Unit Three Flashcards
Rights as citizens
Civil Rights
Unfair and less equal treatment toward a particular group
Discrimination
helping minorities and women gain access to jobs and opportunities that were denied to them in the past because of discrimination
Affirmative Action
Separation because of race
Segregation
things we are required to do and if we fail to perform them we are subject to legal penalties
Duties
things we should do or obligations we fulfill voluntarily
Responsibilities
Call up (usually for the military)
Draft
respecting and accepting others, regardless of their beliefs, practices, or other differences
Toleration
a group of people who share the same interests and concerns
Communities
pertaining to the people in a community or for the use of all
Public
the health, prosperity, and happiness of all members of the community
Welfare
Surroundings
Environment
Protection from unfair and unreasonable actions by the government
Cannot arrest, imprison, or punish people or search or seize their property without good reason
Security
Everyone is entitled to equal protection of all laws of the US
Equality
The rights with which we are most familiar-our fundamental rights-fall in this category
Liberty
3 categories of rights
Security, equality, and liberty
In the 1950s and 60s many African Americans began an organized fight for their rights as citizens
The Civil Rights Movement
Name some types of discrimination
Separate schools
Required to ride in the back of the bus (Rosa Parks)
Separate sections in restaurants and theaters
Separate public facilities
This act banned discrimination, on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, or national origin…in employment, voting, and public accommodations
Civil Rights Act of 1964
This act empowered the federal government to intervene in places where African American’s right to vote was being restricted
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
In 1996 in California, prohibits the government from giving preferential treatment to any group
Proposition 209
When was the last time the US used the draft?
The Vietnam war
Name some services the community should supply
Trash collection, police force, fire fighters, and schools
What are the basic functions of a political parties?
Select and support candidates, inform the public, carry the message of the people to the government, act as a watchdog over government activities, serve as a link between different levels and branches of government
people seeking elected office
Canidate
winning more votes or seats in the legislature than any other party
Plurality
More than half
Majority
An alliance
Coalition
minor parties that challenge the major parties other than each other
Third party
Name three third parties of the US
Populist, Progressive, and Prohibition parties
Libertarian and green
Name
Nominate
an effort to gather support for its candidates and inform the voters of the party’s stand on issues
Campaign
giving jobs or special favors to party workers
Patronage
a geographical area that contains a specific number of voters
Precinct
when a strong parties candidates get elected year after year
Political machine
statement of a parties goals and positions on various public issues
What a party stands on
Platform
each item in the platform
Plank
The success of our community relies on ____
Volunteers
What system does out country use for political parties?
Two Party System
Why did our founding fathers not want political parties?
Believed they would split the nation apart and destroy the republic
Why do both parties stay away from extreme positions?
It might reject the voters
What are the two main parties of the US?
Democrats and Republicans
Tend to believe that the federal government should be more directly involved in providing housing, income, education, and jobs for the poor
Democrats
Tend to believe that if they help the nation’s economy grow, poor people will find work on their own
Republicans
Three or more parties compete for control of the government
Multiparty system
Where are third parties common?
Europe, Israel, and Japan
The party and the government are nearly the same
One party system
Who has a one party system?
China an the communist party
drew strength from merchants and bankers
Federalist
relied on support of the nation’s small farmers, planters, shopkeepers, and laborers
Anti Federalists/Democratic Republicans
Small farmers and working people
Democrats
Northern bankers, merchants, big plantation owners and manufacturers
Whigs
By the 1850s both parties split over _____
Slavery
Who became the first Republican president?
Abraham Lincoln
Called for a direct election of the Senators
And For an 8 hour work day
Populist party
The local party organization consists of a ____, ____, or ______, committee made up of people elected by fellow party members
city, town, or county
workers concentrating on electing candidates to state offices
State committees
A nation committee is made of representatives from each state that helps with the election of the president
National committee
Held once every four years
Where party members nominate their candidates for President and Vice President
Party Members also formulate the party’s platform, the statement of its positions on public issues
National Convention
One of the National Committees biggest and most important roles is to organize the ____
National Convention
What do voters want in a candidate?
Attractive
Experienced
Why are we having a decline in party loyalty?
People are now moving from place to place more often
Technological changes such a television
In most states you have to _____ to be able to vote.
18
Resident of the state for a specific period of time
A citizen of the US
Registered to vote
How do you prepare yourself to vote?
Register
Learn about the candidates and the issues
Look for candidates whose opinions on particular issues are similar to your own
What are some factors that limit voting?
Not allowed to (Mental hospitals and convicted of serious crimes) ill on Election Day Forgot to register, Doesn't have a permanent address Apathy
What are some reasons for voting?
Get to chose government leaders
Voice opinion on the past performance of public officials
To express opinions on public issues
A meeting of political party members to conduct party business
Caucus
In some areas members elect delegates to attend what is know as a
Nominating Convention
Held among party members to nominate canidates to run for office
Primary Elections
Primary where only declared party members may vote and only for their own party
Closed Primary
Primary where voters do not have to register with one of the parties
They choose the party to vote for after entering the voting booth
Open Primary
The Ds and Rs each choose their president and VP nominees at a national convention held during the summer of election year
First step in nominating presidential candidates
When a famous and popular person supports or campaigns for a candidate
Endorsements
Political campaigns spend much time and money in an effort to create the right image for a candidate
Very effective campaign tool that allows a party to press only its candidate’s position or point of views
Attacks opens with offering an opportunity to respond
Advertising
Such as Nelson talking with farmers, Ricketts in small town cafe wearing a red stocking cap
Image Molding
Going door to door asking for support or talking polls
Canvassing
People who make sure that voters are properly registered and do not vote more than once
Election board workers
Touching a screen or pushing certain buttons
Kinda like an ATM
Computerized voting
Punch a hole or check a box
Paper and pen ballot
When is Election Day?
First Tuesday after the first Monday in November
the people who are eligible to vote in an election
Electorate
a test given to prove that the voter could read and write and understand public issues
Literacy test
Lack of interest
Apathy
an attempt to promote a particular person or idea
Propaganda
political fundraising organizations established by corporations short for political action committee
PACS
the locations where votes are cast
Polling Place
voting for all the candidates of a single party
Straight Ticket
Voting for candidates of different parties
Split Ticket
asking voters how they voted
Exit Poll
votes cast directly by the people
Popular vote
the elected people’s votes
Electoral vote
proposed new law
Proposition
a method by which voters can approve or reject a measure passed by the state legislature or by local government
Referendum
when citizens propose laws or state constitutional amendments
Initiative
when voters vote to remove a public official from office
Recall
