Unit V Flashcards
The building blocks of life are called what?
atoms
A group of atoms that all share the same characteristics is called an ___.
element
What is a molecule?
It is a combination of two or more atoms
Write out the chemical equation for photosynthesis, and label both sides.
reactants products
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is cellular respiration?
the process of releasing the energy in glucose for use in the cell
What type of molecule is represented by the formula C2H5OH?
alcohol
What is yeast?
It is a single-celled organism that feeds on glucose.
What are the three types of carbohydrates?
simple sugars, starches, and cellulose
any molecule with the atom ratio of CH2O
carbohydrate
What are the three types of simple sugars?
glucose, fructose, and galactose
Write out the chemcial equation for aerobic respiration, and label both sides.
reactants products
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
Write out the chemical equation for fermentation and label both sides.
reactants products
C6H12O6 + yeast → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + energy
Another name for simple sugars
monosaccharides
Sucrose and maltose are examples of ___ (more than 1 sugar)
dissaccharides
a carbohydrate composed of many simple sugars
polysaccharides
Why do cooked vegetables taste slightly sweeter than uncooked vegetables?
Applying heat to vegetables breaks up some disaccharides, like sucrose, or polysaccharides, like starch, into individual monosaccharides. Releasing the individual sugars in this way causes the vegetable or starch to sweeten in taste.
leaf cells in which photosynthesis takes place
mesophyll
carbon dioxide
CO2
chart that organizes the known elements
Periodic Table
type of respiration that requires oxygen
aerobic
glucose
C6H12O6
water
H20
enzyme in the mesophyll that splits and rearranges the molecules involved in photosynthesis
chlorophyll
oxygen
O2
factory-like parts of the mesophyll in which photosynthesis takes place
chloroplasts
type of respiration that uses yeast instead of oxygen and produces alcohol instead of water
fermentation
a single molecule with the formula C6H12O6
simple sugar
What is photosynthesis?
the process by which leaves make food by means of sunlight and water
For what is glucose used in plants and animals?
It is used for energy and the production of proteins, fats, vitamins, cellulose, and other materials
Why does bread rise?
When yeast eats glucose, it produces alcohol and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide trapped in the dough causes it to fill with pockets of gas and rise.
