Maintaining life Flashcards

1
Q

What is excretion?

A

Getting rid of waste materials (that has been part of the body)

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2
Q

Name 3 waste materials

A

Carbon dioxide (respiration), Excess water, urea

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3
Q

What is urea?

A

Urea is a thing made from excess protein in the liver (it is toxic)

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4
Q

Where is urea made from and where does it go to?

A

Liver -> blood -> kidney

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5
Q

What is urine?

A

urea dissolved in water

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6
Q

What is the difference between ureter and urethra

A

ureter is a tube that goes from the kidney to bladder
urethra is a tube that goes from bladder, out of the body.

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7
Q

What is a fetus

A

unborn baby

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8
Q

Does the mother’s blood and baby’s mix?

A

No

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9
Q

What is diffused from mother’s blood to the baby’s?

A

Things the fetus needs: oxygen, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, protein

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10
Q

What is diffused from baby’s blood to the mother’s?

A

Baby’s waste to be excreted: carbon dioxide, ura, excess water

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11
Q

What are two things a pregnant woman should avoid?

A

smoking (tar, nicotine, CO) and having too many drugs (e.g. caffeine and alcohol, illegal drug, etc.)

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12
Q

How do plants absorb water?

A

from soils through root hair cells in a root

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13
Q

Why do plants need nitrate and mg ions?

A

nitrate to grow (convert carbohydrates to protein) and mg to make chlorophyll (they dissolve in water between soil particles.

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14
Q

How does the structure of the root hair cell help carry out its function?

A

It has a really big surface where water/mineral ions can be absorbed + not packed tightly together

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15
Q

How does water move from the root to the leaves?

A

Through xylem vessels

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16
Q

What is a xylem vessel?

A

A part of the water transport system of plant. A long tubelike dead cell

17
Q

What is transpiration?

A

The loss of water from leaves

18
Q

How is water vapour lost from leaves?

A

as water is carried by xylem to leaf cell some is used and most soaks in cell wall changing to water vapour and diffuse to air spaces -> stomata and to air

19
Q

What is turgid? (2)

A

full of water. When guard cells are filled with water and swollen so, the stoma opens up letting water go out.

20
Q

What is flacid?

A

Lacking of water

21
Q

Why are cell wall needed?

A

So the cell wouldn’t burst

22
Q

Why do plants need water? (4)

A

for support. to transport minerals, for cooling and for photosynthesis