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Civics > Unit One > Flashcards

Unit One Flashcards

1
Q

Civics

A

The study of citizenship and government

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2
Q

Government

A

The power or authority that rules a country

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3
Q

What is the highest form of government?

A

The national government

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4
Q

A government where one person or a small group of people have all the power

A

Dictatorship

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5
Q

A government where citizens hold the power to rule and to make the laws

A

Democracy

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6
Q

Everyone votes on every single aspect of government

A

Direct democracy

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7
Q

Citizens vote on representatives, who make decisions on government

A

Representative democracy

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8
Q

A child is born in the US, but both of his parents are citizens of Canada. What is the child?

A

A US citizen

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9
Q

A child is born in Canada, but both of his parents are US citizens. What is the child?

A

A US Citizen

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10
Q

People who are in the US and are not citizens

A

Aliens

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11
Q

Aliens that are long-term and intend to live in the US permanently

A

Immigrants

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12
Q

A document allowing a person to be inside the US for a short amount of time

A

Temporary visa

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13
Q

Sent back to their own country

A

Deported

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14
Q

The process by which aliens become citizens

A

Naturalization

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15
Q

How long do you have to wait to become a citizen?

A

3 years for spouses of citizens

5 years for everyone else

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16
Q

Last step in the naturalization process

A

Taking the oath of loyalty

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17
Q

When was the first census taken?

A

1790

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18
Q

Census

A

official count of people in the USA including aliens

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19
Q

Name some questions the census asks

A

where is everyone living, their income, and employment. (Demographic)

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20
Q

When did the first Europeans settle in America?

A

1500s and 1600s

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21
Q

People who have lost their homes because of war, famine, or political oppression

A

Refugees

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22
Q

Factors increasing population

A

Birthrate growth and immigration

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23
Q

When was the first shift in population?

A

the mid 1800s when people moved to cities in search of work

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24
Q

What did King John sign in 1215?

A

The Magna Carta

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25
Q

Parliament

A

a group of nobles and church officials who advised the king and helped govern

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26
Q

a group of people who makes laws for a state or country

A

Legislature

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27
Q

The upper house of Parliament

A

House of Lords (made of nobles)

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28
Q

The lower house of Parliament

A

House of Commons (representatives of towns)

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29
Q

When did the Glorious Revolution start?

A

1688

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30
Q

When was the English Bill of Rights created?

A

1689

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31
Q

What gave Parliament the sole power and control over England?

A

The English Bill of Rights

32
Q

England never created one document that contains all the laws that govern their nation. They are said to have…

A

…an unwritten constitution

33
Q

a legal system based on the precedent from previous cases

A

Common law

34
Q

a group of people in one place who are ruled by another place

A

Colony

35
Q

Virginia in 1607, the first permanent English settlement was founded at…

A

Jamestown

36
Q

Problems the Jamestown colonists faced

A

Hunger
Disease
Crop shortage
Native attacks

37
Q

1st legislature in colonial America

A

House of Burgesses

38
Q

When did the Plymouth colonists arrive?

A

1620

39
Q

Before they reaches America the Plymouth colonists wrote a document called the

A

Mayflower Compact

40
Q

an agreement, or contract, made among a group of people

A

Compact

41
Q

Each colonial government had…

A

A governor

A legislature

42
Q

In 1760 who became king

A

George III

43
Q

In 1765, Stamps were attached to each and all legal documents and newspapers for tax…

A

Stamp Act

44
Q

Common colonist saying when it came to high taxes

A

No taxation without representation!

45
Q

refuse to buy

A

Boycott

46
Q

Parliament repealed some taxes but to show they still had power they passed the

A

Intolerable Acts

47
Q

Canceled

A

Repealed

48
Q

Who did they send their letter of demands to?

A

King George III

49
Q

What was the king’s response to their demands?

A

He attacked at Lexington and Concord

50
Q

What did they talk about at the Second Continental Congress?

A

majority tips to fight for independence and decide to appoint a committee to write a declaration

51
Q

When was the Second Continental Congress?

A

May 1775

52
Q

Who was chief author of the DOI?

A

Thomas Jefferson

53
Q

All people are equal

A

Rousseau

54
Q

People have natural rights (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness)

A

John Locke

55
Q

Citizens obey laws, government protect rights

A

Social compact

56
Q

When did Congress approve the DOI?

A

July 4, 1776

57
Q

The DOI didn’t not declare America as what?

A

One country. They were 13 separate states with their own governments.

58
Q

Similarities between states

A 
Each state wrote own constitutions
Each state had legislature to pass laws
Each state had governor to carry out laws
Each had courts to interpret the laws
Many had Bill of Rights
59
Q

Deciding what a law means and how to apply it

A

Interpret

60
Q

A document guaranteeing certain basic freedoms

A

Bill of Rights

61
Q

a group of individuals who band together for a common purpose

A

Confederation

62
Q

Congress developed what in 1777?

A

The Articles of Confederation

63
Q

What did the Articles look like?

A

Had a goal to create a system of cooperation.
Included one house legislature where each state had one vote
Congress controlled the army and dealt with foreign affairs

64
Q

What made the Articles so weak?

A

Congress had no power to enforce laws or tax
9 states had to be in favor to pass a law
All 13 states had to agree to amend a law

65
Q

In 1786 who believed they were being taxed too much?

A

Daniel Shays

66
Q

Why were the courts of Massachusetts threatening to take away Daniel Shays’ farm.

A

Shays couldn’t afford to pay the high taxes

67
Q

What was the significant of Shays’ Rebellion?

A

He showed the need for a stronger federal government

68
Q

Theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys

A

Mercantilism

68
Q

Numerical limits on the # of people who can enter the country

A

Quota

68
Q

Mass movement from one place to another

A

Migration

68
Q

Town Meeting

A

where the local citizens would gather to discuss and vote on important issues

68
Q

formal meeting at which delegates discuss matters of common concern

A

Congress

68
Q

Approve

A

Ratify

68
Q

Change

A

Amend

68
Q

ruling in an earlier case that was similar to the present case

A

Precedent

Civics (7 decks)

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