UNIT TWO Flashcards
The Turing Test and JTB ques.
Explain JTB definition of knowledge as described by Plato.
Plato’s formulation of JTB provides a foundational understanding of knowledge.
Truth corresponds to justification.
Apply the JTB knowledge to the problem of other minds.
- underscores the challenges in justifying belief about what others think and feel.
- achieving knowledge of other mental states remain elusive to the subjective nature of interpretation of their thoughts and feelings.
Having witnessed the arguments presented by Riker and Picard, do you believe that Data has the right to choose? Why or why not?
I believe that Data does have the right to choose as he is not the soul property of Starfleet. He, Data, has the freedom to express himself.
How does Socrates use dreams to shed doubt on the reliability of senses?
He talks about the slumber of the body and that there could be doubt in whether we are awake or dreaming.
the soul claims that thought presented to our minds are true.
According to Socrates, “knowledge does not consist in impressions of sense, but in reasoning about them; in that only, and not in the mere impression, truth and being can be attained” (Plato, Theaetetus). Explain.
Self-perception is not knowledge and it cannot say anything if it does not consist of truth.
What is about Protogoras’ doctrine which Descartes describes as “The Measure of all Things’, that Socrates dislikes?
Socrates dislikes that Protogoras talks about how reality and truth are related. That what may be true might not be true for another.
What does Turing mean when he says, “We do not wish to penalize the machine for its inability to shine in beauty competitions, nor to penalize a man for losing in a race against an aeroplane. The conditions of our game make these disabilities irrelevant” (p. 435)?
Turing implies the explanation of how humans and computers can compete in the mind.
What according to Socrates is the difference between ‘having’ and ‘possessing’ knowledge?
Having Knowledge:
To take or hold what is possessed.
Possessing Knowledge:
prior to or for the sake of perception.
According to the JTB definition of knowledge, can we ever claim to know what other people think and feel?
It is difficult to claim knowledge of what others think and feel because our beliefs about their thoughts and feeling lack reliable justification and may not always be true.
How is the imitation game played?
- 3 players: a human, machine and an interrogator.
- the interrogator asks several questions to determine which is which.
- this is a simple method in determining if the machine shows human intelligence.
What are two kinds of motion identified by Socrates?
Change:
where one changes from place to place.
Motion in Place:
where one stays in place, aka grows old.
Why does Turing propose to replace the question ‘Can Machines Think?’ with the Imitation Game? Explain.
because ‘thinking’ is hard to define.
Is the Turing test fair of determining thought and intelligence? Explain.
personally I don’t think it does.
the machine is missing the ‘brain operation’ and is lacking in the memory of thought and human intelligence. It needs to be thought knowledge and has a limited memory. The machine can also fool the interrogator by going off topic. Not a reliable way of determining though and intelligence.
How does Socrates use the ‘Block of Wax’ metaphor to give an account of error?
Socrates describes the different sizes of men and how the mind forms impressions.
Turing suggests that Professor Jefferson’s “Consciousness” objection amounts to the solipsist point of view. Do you agree? Why or why not?
I agree.
Jefferson’s objective if machines can have a consciousness like humans, resembling solipsism in doubting consciousness beyond human experience.
