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BIO 112 > Unit Three Review > Flashcards

Unit Three Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Which group of bacteria includes species that are descendant from the first mitochondria?

a. gram-postitive bacteria
b. chlamydia
c. cyanobacteria
d. proteobacteria

A

proteobacteria

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2
Q

Which group of bacteria includes species that lack a second outer membrane?

a. gram-postitive bacteria
b. chlamydia
c. cyanobacteria
d. proteobacteria

A

gram-positive bacteria

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3
Q

Which group of bacteria includes species that are strictly parasitic?

a. gram-postitive bacteria
b. chlamydia
c. cyanobacteria
d. proteobacteria

A

chlamydia

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4
Q

For which of the following is the inner membrane of chloroplast thought to have originated?

a. primitive eukaryotic cell
b. cyanobacterium
c. proteobacterium

A

cyanobacterium

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5
Q

Which of the following are examples of vascular plants?

a. mosses
b. ferns
c. horsetails
d. gymnosperms
e. liverworts

A

ferns, horsetails, gymnosperms

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6
Q

Sporophytes are diploid.

True or Fasle?

A

True

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7
Q

Cells in plant sporophytes undergo meiotic cell division to produce spores.

True or false?

A

True

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8
Q

Cells in plant gametophytes undergo mitotic cell division to produce gametes.

True or false?

A

True

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9
Q

Which of the following is true about diploblastic organisms?

a. they have radial symmetry
b. the mesoderm forms the central nervous system
c. the endoderm forms the epidermis of the skin
d. earthworms are included in this group of organisms

A

they have radial symmetry

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10
Q

Skeletal muscle

a. ectoderm
b. mesoderm
c. endoderm

A

mesoderm

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11
Q

the brain

a. ectoderm
b. mesoderm
c. endoderm

A

ectoderm

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12
Q

the lining of the digestive system

a. ectoderm
b. mesoderm
c. endoderm

A

endoderm

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13
Q

fish and humans

a. lophotrochozoans
b. ecdysozoans
c. echinoderms
d. chordates

A

chordates

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14
Q

honeybees and lobsters

a. lophotrochozoans
b. ecdysozoans
c. echinoderms
d. chordates

A

ecdysozoans

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15
Q

starfish and sea urchins

a. lophotrochozoans
b. ecdysozoans
c. echinoderms
d. chordates

A

echinoderms

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16
Q

choose the correct sequence of animal development

a. gastrulation, cleavage, organogenesis, fertilization
b. fertilization, cleavage, organogenesis, gastrulation
c. fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation, organogenesis

A

fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation, organogenesis

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17
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the outer membrane of the chloroplast

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell

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18
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the thylakoid of the chloroplast

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium

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19
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the inner membrane of the chloroplast

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium

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20
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the inner membrane of the mitochondria

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

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21
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the outer membrane of the mitochondria

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell

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22
Q

these organisms are triploblastic

a. cnidarians
b. lophotrochozoans
c. ecdysozoans
d. echinoderms
e. chordates

A

b,c,d,e

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23
Q

these organisms are diploblastic

a. cnidarians
b. lophotrochozoans
c. ecdysozoans
d. echinoderms
e. chordates

A

a

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24
Q

these organisms are protostomes

a. cnidarians
b. lophotrochozoans
c. ecdysozoans
d. echinoderms
e. chordates

A

b,c

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25
Q

these organisms are deuterostomes

a. cnidarians
b. lophotrochozoans
c. ecdysozoans
d. echinoderms
e. chordates

A

d, e

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26
Q

this group includes insects, crabs, lobsters, and spiders

a. cnidarians
b. lophotrochozoans
c. ecdysozoans
d. echinoderms
e. chordates

A

c

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27
Q

this group includes starfish and sea urchins

a. cnidarians
b. lophotrochozoans
c. ecdysozoans
d. echinoderms
e. chordates

A

d

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28
Q

this group includes lions and tigers and bears and cars and dogs and humans

a. cnidarians
b. lophotrochozoans
c. ecdysozoans
d. echinoderms
e. chordates

A

e

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29
Q

this group includes snails, oysters, octopi, and earthworms

a. cnidarians
b. lophotrochozoans
c. ecdysozoans
d. echinoderms
e. chordates

A

b

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30
Q

A pet store owner was having trouble keeping new shipments of fish healthy during the first week after their arrival at the store. She thought that if she increased the amount of oxygen in the aquarium water, she could increase the health and survival rate of her new fish stocks. The owner tested this idea on her next incoming shipment of fish. She put half of her new fish in the normal aquarium. She put the other half in tanks hooked up to supplemental oxygen bubblers. She monitored the fish for general health for one week and recorded the survival rate of the fish in each aquarium during that time.

The depended variable is…

A

fish survival rate

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31
Q

A pet store owner was having trouble keeping new shipments of fish healthy during the first week after their arrival at the store. She thought that if she increased the amount of oxygen in the aquarium water, she could increase the health and survival rate of her new fish stocks. The owner tested this idea on her next incoming shipment of fish. She put half of her new fish in the normal aquarium. She put the other half in tanks hooked up to supplemental oxygen bubblers. She monitored the fish for general health for one week and recorded the survival rate of the fish in each aquarium during that time.

The control group it…

A

the new fish in the tanks without supplemental bubbles

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32
Q

A pet store owner was having trouble keeping new shipments of fish healthy during the first week after their arrival at the store. She thought that if she increased the amount of oxygen in the aquarium water, she could increase the health and survival rate of her new fish stocks. The owner tested this idea on her next incoming shipment of fish. She put half of her new fish in the normal aquarium. She put the other half in tanks hooked up to supplemental oxygen bubblers. She monitored the fish for general health for one week and recorded the survival rate of the fish in each aquarium during that time.

what is the hypothesis?

A

oxygen levels in aquaria affect fish health and survival

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33
Q

Which of the following correctly lists the four major supergroups of unicellular eukaryotes?

a. unikonts, archaeplastids, SAR, and excavates
b. unikonts, archaeplastids, rhizarians, and excavates
c. unikonts, rhizarians, SAR, and excavates

A

a. unikonts, archaeplastids, SAR, and excavates

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34
Q

which of these is most closely related to modern day land plants?

a. stramenopiles
b. rhodophytes
c. archaeplastids
d. excavates

A

c. archaeplastids

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35
Q

which of the following is not a member of the kingdom plantae?

a. red algae
b. brown algae
c. green algae

A

b. brown algae

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36
Q

which of the following correctly describes the endosymbiotic theory?

a. the theory that one organism may live successfully inside the body of another organism.
b. the evolutionary theory that some membrane-bound organelles of eukaryotic cells are derived from once free-living prokaryotic cells.
c. the evolutionary theory that states that two organism coexist and both benefit from the presence of the other
d. the evolutionary theory that chloroplasts and mitochondria were the first eukaryotic cells.

A

b. the evolutionary theory that some membrane-bound organelles of eukaryotic cells are derived from once free-living prokaryotic cells.

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37
Q

from which of the following is the inner membrane of chloroplast thought to have originated?

a. a primitive eukaryotic cell
b. a cyanobacterium
c. a proteobacterium

A

b. a cyanobacterium

38
Q

from which of the following is the inner membrane of mitochondrion thought to have originated?

a. a primitive eukaryotic cell
b. a cyanobacterium
c. a proteobacterium

A

c. a proteobacterium

39
Q

why was the evolution of waxy cuticles, stomata, and spore walls so important to the evolution of land plants?

a. to avoid predation by animals
b. to avoid damage by ultraviolet light
c. to avoid desiccation
d. to make seed distribution on land possible

A

c. to avoid desiccation

40
Q

Which of the following is not a major group of vascular plants?

a. ferns
b. mosses
c. gymnosperms
d. angiosperms
e. horsetails

A

b. mosses

41
Q

Which of the following include the two major living groups of seed plants?
a. gymnosperms and tree ferns
b. angiosperms and hornworts
c. gymnosperms and angiosperms

A

c. gymnosperms and angiosperms

42
Q

protected embryos

a. fruits and flowers
b. xylem and phloem
c. spores
d. stomata

A

a. fruits and flowers

43
Q

transport water and nutrients

a. fruits and flowers
b. xylem and phloem
c. spores
d. stomata

A

b. xylem and phloem

44
Q

gas exchange

a. fruits and flowers
b. xylem and phloem
c. spores
d. stomata

A

d. stomata

45
Q

which of the derived traits distinguishes angiosperms from gymnosperms.

a. fruits and flowers
b. tracheids
c. seeds
d. stomata

A

a. fruits and flowers

46
Q

which of the derived traits distinguishes vascular plants from nonvascular plants?

a. fruits and flowers
b. tracheids
c. seeds
d. stomata

A

b. tracheids

47
Q

which of the derived traits distinguishes hornworts from liverworts?

a. fruits and flowers
b. tracheids
c. seeds
d. stomata

A

d. stomata

48
Q

which of the derived traits distinguishes grasses and shrubs from ferns?

a. fruits and flowers
b. tracheids
c. seeds
d. stomata

A

c. seeds

49
Q

gametophytes are diploid

true or false

A

false

50
Q

cells in plant sporophytes undergo meiotic cell division to produce spores

true or false

A

true

51
Q

cells in plant gametophytes undergo mitotic cell division to produce gametes

true or false

A

true

52
Q

haploid cells contain one copy of every gene

true or false

A

true

53
Q

gametophytes are the dominant, more visible form of nonvascular plants

true and false

A

true

54
Q

which of the following is not a characteristic of all animals?

a. they are heterotrophic
b. their cells do not have cell walls
c. they have extracellular matrix that includes collagen
d. the adults are motile

A

d. the adults are motile

55
Q

which of the following correctly lists the four adult animal tissue types?

a. mesoderm, ectoderm, endoderm, and muscle
b. mesoderm, endoderm, ectoderm, and epiderm
c. epithelial, endothelial, muscle, and nervous
d. nervous, muscle, connective, and epithelial

A

d. nervous, muscle, connective, and epithelial

56
Q

which of the following is true about diploblastic organisms?

a. the ectoderm forms choanocytes
b. the endoderm forms the central nervous system
c. they have radial symmetry
d. earthworms are included in this group of organisms

A

. they have radial symmetry

57
Q

to which of these groups do jelly fish belong?

a. protostome animals
b. deuterostomes animals
c. diploblastic animals

A

c. diploblastic

58
Q

to which of these groups do sea urchins belong?

a. protostome animals
b. deuterostomes animals
c. diploblastic animals

A

b. deuterostomes

59
Q

to which of these groups do crabs and cockroaches belong?

a. protostome animals
b. deuterostomes animals
c. diploblastic animals

A

protostomes

60
Q

to which of these groups do humans belong?

a. protostome animals
b. deuterostomes animals
c. diploblastic animals

A

deuterostomes

61
Q

to which of these groups do clams and snails belong?

a. protostome animals
b. deuterostomes animals
c. diploblastic animals

A

protostome

62
Q

what is the hollow ball of undifferentiated cells called that is formed during early embryonic development?

a. blastula
b. morula
c. gastrula
d. neurula

A

a. blastula

63
Q

what stage of early embryonic development forms the morula stage embryo?

a. fertilization
b. gastrulation
c. cleavage
d. neurulation

A

c. cleavage

64
Q

which of the following is true of deuterostomes?

a. they have two embryonic tissue layers and the blastopore becomes the anus
b. they have three embryonic tissue layers the the blastopore becomes the anus
c. they have three embryonic tissue layers and the blastopore becomes the mouth
d. they have two embryonic tissue layers the blastopore becomes the mouth

A

b. they have three embryonic tissue layers the the blastopore becomes the anus

65
Q

bones

a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm

A

mesoderm

66
Q

lining of the digestive tract

a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm

A

b. endoderm

67
Q

epidermis of the skin

a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm

A

a. ectoderm

68
Q

spinal cord and brain

a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm

A

a. ectoderm

69
Q

the liver, pancreas, and lungs

a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm

A

b. endoderm

70
Q

skeletal muscle

a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm

A

c. mesoderm

71
Q

jelly fish

a. protostome
b. deuterostome
c. diploblastic

A

diploblastic

72
Q

sea urchin

a. protostome
b. deuterostome
c. diploblastic

A

deuterostome

73
Q

crabs and cockroaches

a. protostome
b. deuterostome
c. diploblastic

A

protostome

74
Q

fish and humans

a. protostome
b. deuterostome
c. diploblastic

A

deuterostome

75
Q

clams and snails

a. protostome
b. deuterostome
c. diploblastic

A

protostome

76
Q

echinoderms are more closely related to humans than they are arthropods

true or false

A

true

77
Q

lophotrochozoans are more closely related to fish than they are humans

true or false

A

false

78
Q

cnidarian embryos have endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm

true or false

A

false

79
Q

grasshoppers are more closely related to shrimp than they are to earthworms

true or false

A

true

80
Q

choose the correct sequence of animal development

a. gastrulation, cleavage, organogenesis, fertilization
b. fertilization, cleavage, organogenesis, gastrulation
c. fertilization, gastrulation, organogenesis, cleavage
d. fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation, organogenesis

A

d. fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation, organogenesis

81
Q

gametes are produced by

a. meiotic cell division in sporophyte cells
b. mitotic cell division in sporophyte cells
c. mitotic cell division in gametophyte cells
d. meiotic cell division in sporophyte cells

A

c. mitotic cell division in gametophyte cells

82
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the inner membrane of the chloroplast

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacteium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

b

83
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the outer membrane of the chloroplast

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacteium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

a.

84
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the thylakoid of the chloroplast

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacteium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

c

85
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the outer membrane of the mitochondria

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacteium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

a

86
Q

the endosymbiotic origin of the inner membrane of the mitochondria

a. the plasma membrane of an ancient cell that endocytosed another prokaryotic cell
b. the outer membrane of an ancient cyanobacterium
c. the plasma membrane of an ancient cyanobacteium
d. the plasma membrane of an ancient proteobacterium
e. the outer membrane of an ancient proteobacterium

A

d

87
Q

during which process are different alleles of the same gene separated?

a. during plant spore formation
b. during plant gamete formation
c. during plant spore formation and plant gamete formation

A

a. during plant spore formation

88
Q

during which process are homologous chromosomes separated?

a. during plant spore formation
b. during plant gamete formation
c. during plant spore formation and plant gamete formation

A

a. during plant spore formation

89
Q

during which process are sister chromatids separated?

a. during plant spore formation
b. during plant gamete formation
c. during plant spore formation and plant gamete formation

A

c. during plant spore formation and plant gamete formation

90
Q

during which process does a diploid cell become haploid?

a. during plant spore formation
b. during plant gamete formation
c. during plant spore formation and plant gamete formation

A

a. during plant spore formation

91
Q

which of the following best describes a pair of homologous chromosomes?

a. a pair of chromosomes that have the same genes in the same order, but possibly with different alleles of some of the genes
b. a pair of chromosomes that have the same alleles of the same genes arranged in the same order
c. a pair of chromosomes that have different alleles of the same genes arranged in different order

A

a. a pair of chromosomes that have the same genes in the same order, but possibly with different alleles of some of the genes

92
Q

which of the following correctly describes a homologous pair of chromosomes in prophase of meiosis 1?

a. four replicated chromosomes, each of which is one double-stranded DNA molecule
b. four replicated chromosomes, each of which is two double-stranded DNA molecule
c. two replicated chromosomes, each of which is two double-stranded DNA molecules
d. two replicated chromosomes, each of which is one double-stranded DNA molecules

A

c. two replicated chromosomes, each of which is two double-stranded DNA molecules

BIO 112 (3 decks)

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