Unit Test Flashcards
How do continents move?
Seafloor spreading makes the tectonic plates move, thus making the continents move as well.
What forces change rocks?
Weathering and erosion
How does plate motion affect the rock cycle?
At different plate boundaries, rocks are formed.
Ex: At divergent plate boundaries, igneous rocks are formed from the magma and at convergent plate boundaries, sedimentary rocks are formed.
How is Earth’s surface shaped by plate motion?
Plate motion makes earthquakes and other things that change Earth’s surface and creates faults and stuff.
What is the difference between old and young mountains?
Older mountains are smoother and shorter because they were wearer down from a lot of weathering and erosion over a long period of time. Younger mountains are rockier and taller and haven’t been weathered and eroded down as much as older mountains.
What forces cause mountains to lose their shape?
Weathering and erosion.
What is weathering and erosion?
Weathering- the breaking down of something
Erosion- the gradual destruction of rocks, soil, minerals, etc.
What is isostasy?
The equilibrium between continental crust and the denser mantle below it.
What is subsidence and uplift?
Subsidence- the downward vertical motion of Earth’s surface
Uplift- the upward vertical motion of Earth’s surface.
What are the types of stress and what plate boundaries do they occur at?
Tensional stress-Divergent plate boundary ⬅️➡️
Compressional stress-Convergent plate boundary➡️⬅️
Shear stress-Transform plate boundary➡️
⬅️
What are the two types of strain?
Plastic- when rocks cannot go back to their original state
Elastic- when rocks can return to their original state
What is rock failure?
When strain breaks rocks rather than changing it, and faults form as a result of rock failure.
What is the rock cycle?
The rock cycle is a model that describes the formation, breakdown, and reformation of a rock as a result of sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic processes.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
When bits of rock or sediment are carried away, p they land and over time layers of sediment are formed and cemented together.
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
By hear and pressure.
