Unit one test Flashcards
List the five functions that are active processes in living organisms
Responsiveness, Growth, Reproduction, Metabolism, Movement.
What is responsiveness?
responsiveness is when organisms respond to the changes in their environment, adaptability.
What is growth?
growth is the increase in size due to the growth of cells.
What is reproduction?
reproduction is the creation of subsequent generations of similar organisms.
What is movement?
movement is when organisms are capable of producing movement; internal or external.
What is metabolism?
Metabolism is a chemical reaction that provides energy for required functions. Can create waste that must be eliminated by excretion.
bios
life
cardium
heart
dorsum
back
homeo
unchanging
-logy
the study of
medianus
situated in the middle
paries
wall
pathos
disease
peri-
around
pronus
inclined forward
supinus
lying on the back
-stasis
standing
venter
belly
-tomy/-sect
cut
dis-/ana-
apart
a-/an-
without, not
auto-
self
-opsis
view
physio-
the nature of
What is anatomy?
the study of internal and external structure and the physical relationship between body parts.
What is physiology?
The study of how living organisms perform their vital functions.
What is Gross Anatomy?
considers features visible to the unaided eye
What is Surface Anatomy?
refers to the study of general form and superficial markings
What is Regional Anatomy?
considers all of the superficial and internal features in a specific region
What is Systematic Anatomy?
considers the structure of major organ systems
What is Human Physiology?
the study of human functions
What is Cell Physiology?
the study of the functions of cells
What is Special Physiology?
the study of physiology of specific organs
What is Systematic Physiology?
considers all aspects of the function of specific organ systems
What is Pathological Physiology?
the study of the effects of diseases on organ or system functions
What are the levels of organization? (least complex to most)
chemical, cellular, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
What is Dissection?
the process used to cut something apart, used to study
What is Disease?
Abnormality in the structure of function of the body
Define the organ
definite size and shape, made up of two or more tissues, and can have many functions but known for specific function
Describe the anatomical position
body is erect, arms at side, palms feet and face facing forward.
superior
above
inferior
below
anterior
forward
dorsal
backward
medial
toward midline of the body (navel midline to arm)
lateral
away from midline of the body (arm lateral to navel)
intermediate
inbetween
proximal
closest to point of attachment (elbow proximal to wrist)
distal
farthest from point of attachment (wrist distal to elbow)
deep
farther from surface of body
superficial
closest to surface of body
supine
face up
prone
face down
function of integumentary
protection, regulate body temperature by sweating, functions as sense organ
function of skeletal
support, protection, body movement
function of muscular
movement and production of heat
function of nervous
communication and control body functions
function of endocrine
communication and control of body function
function of cardiovascular
transportation of carbon dioxide, oxygen, nutrients and hormones
function of urinary
urine production by cleaning the blood
function of digestive
mechanical and chemical breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients
function of respiratory
blood exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
function of reproductive
survival of the human race and development of sexual characteristics
function of lymphatic
body’s system of defense against disease
what is homeostasis
its what maintains an organisms internal environment
What does homeostatic regulation include
a recepter, control center, and effector
what is negative feedback
a variation outside normal limits triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation
what is positive feedback
the initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces that stimulus
