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Civics > Unit Four > Flashcards

Unit Four Flashcards

1
Q

Two-house legislature

A

Bicameral

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2
Q

dividing a state into odd-shapes districts for strictly political reasons

A

Gerrymandering

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3
Q

the right to send job-related mail without paying postage

A

Franking Privelege

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4
Q

Legal protection

A

Immunity

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5
Q

how Congress carries out its work in two regular time periods

A

Session

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6
Q

the majority party’s floor leader

A

Majority leader

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7
Q

The minority’s party floor leader

A

Minority leader

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8
Q

person who assists each floor leader

Keeping others in check

A

Party Whip

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9
Q

the leader of the House of Representatives

A

Speaker of the House

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10
Q

the president “for the time being” / the person that handles the day to day leadership of the Senate

A

President Pro Tempore

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11
Q

a permanent committee that specializes in a particular topic

A

Standing Committee

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12
Q

temporary committees that deal with issues that need specialized attention

A

Selection Committee

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13
Q

committee that includes both members of houses

A

Joint Committee

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14
Q

special joint committee that helps the House and Senate agree on details of a proposed law

A

Conference Committee

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15
Q

the most desirable committee assignments are given to the congressman who have served the longest

A

Seniority System

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16
Q

powers listed specifically in Article I

A

Expressed Powers

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17
Q

accusing a government officials of wrongdoing, put them on trial, and if necessary remove them from office

A

Impeach

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18
Q

involving money

A

Appropriations

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19
Q

set aside a bill without even considering it

A

Pigeonhole

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20
Q

killing a bill by talking until the bill’s sponsor withdraws it

A

Filibuster

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21
Q

limits a senator to one hour of debate with a filibuster

A

Cloture

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22
Q

when those who support the bill say yay, and those who opposed say nay

A

Voice Vote

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23
Q

when members who support a bill are asked to stand and be counted

A

Standing Vote

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24
Q

when each members name is individually called and he or she is asked for their vote

A

Roll-call Vote

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25
Q

when the president does not sign a bill in 10 days and Congress is not in session

A

Pocket Veto

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26
Q

a group made up of the heads of the executive departments, the Vice President, and other officials

A

Cabinet

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27
Q

large network of agencies and individuals that oversee the execution of laws

A

Bureaucracy

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28
Q

rule or command the President issues that has the force of law

A

Executive Order

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29
Q

an official representative of a country’s government

A

Ambassador

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30
Q

a formal agreement between two or more countries

A

Treaty

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31
Q

an agreement between the President and the leader of another country

A

Executive Agreement

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32
Q

a declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment

A

Pardon

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33
Q

an order to delay a person’s punishment

A

Reprieve

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34
Q

similar to pardon except it applies to a group rather than an individual

A

Amnesty

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35
Q

matters affecting only the US

A

Domestic

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36
Q

a plan for dealing with other nations

A

Foreign Policy

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37
Q

A foreign nation’s office

A

Embassy

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38
Q

offices to help Americans in various countries

A

Consulate

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39
Q

an official that heads a consulate

A

Consul

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40
Q

an official document that identifies a traveler as an American citizen

A

Passport

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41
Q

a permit allowing a person to remain here for a certain amount of time

A

Visa

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42
Q

How long is a Senator’s term?

A

Six years

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43
Q

What are some qualifications for being a Senator?

A

Must be at least 30
US citizen for 9 years
Resident of your state

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44
Q

How long are House of Representative’s terms?

A

2 years

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45
Q

What are some qualifications for being a representative?

A

Must be 25
Must be a US citizen for 7 years
Must live in the state you represent

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46
Q

What are some benefits/privileges of being in Congress?

A

Free office space, parking, transportation, assistants, office staff, supplies, and discounts on medical care and haircuts
Congressmen also have a franking privilege and immunity

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47
Q

What are some expressed powers?

A

MAJOR ONES, Collect taxes, Borrow money
Regulate foreign and interstate commerce, Set up a postal system, Maintain armed service, Declare war
Regulate immigration and naturalization

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48
Q

Name some Non-legislative powers

A

The power to propose amendments to the Constitution
The power to investigate
The power to impeach

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49
Q

When two version of the same bill are passed, the conflicting bills are sent to

A

Conference Committees

50
Q

If the president vetoes a bill, congress may override the veto. How much of the Senate have to vote in favor?

A

2/3s

51
Q

What are the three requirements to be president?

A

Native born (not naturalized) citizen of the US
At least 35 years old
Have lived in the US for at least 14 years

52
Q

Similar characteristic of presidents

A 
Most have been white males
All but one have been Protestants 
Many  have been of British ancestry
Most have attended college
Many gain their careers as lawyers
53
Q

What are three main roles of the President?

A

Chief Diplomat, Chief Executive, and Commander and Chief

54
Q

The Senate has to approve treaties by a _____ vote.

A

2/3

55
Q

As Commander in Chief, the President is the leader of the ____.

A

Armed forces

56
Q

This Act requires the President to notify Congress immediately when troops are sent into battle

A

The War Powers Act of 1973

57
Q

Troops must be brought home after _____ days unless Congress gives it approval

A

60

58
Q

How long is a Supreme Court Justice’s term?

A

For life

59
Q

What are the people of the Executive Office of the President responsible for?

A

Providing advice and helping the president

60
Q

What is the most important Office of the EOP?

A

The White House Office

61
Q

What does the White House Office do?

A

Assists the president in running the nation

62
Q

Who “really runs the White House”? They are also the most powerful in the WHO.

A

The chief of staff

63
Q

What does the Press Secretary do?

A

provides reporters with news about, and statements from, the president

64
Q

Who prepares the federal budget and gathers stats about the nation’s economy?

A

The Office of Management and Budget

65
Q

Who is the head of the OMB?

A

The budget director

66
Q

What are the leaders of each department called? What is the leader of the Justice Department called?

A

Secretaries, attorney general

67
Q

What Department manages US relations with foreign countries?

A

The Department of State

68
Q

Who handles the nation’s money?

A

The Department of the Treasury

69
Q

Oversees the army, navy, marines, and the air force

A

Department of Defense

70
Q

Who handles a wide range of law enforcement activities?

A

The Department of Justice

71
Q

Manages the land of the US, responsible for the management of And conservation of the nation’s lands and natural resources

A

Department of the Interior

72
Q

What is the best known Department inside the Department of the Interior?

A

The National Parks Service

73
Q

Helps both farmers and the consumers of farm products

A

USDA

74
Q

division of the department of Ag, helps maintain the quality and safety of meat and poultry

A

The Food Safety and Inspection Service

75
Q

Encourages the growth of American business
Supervises international trade
Promotes tourism and business
Collects information about the country’s economic well being

A

The Department of Commerce

76
Q

Department within the Labor division that sets health and safety standards that employers must meet to protect their workers from physical harm

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

77
Q

Collects info about the market and working conditions

A

Bureau of Labor Statistics

78
Q

Works for the Health and well-being of Americans
Concerned with the welfare of Americans
Manages Social Secuirty
Provides finnacial support for people who might otherwise be in poverty

A

The Department of Health and Human Services

79
Q

Operates programs that distribute federal grants to state and local governments
Helps pay for such projects as rebuilding slums, improving neighborhoods, and building lower-income housing

A

The Department of Housing and Urban Developement

80
Q

Manages the nation’s highways, railways, airlines, and sea traffic

A

DOT

81
Q

Regulates the development and use of US oil and gas resources
Conduct research into ways to use these fuels more efficiently and to develop other sources of energy

A

Department of Energy

82
Q

Provides free education
Offers advice and assistance to state and local governments in regards to education
Federal money helps to fund special education programs

A

Department of Education

83
Q

Provides military vets with helpful benefits
Healthcare
Finnacial Aid for eduction

A

Department of Veteran Affairs

84
Q

An executive agency that gathers political and military information on foreign nations

A

CIA

85
Q

What is an example of a government corporation?

A

The postal service

86
Q

Who started the spoils system?

A

President Andrew Jackson in 1829

87
Q

What Act turned the spoils system into the merit system?

A

The Pendleton Act of 1883

88
Q

inefficiently caused by too many rules and regulations

A

Red Tape

89
Q

giving jobs as a reward for party loyalty

A

Spoils system

90
Q

giving jobs to those most qualified

A

Merit system

91
Q

workers whose primary duty is to serve the government and its citizens

A

Civil servant

92
Q

an independent agency responsible for dealing with certain specialized areas of government

A

Executive agencies

93
Q

independent agencies that protect the public by controlling certain types of businesses and industries

A

Regulatory commission

94
Q

is similar to a private corporation, except that the government rather than individuals owns and operates it

A

Government Corporation

95
Q

cases in which juries decide whether people have committed crimes

A

Criminal case

96
Q

cases in which two sides disagree over some issue

A

Civil case

97
Q

the authority to hear and decide a case

A

Jurisdiction

98
Q

which means that only the federal courts may hear a decide cases

A

Exclusive Jurisdiction

99
Q

when the state and federal courts are said to share Jurisdiction

A

Concurrent Jurisdiction

100
Q

the federal courts where trials are held and lawsuits are begun

A

District court

101
Q

the authority to hear cases for the first time

A

Original Jurisdiction

102
Q

someone who issues court orders and hears the preliminary evidence in a case to determine whether the case should be brought to trial

A

Magistrate

103
Q

arrests suspects, delivers defendants to court, and serves people with subpoena

A

Marshal

104
Q

a court order requiring someone to appear in court

A

Subpoen

105
Q

the courts above the district courts

A

Court of Appeals

106
Q

hearing only cases that have come to them on appeal from the lower district courts or from federal regulatory agencies

A

Appellant Jurisdiction

107
Q

a particular geographical area pertaining to jurisdiction

A

Circuit

108
Q

Return

A

Remand

109
Q

a trial before a panel of military officers

A

Court-marshal

110
Q

the Court can review any federal or state law to see if it is in agreement with the Constitution

A

Judicial review

111
Q

in conflict with the Constitution

A

Unconstitutional

112
Q

Written arguments

A

Briefs

113
Q

Calendar

A

Docket

114
Q

Opposing sides

A

Adversaries

115
Q

“to make more certain” directs a lower court to send its records on a case to the Supreme Court for review

A

Writ of Certiorari

116
Q

a statement explaining the majority view in a case in which justices are divided

A

Majority opinion

117
Q

a statement that a Justice who agrees with the majority opinion decision but for different reasons writes

A

Concurring Opinion

118
Q

a statement that a Justice who opposes the majority decision writes

A

Dissenting Opinion

119
Q

District courts handle about ______ criminal and civil cases a year

A

300,000

120
Q

Name some special federal courts

A

US tax Court
US Court of Federal Claims
US Court of Military Appeals
US Court of International Trade

Civics (7 decks)

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