Unit V

Question 1

The building blocks of life are called what?

Answer 1

atoms

Question 2

A group of atoms that all share the same characteristics is called an ___.

Answer 2

element

Question 3

What is a molecule?

Answer 3

It is a combination of two or more atoms

Question 4

Write out the chemical equation for photosynthesis, and label both sides.

Answer 4

reactants products

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Question 5

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 5

the process of releasing the energy in glucose for use in the cell

Question 6

What type of molecule is represented by the formula C₂H₅OH?

Answer 6

alcohol

Question 7

What is yeast?

Answer 7

It is a single-celled organism that feeds on glucose.

Question 8

What are the three types of carbohydrates?

Answer 8

simple sugars, starches, and cellulose

Question 9

any molecule with the atom ratio of CH₂O

Answer 9

carbohydrate

Question 10

What are the three types of simple sugars?

Answer 10

glucose, fructose, and galactose

Question 11

Write out the chemcial equation for aerobic respiration, and label both sides.

Answer 11

reactants products

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6 H2O + energy

Question 12

Write out the chemical equation for fermentation and label both sides.

Answer 12

reactants products

C₆H₁₂O₆ + yeast → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂ + energy

Question 13

Another name for simple sugars

Answer 13

monosaccharides

Question 14

Sucrose and maltose are examples of ___ (more than 1 sugar)

Answer 14

dissaccharides

Question 15

a carbohydrate composed of many simple sugars

Answer 15

polysaccharides

Question 16

Why do cooked vegetables taste slightly sweeter than uncooked vegetables?

Answer 16

Applying heat to vegetables breaks up some disaccharides, like sucrose, or polysaccharides, like starch, into individual monosaccharides. Releasing the individual sugars in this way causes the vegetable or starch to sweeten in taste.

Question 17

leaf cells in which photosynthesis takes place

Answer 17

mesophyll

Question 18

carbon dioxide

Answer 18

CO₂

Question 19

chart that organizes the known elements

Answer 19

Periodic Table

Question 20

type of respiration that requires oxygen

Answer 20

aerobic

Question 21

glucose

Answer 21

C₆H₁₂O₆

Question 22

water

Answer 22

H₂0

Question 23

enzyme in the mesophyll that splits and rearranges the molecules involved in photosynthesis

Answer 23

chlorophyll

Question 24

oxygen

Answer 24

O₂

Question 25

factory-like parts of the mesophyll in which photosynthesis takes place

Answer 25

chloroplasts

Question 26

type of respiration that uses yeast instead of oxygen and produces alcohol instead of water

Answer 26

fermentation

Question 27

a single molecule with the formula C₆H₁₂O₆

Answer 27

simple sugar

Question 28

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 28

the process by which leaves make food by means of sunlight and water

Question 29

For what is glucose used in plants and animals?

Answer 29

It is used for energy and the production of proteins, fats, vitamins, cellulose, and other materials

Question 30

Why does bread rise?

Answer 30

When yeast eats glucose, it produces alcohol and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide trapped in the dough causes it to fill with pockets of gas and rise.