UNIT ONE Flashcards

arguments & b.russell reading ques.

1
Q

Why can the conclusion of a inductive argument be at least probable?

A

because it depends on the strength of the premises and the conclusion may not always be true. (based on the theory of probability.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

critically respond to Russell’s view that freeing oneself from the habit of thinking is a good thing.

A

It enlarges our thoughts and frees them from the tranny of customs. Though its out-dated and no-longer serving its purpose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the various types of philosophical problems.

A

Discipline-specific philosophies have a wide range of problems.

These include the philosophy of law, psychology, language, education, and history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an inductive argument?

A
  • invalid.
  • premises gives support but the conclusion does not.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain why the only assignment of truth-values that is impossible for a valid argument exist when premises is true and the conclusion false.

A

a valid argument consists of true premises and a true conclusion. This assignment of truth-values only exist when the premises is true and when the conclusion is also true.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

According to Russel what are the prejudice of so-called ‘practical-men’?

A

Practical men are one’s who recognize material needs and must have food for the body, yet oblivious of providing food for the mind.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a deductive argument?

A
  • always valid.
  • the premises gives support to the conclusion.
  • it is impossible for the conclusion to be false and the premises to be true.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is meant by validity? Give four examples.

A

-if premises is true the conclusion must be to
- logically guarantees the truth of the conclusion
- consists of true premises and true conclusions.
- valid because its impossible to have a true premises and a false conclusion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the branches of Philosophy?

A
  • Epistemology: Theories of Knowledge
  • Metaphysics: Theories of Reality
  • Political Philosophy
  • Aesthetics: Philosophy of Art
  • Ethics: Moral Philosophy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why does Russel believe that there is value in uncertainties of philosophy?

A

because it loosens the grip of uncritically held opinions and opens the mind to a new range of possibilities to explore.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does Russel mean by ‘Knowledge is a form of union self and not self’?

A

*Russel means that knowledge is way beyond way we know and what we are capable of knowing.

its a set of prejudice, habits ad desires separating us from the world.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

According to Russel what do philosophy and science have in common?

A

They both employ logic to a conclusion though science has definite answers and philosophy does not.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What conditions must be satisfied if any argument is to be a good one?

A
  • will be logically valid
  • will have a true premises (without the need of proof or explanations) and a true conclusion.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an argument?

A

a proposition of two or more sentences in which one establishes if it’s true or false by appealing to the other.

  • the one appealing is the premises.
  • the one establishing the appeal is the conclusion.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly