt + Hydrogen

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8
Q

What is the product of Metal Oxide + Acid

A

Salt + Water

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9
Q

What is the product of Metal hydroxide + Acid?

A

Salt + Water

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10
Q

Product of Metal carbonate + acid

A

Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

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11
Q

What is the property of acid?

A

They all contain Hydrogen

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12
Q

The formula and salts formed by Hydrochloric acid

A

HCl - Chlorides

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13
Q

The formula and salts formed by Sulfuric acid

A

H₂SO₄ - Sulfates

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14
Q

The formula and salts formed by Nitirc acid

A

HNO₃ - Nitrates

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15
Q

What is a salt?

A

compound formed when metal reacts with acid.
e.g Sodium Chloride (NaCl) or Magnesium Chloride (MgCl₂)
1st name metal, 2nd name non-metal.

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16
Q

Write a word and symbol equation between Zink + Hydrochloric acid

A

Zink + Hydrochloric acid → Zink Chloride + Hydrogen.
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

17
Q

What are some everyday products with acid?

A

Vinegar, Citric acid (Orange/Lemon) and our stomach acid.

18
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

It is a reaction that happens when a more reactive metal displaces the less reactive from the compound.

19
Q

What happens when Magnesium reacts with Copper sulfate?

A

Magnesium + copper sulfate → Magnesium sulfate + copper
Mg + CuSO₄ → MgSO₄ + Cu

20
Q

Define the thermite reaction and write the word and symbol equation for it.

A

A reaction between Aluminium and Iron oxide that provides mass amount of heat that makes the iron molten and displaced with Aluminium.
Aluminium + Iron oxide → Aluminium oxide + iron
Al + Fe₂O₃ → Al₂O + 2Fe

21
Q

What is a haematite?

A

Iron oxide Fe₂O₃
or iron ore
It is not very useful so we do displacement reactions.

22
Q

What is a blast furnace reaction (symol equation)

A

It is a reaction done to make pure iron by replacing oxygen from the haematite.
C + O₂ –> CO₂
CO₂ + C –> 2CO
Fe₂O₃ + 2CO –> 2Fe + 3CO₂

23
Q

Where is thermite reaction used for?

A

Welding railway tracks (was useful as it gives out high energy to produce molten iron)

24
Q

Why is sodium + HCl not a good experiment to do?

A

Sodium is too reactive to work with HCL

25
Q

What is neutralisation?
What is the word equation for it?

A

The reaction between base and acid to produce salt and water.
Acid + base –> salt + water

26
Q

What is the difference between base and alkali?

A

a base is the opposite of acid
an alkali is a soluble base (can dissolve in water)

27
Q

What is the PH of acid, neutral, and alkali?

A

acid - 0 to 6
neutral - 7
alkaline - 8 to 14

28
Q

What is the law of the conservation of mass?

A

Matter cannot be created or destroyed.

29
Q

How do you know if there was a reaction?

A

Gas produced, bubbles, color change, cloudiness

30
Q

What is the difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions?

A

The exothermic reaction gives out energy and the temp (of the surroundings)
increases while the endothermic reaction takes in energy and the temp decreases.

31
Q

What is a diatomic atom?

A

Compound/molecule that is made up of only two atoms
Ex) H₂, O₂, N₂