Unit Two Test

Question 1

What are the phases of the Industrial Revolution? Provide some examples of the products/advancements of each phase?

Answer 1

Phase 1 - Cheap/Better clothes, Cheap/Better metals and faster travel, trains.

Phase 2 - Transatlantic Cable, Telegraph, Pharmaceuticals

Question 2

What were Charles Darwin’s beliefs?

Answer 2

Survival of the fittest. Darwin believed that competition among different organisms and their struggle with the environment were fundamental and unavoidable facts of life and individuals who were better adapted to their environment survived, whereas the weak perished. This produced a “natural selection,” or the favoring of certain adaptive traits over time, leading to a gradual evolution of different species.

Question 3

What is Social Darwinism?

Answer 3

Herbert Spencer believed the best people; the best ideas and the best nations should compete. And this competition will create perfection. In that perfection will create happiness. Countries compete through economics and countries compete through warfare. And he says All of those are part of this concept of the society that is best fit to survive is anti-philanthropist and anti-government meddling.

Question 4

What is Capitalism and who is associated with the theory?

Answer 4

Adam Smith is the, the real theorist behind capitalism. his idea is for laissez- faire, which is very little government control. Government would have a role in helping with some aspects such as maybe the policing and protecting the country from foreign threats. People are free to conduct business. He believes in the invisible hand of markets. He says that markets will naturally, naturally correct themselves. He says that essentially those good businesses will thrive.

Question 5

What factors attributed to the industrialization in England first?

Answer 5

England has an energy source, large deposits of easily accessible coal. It’s close to the ground with their current level of technology, they can get to it. They also have enclosed land, PRIVATE PROPERTY

Question 6

What are some negative side effects of textile production?

Answer 6

The continuation of slavery and the creation of new or larger machines killed off the cotton industries

Question 7

What social issues arise because of Industrialization?

Answer 7

Insufficient amounts of police, which lead to criminality, poor water supplies, Prostitution, violence, the risk of disease, poor sanitary conditions, in need of schools and unemployment,

Question 8

What is class consciousness?

Answer 8

Class consciousness has a lot to do with common experiences, shared experiences Shared experience similar to all of us going thru COVID

Question 9

What is the Cult of Domesticity?

Answer 9

It is legalized inequality. The “separate sphere”. Middle-class identity—neither aristocratic nor working-class values. The “angel in the house”

Question 10

What are gender spheres?

Answer 10

“Separate sphere”; Women were supposed to live in subordination to men, boys educated in secondary schools, girls educated at home, the idea of legal inequality between men and women

Question 11

What roles do Middle Class women play in society?

Answer 11

(In and out of the house) is the moral education of the children. Keeping the household functioning. Outside roles include helping charities

Question 12

What are some of the Victorian views on sex?

Answer 12

It should be passionless; women are not supposed to enjoy sex. The goal is to produce children. Women are morally superior; immorality was an accepted thing for males

Question 13

What are the types of Imperialism?

Answer 13

Direct rule is when you annex territories and then use your armies to subjugate the inhabitants, to force them, essentially at gunpoint, to do the things that you want them to do. Indirect through indirect rule Governing it through local leaders. formal and informal imperialism maintained its sovereignty, or a little bit of its sovereignty. Essentially, if you follow the certain roles is as long as you provide these taxes, are these resources, then we will let you govern yours Like the USA

Question 14

How does England rule India and what role did the British East India Company play in this?

Answer 14

Informal imperialism the company ruled India for a long period of time in the mid 19th century

Question 15

What was the Sepoy Mutiny?

Answer 15

An uprising that began near Delhi, when the military disciplined a regiment of Indian soldiers employed by the British for refusing to use rifle cartridges greased with pork fat. Rebels attacked law courts and burned tax rolls, protesting debt and corruption. The mutiny spread through large areas of northwest. India before being violently suppressed by British troops.

Question 16

How do the Europeans colonize China?

Answer 16

They established missionary outposts, send missionaries into China. The British also used opium to hook large segments of the Chinese population into addiction

Question 17

What are the Opium Wars and what is their outcome?

Answer 17

Chinese decided that they wanted to be released of from under the yoke of opium addiction. And the First Opium War between 1839-1842. That war ends with the Treaty of Nanking, part of the Treaty of Nanking, England will have access to Hong Kong for forever as long as they wanted. And that gives them a permanent port that is in there. control off the coast

Question 18

What is the Boxer Rebellion? How is it put down?

Answer 18

In the Boxer Rebellion. The boxers are a secret society of individuals trained in martial arts. They call themselves the righteous fists. They want everybody gone and they want the missionaries expelled. Freedom is that the powers of Europe realize this, and they are forced to work together.

Question 19

What is the “Great Game?”

Answer 19

The great game is all about eastward expansion. If the world was a game board, every piece that you took, every empire piece of an empire that you’ve grabbed. It’s something someone else lost. The goal is to grab as much as you can.

Question 20

What are the outcomes of The Russo-Japanese War?

Answer 20

The entire Russian fleet, it’s sunk and Russia is humiliated after miscalculating that Japan had modernized.

Question 21

What is the Scramble for Africa?

Answer 21

The colonial powers are out after territory. they want is Africa. Africa is rich and resources

Question 22

How does Racial Thought affect Imperialism?

Answer 22

Arthur De Gatineau (1816 -1862) he wrote a book called The inequality of races. to divide the world up into essentially three colors. Black, white, and yellow. whiter your blood, the purer your blood, the more superior you are.

Question 23

What is the White Man’s Burden?

Answer 23

It was their belief white people especially the white man was superior mankind and it was his responsibility to take care of what he believe was savages and mentally inferior women.

Question 24

What are the causes of WWI and be able to explain how they are connected with the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

Answer 24

M.A.I.N. militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism. Ferdinand was assassinated and there was a war proclamation because Austria and Serbia are mad at each other which caused a world war then they engaged all their secret alliances.

Question 25

What are the sides of the conflict and who are the combatants?

Answer 25

The Allies are Great Britain, France, and Russia. The other side is the Central Powers. Germany and Austria-Hungary and Italy until 1914. Toward the end of 1914 and Italy will change sides enjoying the Allies

Question 26

What types of weapons and strategies are employed in this conflict?

Answer 26

Tanks, Gas, Heavy Artillery, Land Mines, Opposing Trenches, Barbed Wire, and “No Man’s Land”

Question 27

How does the response of businesses differ from that of the public to WWI

Answer 27

It heavily impacted businesses in a very negative way. It made it difficult to transport goods. People wouldn’t have made it necessarily be able to purchase those goods.

Question 28

What is the Schlieffen Plan?

Answer 28

They wanted to quickly attack and defeat France, so they made France target number one. The Germans did something that is unexpected from the position of the French they go through Belgium and come into Northern France

Question 29

What happens at the Marne?

Answer 29

The French counter attacked at the Marne River, and it stops the German advance for a while. The long-term effect of this really ends the hope for a quick war.

Question 30

What is unrestricted U-Boat Warfare and how does that connect with the Lusitania?

Answer 30

Lusitania is a passenger vessel left the United States on route for England carrying weapons in an attempt to be undetected. It galvanized support for the US to enter the war.

Question 31

What happens at Verdun?

Answer 31

It was a fortress deemed impossible to assault and impossible to take and the Germans in nearly do it.

Question 32

What is the Zimmerman Telegram and what is a major outcome?

Answer 32

The Germans send an encrypted message to Mexico that was intercepted by the British and they will be able to decode it. The message offered to give, if Mexico will enter the war against the United States. Once this document gets decoded and everybody reads it, it’s very apparent the United States has to get involved because they’re trying to drum up war against us.

Question 33

What is the lesson from The Poem Base Details by Siegfried Sassoon?

Answer 33

The leaders are sitting in nice hotels, drinking wine and eating nice foods, and sending up hundreds of thousands of more young men to go die. They are not even there to see the battlefields. It’s almost like a video game to them.

Question 34

What are the primary problems with the Russian economy in WWI?

Answer 34

Crippling losses lead to Russian peasants wanting out of the war, Soldiers at the front began to desert, Radical exiles began to seep back into the country.

Question 35

Who is Rasputin and how is he connected with the downfall of the Tsar?

Answer 35

Tsar Nicholas leaves the capital in control of his wife, Alexandra before he leaves for war who is heavily uncontrolled and influenced by Rasputin. He destroys the country from within while the Germans are destroying them from the outside.

Question 36

Who is Vladimir Lenin and what message does he have?

Answer 36

He promises if they bring him and his associates to power, he promises three things. They are peace, land, and bread. To people that have no peace, land, or bread.

Question 37

What is the Spanish Flu and why is it called the Spanish Flu? Why does it occur when it did?

Answer 37

Similar to COVID it was a virus, similar to COVID that caused a deadly pandemic 1918 – 1920. The Spanish Flu was called that because they were the first to report it because it was during the war and Spain was not part of the conspiracy to hide it

Question 38

What is Armistice Day?

Answer 38

It is the day the war stopped 11/11/18. An armistice was signed to end the war and they named the Day Armistice Day, Veterans Day here in the USA

Question 39

What are Wilson’s 14 points

Answer 39

Be able to give a few examples and why those were believed necessary. A plan Wilson came up with the end war forever in Europe. Freedom of the seas, no secret diplomacy, no more international tariffs.

Question 40

What is the Treaty of Versailles and how does it contribute to instabilities that lead to WWII?

Answer 40

it was a peace treaty that made Germany responsible for war. They had to pay war reparations, they lost their colonies and were demilitarized.