Unit V

Question 1

➢ The relationship of two or more different organisms in close association that may be, but is not necessarily, of benefit to each. The main types of symbiosis are commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism.

Answer 1

Symbiosis

Question 2

➢ A type of symbiosis in which either partner can usually live independently and in which neither partner is harmed.

Answer 2

Commensalism

Question 3

➢ An obligatory symbiotic association of mutual benefit to both partners.

Answer 3

Mutualism

Question 4

➢ A symbiotic relationship that is obligatory for the parasite and is more or less harmful to the other partner, the host

Answer 4

Parasitism

Question 5

➢ Is an organism that feeds, grows and is sheltered on or in another organism (the host) without contributing to the survival of its host.

Answer 5

Parasite

Question 6

➢ A group of animals whose bodies are typically differentiated into three segments: the head, the thorax and the abdomen.

Answer 6

Arthropods

Question 7

➢ A worm; now restricted to parasitic worms such as flukes, tapeworms and nematodes

Answer 7

Helminth

Question 8

➢ The organism that provides nourishment for a parasite.

Answer 8

Host

Question 9

▪ where the adult (sexually mature stages) of the parasite is found

Answer 9

Final/Definitive Host

Question 10

▪ where the asexual stages of the parasite is found; an additional and obligatory host in the life cycle of a parasite

Answer 10

Intermediate Host

Question 11

▪ harbor the parasitic infection but show no outward signs of the infection but frequently act as source of infection to others

Answer 11

Reservoir Host

Question 12

▪ The parasite do not undergo development in this host, it simply act as carrier of the parasite

Answer 12

Paratenic/Transport Host

Question 13

➢ Refers to the development of a parasite through its various forms.

Answer 13

Life Cycle

Question 14

➢ A marked change in appearance, structure, and habits of an animal as
part of its normal growth and development.

Answer 14

Metamorphosis

Question 15

➢ An organism having male and female reproductive organs in the same
individual.

Answer 15

Hermaphrodite

Question 16

➢ A tough, resistant, inert covering, as in nematodes and arthropods

Answer 16

Cuticle

Question 17

➢ Within a fibrous tissue capsule laid down by the host.

Answer 17

Encapsulated

Question 18

➢ Within a cyst secreted by the parasite

Answer 18

Encysted

Question 19

2 classification of parasite

Answer 19

Internal parasite
External parasite

Question 20

Live within the body of the host, occupying
the digestive tract, internal organs (liver,
lungs), blood, tissues and even cells

Answer 20

Internal parasite

Question 21

Live at the surface or in the skin of their
hosts. They are noticeable because they
cause itching and skin lesions that become
more obvious as the number of invading
parasites increases.

Answer 21

External parasites

Question 22

Live at the surface or in the skin of their
hosts. They are noticeable because they
cause itching and skin lesions that become
more obvious as the number of invading
parasites increases.

Answer 22

External parasites

Question 23

General Clinical Signs of Parasitism

Answer 23

• Anorexia
• Retarded growth
• General Weakness
• Coughing
• Rough hair coat
• Rapid weight loss
• Persistent bloody diarrhea
• Death

Question 24

Under Phylum Nemathelhelminthes Class Nematoda a eukaryotic (with nucleus), multicellular, cylindrical and tapered at each end, Have complete digestive system (mouth, SI, anus)

Answer 24

Roundworm

Question 25

Under Phylum Platyhelminthes, a eukaryotic (with nucleus), multicellular, include to Class Cestoda (Tapeworms) and Class Trematoda (Flukeworms/Flukes), acoelomates, bilaterally symmetrical, hermaphroditic, digestive tract, if present typically has only one opening

Answer 25

Flatworms

Question 26

• flat, leaf-shaped bodies
• with a ventral sucker and an oral sucker
• obtain food by absorbing it through their nonliving outer covering, called the cuticle.

Answer 26

Trematodes (Flukes)

Question 27

➢ intestinal parasites
➢ Head: scolex (plural: scoleces), has suckers
➢ some species also have small hooks for attachment
➢ do not ingest the tissues of their hosts
➢ absorb food through their cuticle
➢ body: proglottids

Answer 27

Cestodes/Tapeworms

Question 28

➢ jointed legs
➢ invertebrates
➢ external skeleton (exoskeleton)
➢ segmented body
➢ paired articulated appendages

Answer 28

Arthropods

Question 29

• eukaryotic (with nucleus), multicellular
• head, thorax, and abdomen, and bears two eyes, two antennae, and a complex set of mouthparts.
• The thorax consists of three segments - the prothorax, the mesothorax, and the metathorax—and bears six jointed legs
and four, two, or no wings

Answer 29

Insects

Question 30

eukaryotic (with nucleus), multicellular
➢ subclass Acari (mites and ticks)

Answer 30

Arachnids

Question 31

eukaryotic (with nucleus)
• unicellular
• some with organs of locomotion

Answer 31

Protozoa

Question 32

eukaryotic (with nucleus)
• unicellular
• some with organs of locomotion

Answer 32

Protozoa