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Human Bio Unit 2 > Unit2 KA3 Biology Of Controlling Fertility > Flashcards

Unit2 KA3 Biology Of Controlling Fertility Flashcards

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1
Q

When is the fertile period in woman

A

From when she is able to become pregnant

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2
Q

How does the coil work

A

Creates a hostile environment for implantation to occur

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3
Q

What is the possible negitive impact of fertility treatmeant

A

Can cause super ovulation

-making more ova being released which leads to multiple births

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4
Q

What is artificial insemination

A

When semen samples are collected over time then inserted into the females reproductive track

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5
Q

How does the contraceptive pill work

A

Contains synthetic progesterone + oestrogen which inhibited the secretion of FSH + LH by pituitary

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6
Q

What are chemical methods of sterilisation

A

Contraceptive pill
Mini pill
Morning after pill

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7
Q

How can we establish the ovulation period

A

Cervical mucas is thinner
Body temp is 0.5° higher aftet ovulation
The number of days after day 1 ovulation ( normally 14)

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8
Q

When is ICSI used

A

Used if sperm have poor mobility or are very low in number

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9
Q

How does ICSI differ to IVF

A

The head of mature sperm is drawn into a needle and Inserted into a egg

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10
Q

What reduces fertility in male or female

A 
Age 
Genetics 
Diseases 
Health 
Drug misuse 
Smoking stress 
Poor diet 
Anorexia/obesity
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11
Q

What are examples of Barriers and how do they work

A

Condoms, diaphragm and cervical cap

-prevent sperm from entering the uterus and reaching the ovum

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12
Q

What does invitro mean

A

Outside the body

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13
Q

What causes the oviduct to get blocked

A

Infections after procedures
e.g PID pelvic inflammatory disease
STD sexual transmitted disease

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14
Q

How does the morning after pill work

A

Contains high dose of progesterone and oestrogen which decreases chances of ovulation and implantation

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15
Q

What is the female sterilisation called and how does it work

A

Tubal ligation

-cutting and tying each oviduct which prevents sperm meeting egg

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16
Q

What is contraception

A

The prevention of pregnancy by artificial/chemical or physical/natural methods

17
Q

Give a summary of PGD

A

Cells from embryo are removed
They are used to identity surge gene disorders and chromosome abnormalities
The tests allow the most suitable embryos to be selected for implantation

18
Q

What happens in IVF

A
  • Eggs are collected from ovaries after FSH treatmeant
  • ova mixes with sperm out with the body
  • zygotes are incubated until formed into embryos
  • preimplantation genetic diagnosis is used to identify single gene disorders and chromosome abnormalities
  • most suitable embryos are selected and transferred to the uterus for implantation
  • only unused embryos can be frozen and stored for later use
19
Q

Why is male fertility described as continuous

A

A male can continuously produce sperm from puberty

20
Q

What is the make sterilisation called and how does it work

A

Vasectomy

-cutting and closing sperm tube of each teste so sorry can’t occur in semen

21
Q

What is the main cause and what is the treatmeant for male infertility

A

Sorry rube blockage

-surgery to correct blockages

22
Q

What are the 2 type of infertility treatmeants

A

Drugs that mimic FSH and LH

Drugs thy prevent negitive feedback effect on oestrogen

23
Q

When is the fertile period in a male

A

From when he is able to father a child

24
Q

What are the main causes and what are the treatments for female infertility

A

Ovulation problems = ovulation drugs + IVF with fertility drugs
Poor egg quality = egg or embryo donation

25
Q

Why is female fertility described as cyclic

A

Females only have a 5 day fertility period during every cycle

26
Q

What are examples of methods for contraception

A

Barrie’s
Avoiding fertile periods
Sterilising products
Intra urine device (coil)

27
Q

How does the mini pill work

A

Contains synthetic progesterone which inhibits ovulation causing thickening of cervical mucas which prevents entry of sperm and fertilisation

Human Bio Unit 2 (6 decks)

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