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Unit test 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

7 statements of living things.

A
  1. Living things are made up of one or more cells
  2. Living things REPRODUCE, REPAIR and GROW.
  3. All living things require energy
  4. All living things react or respon to channges in the enviroment.
  5. All living things have a life span.
  6. All living things produce waste.
  7. All living things exchange gases.
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2
Q

What is cell theory (three answers) :

A

The cell is the basic unit of life
All organisms are made up of one or more cells
All cells come from pre-existing cells

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3
Q

Organs of a cell:

A

Organelles

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4
Q

Direct cell activity/the brain:

A

Nucleus

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5
Q

Has the construction plans/DNA of the cells:

A

ChromosomesSt

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6
Q

Stores water and food for the cell/the fridge

A

Vacoule

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7
Q

Allows organelles to move in the cell/jell-o like substance:

A

Cytoplasm

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8
Q

Power house of the cell/the battery:

A

Mitochondria

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9
Q

Adds support and protection to the cell/the crutch:

A

Cell wall

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10
Q

Contains food for a plant/the chef:

A

Chloroplast

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11
Q

Allows and refuses things into and out of the cell/Security guard:

A

Cell membrane

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12
Q

Types of membranes:
Most things get through

A

Permeable

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13
Q

Types of membranes:
Nothing can get through

A

Impermeable

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14
Q

Types of membranes:
Some things can get through

A

Selectivley permeable

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15
Q

The net movement of a substance travels DOWN its concentration gradient:

A

High to low concentration.

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16
Q

When diffusion reaches the equilibrium, the net movement of molecules is zero, does this mean they’ve stopped moving?

A

No, this does not mean they stopped moving. This is because they nevver stop moving and when one changes sides it’s replaced by another

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17
Q

Does simple diffusin require an imput of energy?

A

No

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18
Q

Is simple diffusion passive or active transport:

A

Passive

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19
Q

Does facilitated diffusion require an imput of energy?

A

Yes

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20
Q

Is facilitated diffusion passive or active?

A

Active

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21
Q

Osmosis refers only to the diffusion of ______

A

Water

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22
Q

What happens to a cell once it’s put into salt water, and what is the difference to when its put in fresh water?

A

In fresh water, water rushes into the cell and makes it explode, in salt water all the water leaves the cell and - at its worst- implodes.

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23
Q

water moves towards a ________ consentration of solute molecules

A

Higher

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24
Q

Holds the objective lenses

A

Revolving nose piece

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25
Q

Magnifies the specimen with different powers

A

Objective Lenses

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26
Q

Focuses light to the specimen being viewed

A

Condenser Lens

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27
Q

Regulates the amount of reaching the specimen

A

Diaphragm

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28
Q

Used with the low-power objective lens only

A

Coarse-adjustment Knob

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29
Q

Also known as the eyepiece

A

Ocular Lens

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30
Q

Puts the specimen into sharper focus

A

Fine-adjustment Knob

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31
Q

The simple design and small size of _____________________ cells enable them to grow rapidly and divide, and to survive in almost any environment.

A

Bactria

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32
Q

Bacteria are different from animal and plant cells in that they have no______________, no ________________________, and no ribosomes.

A

Nucleus, Mitochondria

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33
Q

__________________ – contain chloroplasts, an eyespot, contractile vacuoles and also has a flagellum

A

Euglena

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34
Q

_________________ - bloblike organisms, pseudopod for travel, and feed by wrapping themselves around their food

A

Amoeba

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35
Q

_____________ - cilia for movement and feeding, and contain an oral groove, a gullet and contractile vacuoles.

A

Paramecium

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36
Q

MOVEMENT :
Cilia tiny hairs

A

Paramecium

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37
Q

MOVEMENT :
Pseudopod Streachs Cytoplasm Oozes

A

Amoeba

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38
Q

MOVEMENT :
Flagellum “whip tail”

A

Euglena

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39
Q

NUTRITION
Uses cilia to sweep food into its oral groove down the gulet to the food vacoule

A

Paramecium

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40
Q

NUTRITION
Oral groove uses pseudopods to wrap around and engolph its food

A

Amoeba

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41
Q

NUTRITION
Uses Chloroplasts for photosynphasis

A

Euglena

42
Q

What direction was the e facing in the microscope

A

Upside Down

43
Q

What direction does the specimen apeer to move when move it to the left

A

The Right

44
Q

When changing the magnifacation higher does the field of view become smaller , bigger or stay the same

A

Smaller

45
Q

Why should the coarse adjustment knob never be used on medium and high power

A

It moves the stage up and down and could bump into the lens ruining your specimen

46
Q

basic unit of life

A

Cell

47
Q

A group of cells simular in shape and function

A

Tissue

48
Q

Several different tissues that combine and work together to accomplish a specific function

A

Organ

49
Q

A group of organs that have related functions

A

organ systems

50
Q

A continuous layer covering the entire body surface and most of the body’s inner cavities. It mainly serves to protect the animal. Ex. skin, lining inside the mouth and around organs.

A

Epithelial tissue:

51
Q

Functions in holding structures together as well as providing support. Ex. tendons, bone, and blood (provides nutrients to most cells and removes their waste).

A

Connective tissue

52
Q

A specialized tissue that can contract and is responsible for movement in animals. There are three types:

Smooth Muscle – involuntary, Ex. moving food from one end of your digestive tract to the other.
Skeletal Muscle – voluntary, Ex. using your biceps to bend your arm.
Cardiac Muscle – involuntary, found only in the heart.

A

Muscle tissue

53
Q

Tissue surrounding the brain and nerve cord, made of cells called neurons.

A

Nervous tissue

54
Q

protects from water loss and outside enviorment

A

Integumentry

55
Q

Major role in gas exchange

A

Respetory

56
Q

Provides active defense against invators

A

Lymphatic

57
Q

Allows for movement

A

Muscle

58
Q

Transports gases and nutrients

A

Circulatory

59
Q

coordinates involuntary and voluntary responses

A

Nervous

60
Q

Major role in horomone production

A

Endocrine

61
Q

Exretes waste material and very important for homeostasis

A

Excretory

62
Q

Involved in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

A

Digestive

63
Q

Supports the body

A

Skeletal

64
Q

Ouch! You step on a tack and jerk away without even thinking. Then you decide to pick up the tack and place it back in a desk drawer.
Name two systems affected

A

Nervous , Muscle

65
Q

You drink two cans of your favorite sugary soda, even though you know this is not healthy for you. You
have to run to the
bathroom before the next class period starts.
Name two systems affected

A

Digestive , Exretory

66
Q

Why is it important to a plant to have air space between the cells in the middle of each leaf

A

Gas exchange can happen faster

67
Q

Allows gases to reach cells in a plant

A

Air space

68
Q

Transports water from roots to leaves

A

Xylem Vessle

69
Q

Allows gases to move in and out of leaf

A

Stomates

70
Q

Controls movement of gases in and out of leaf

A

Guard Cell

71
Q

Location of photosynthesis in a plant

A

Palisade

72
Q

Transports sugars and nutrients in a plant

A

Phloem Vessel

73
Q

Protects against invadors in a plant

A

Cutical

74
Q

Why is the ability to move water important to the survival of plants

A

Plants need water for photosynthesis

75
Q

What structures in plants help move water, and sugar

A

Xylem and Phloem vessels

76
Q

Some insects get their nutrients by sticking a needlelike mouth part into a plant which vessel do you belive their taping

A

Phloem Vessel

77
Q

Is the Xylem vessel alive or dead

A

Dead

78
Q

Is the Phloem vessel alive or dead

A

Alive

79
Q

What substance does the Xylem carrie

A

Water

80
Q

What substance does the Phloem carrie

A

Sugar

81
Q

What direction does the Xylem go

A

Up

82
Q

What direction does the Phloem go

A

Down

83
Q

Explain root pressure

A

Water enters the root by OSMOSIS and PUSHED up the plant

84
Q

Explain transpiration

A

Water gets EVAPORATED and PULLED up the plant

85
Q

Which one of these is not a way water enters a plant :
Root pressure
diffusion
Capillarity
Transpiration

A

Diffusion

86
Q

Describe the parts of leaf that make gas exchange possible

A

Spoungy mesophyll- allows gases to happen quickly
Guard cells - controles movement of gases in and out
Stomates - hole opening

87
Q

Are viruses considerd alive ? why or why not ?

A

No they are not alive because they can not reproduce

88
Q

TRUE OR FALSE IF FALSE EXPLAIN
Viruses can be treated with antibodys

A

False because antibodys only kill living things

89
Q

TRUE OR FALSE IF FALSE EXPLAIN
Viruses are smaller than the hosts they infect.

A

True

90
Q

TRUE OR FALSE IF FALSE EXPLAIN
Viruses require a host to reproduce

A

True

91
Q

TRUE OR FALSE IF FALSE EXPLAIN
Viruses only target animals

A

False they also target plants

92
Q

Describe two ways in which white blood cells protect the body from infection and disease

A

Atacks the invaders ENGOULPHING it directly
Makes antibodys

93
Q

What is a antibody

A

Antibodys are large molecules that lock onto invaders stopping them from reprodusing

94
Q

Will an antibody produced for one virus, work on a different virus why or why not

A

No because it would not be the right shape

95
Q

How do vaccines work?

A

-Ingecting dead or weak virus
-Makes antibody
- Ready for real thing

96
Q

What is organic food

A

Organic food is not sprayed with chemicals

97
Q

What is geneticly modified food

A

Geneticly modified food is food thats dna is changed or modified

98
Q

Whats an Impartle opinion

A

A opinon that is not biased to one side

99
Q

Whats an biased opinion

A

A opinon that favors one side

100
Q

order these ORGAN SYSTEMS , CELLS , ORGANS, TISSUES and ORGANISMS

A

CELLS
TISSUES
ORGANS
ORGAN SYSTEMS
ORGANISMS

Science (3 decks)

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