Unit5 Reactivity Flashcards
What is the formula and charge of the ammonium ion?
NH₄ +
Nitrate formula and charge
NO₃ -
Sulfate formula and charge
SO₄ ² -
Hydroxide formula and charge
OH -
Carbonate formula and charge
CO₃ ² -
What are the 4 ways of making salt?
- metal + acid
- metal oxide + acid
- metal hydroxide + acid
- metal carbonate + acid
What is the product of Metal + Acid?
Salt + Hydrogen
What is the product of Metal Oxide + Acid
Salt + Water
What is the product of Metal hydroxide + Acid?
Salt + Water
Product of Metal carbonate + acid
Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide
What is the property of acid?
They all contain Hydrogen
The formula and salts formed by Hydrochloric acid
HCl - Chlorides
The formula and salts formed by Sulfuric acid
H₂SO₄ - Sulfates
The formula and salts formed by Nitirc acid
HNO₃ - Nitrates
What is a salt?
compound formed when metal reacts with acid.
e.g Sodium Chloride (NaCl) or Magnesium Chloride (MgCl₂)
1st name metal, 2nd name non-metal.
Write a word and symbol equation between Zink + Hydrochloric acid
Zink + Hydrochloric acid → Zink Chloride + Hydrogen.
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
What are some everyday products with acid?
Vinegar, Citric acid (Orange/Lemon) and our stomach acid.
What is a displacement reaction?
It is a reaction that happens when a more reactive metal displaces the less reactive from the compound.
What happens when Magnesium reacts with Copper sulfate?
Magnesium + copper sulfate → Magnesium sulfate + copper
Mg + CuSO₄ → MgSO₄ + Cu
Define the thermite reaction and write the word and symbol equation for it.
A reaction between Aluminium and Iron oxide that provides mass amount of heat that makes the iron molten and displaced with Aluminium.
Aluminium + Iron oxide → Aluminium oxide + iron
Al + Fe₂O₃ → Al₂O + 2Fe
What is a haematite?
Iron oxide Fe₂O₃
or iron ore
It is not very useful so we do displacement reactions.
What is a blast furnace reaction (symol equation)
It is a reaction done to make pure iron by replacing oxygen from the haematite.
C + O₂ –> CO₂
CO₂ + C –> 2CO
Fe₂O₃ + 2CO –> 2Fe + 3CO₂
Where is thermite reaction used for?
Welding railway tracks (was useful as it gives out high energy to produce molten iron)
Why is sodium + HCl not a good experiment to do?
Sodium is too reactive to work with HCL
What is neutralisation?
What is the word equation for it?
The reaction between base and acid to produce salt and water.
Acid + base –> salt + water
What is the difference between base and alkali?
a base is the opposite of acid
an alkali is a soluble base (can dissolve in water)
What is the PH of acid, neutral, and alkali?
acid - 0 to 6
neutral - 7
alkaline - 8 to 14
What is the law of the conservation of mass?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed.
How do you know if there was a reaction?
Gas produced, bubbles, color change, cloudiness
What is the difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions?
The exothermic reaction gives out energy and the temp (of the surroundings)
increases while the endothermic reaction takes in energy and the temp decreases.
What is a diatomic atom?
Compound/molecule that is made up of only two atoms
Ex) H₂, O₂, N₂
