Unit2 KA3 Biology Of Controlling Fertility Flashcards
When is the fertile period in woman
From when she is able to become pregnant
How does the coil work
Creates a hostile environment for implantation to occur
What is the possible negitive impact of fertility treatmeant
Can cause super ovulation
-making more ova being released which leads to multiple births
What is artificial insemination
When semen samples are collected over time then inserted into the females reproductive track
How does the contraceptive pill work
Contains synthetic progesterone + oestrogen which inhibited the secretion of FSH + LH by pituitary
What are chemical methods of sterilisation
Contraceptive pill
Mini pill
Morning after pill
How can we establish the ovulation period
Cervical mucas is thinner
Body temp is 0.5° higher aftet ovulation
The number of days after day 1 ovulation ( normally 14)
When is ICSI used
Used if sperm have poor mobility or are very low in number
How does ICSI differ to IVF
The head of mature sperm is drawn into a needle and Inserted into a egg
What reduces fertility in male or female
Age Genetics Diseases Health Drug misuse Smoking stress Poor diet Anorexia/obesity
What are examples of Barriers and how do they work
Condoms, diaphragm and cervical cap
-prevent sperm from entering the uterus and reaching the ovum
What does invitro mean
Outside the body
What causes the oviduct to get blocked
Infections after procedures
e.g PID pelvic inflammatory disease
STD sexual transmitted disease
How does the morning after pill work
Contains high dose of progesterone and oestrogen which decreases chances of ovulation and implantation
What is the female sterilisation called and how does it work
Tubal ligation
-cutting and tying each oviduct which prevents sperm meeting egg
What is contraception
The prevention of pregnancy by artificial/chemical or physical/natural methods
Give a summary of PGD
Cells from embryo are removed
They are used to identity surge gene disorders and chromosome abnormalities
The tests allow the most suitable embryos to be selected for implantation
What happens in IVF
- Eggs are collected from ovaries after FSH treatmeant
- ova mixes with sperm out with the body
- zygotes are incubated until formed into embryos
- preimplantation genetic diagnosis is used to identify single gene disorders and chromosome abnormalities
- most suitable embryos are selected and transferred to the uterus for implantation
- only unused embryos can be frozen and stored for later use
Why is male fertility described as continuous
A male can continuously produce sperm from puberty
What is the make sterilisation called and how does it work
Vasectomy
-cutting and closing sperm tube of each teste so sorry can’t occur in semen
What is the main cause and what is the treatmeant for male infertility
Sorry rube blockage
-surgery to correct blockages
What are the 2 type of infertility treatmeants
Drugs that mimic FSH and LH
Drugs thy prevent negitive feedback effect on oestrogen
When is the fertile period in a male
From when he is able to father a child
What are the main causes and what are the treatments for female infertility
Ovulation problems = ovulation drugs + IVF with fertility drugs
Poor egg quality = egg or embryo donation
Why is female fertility described as cyclic
Females only have a 5 day fertility period during every cycle
What are examples of methods for contraception
Barrie’s
Avoiding fertile periods
Sterilising products
Intra urine device (coil)
How does the mini pill work
Contains synthetic progesterone which inhibits ovulation causing thickening of cervical mucas which prevents entry of sperm and fertilisation
