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Health And Social Unit 1 > Unit one key terms > Flashcards

Unit one key terms Flashcards

1
Q

Define growth

A

Variable across different parts of the body and can be measured

(e.g. height and weight)

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2
Q

Define development

A

Complex changes which follow an orderly sequence

increasing in skill, capabilities

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3
Q

Define milestone

A

Ability achieved by most children at a certain age

e.g. walking and talking

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4
Q

Define development norms

A

Average set of expectations with respect to development

12 months = able to stand alone

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5
Q

Define gross motor skill

A

Large movements involving the use of large muscles

(e.g. rolling over)

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6
Q

Define fine motor skills

A

Smaller movements requiring precise direction and involving smaller muscles

(e.g. using a pencil)

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7
Q

What is a palmer grasp

A

Fingers close of palm of hand when something is in it

(e.g. a finger)

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8
Q

What is a pincer grasp

A

Using index finger and thumb to pick up small objects

(e.g. pushing buttons)

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9
Q

What is a tripod grasp

A

Using thumb, index finger and middle fingers to grasp

(for pencil skills and buttons on clothes)

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10
Q

Define puberty

A

Period of rapid change and growth preparing the body for sexual reproduction

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11
Q

Define adolesence

A

Following the oneset of puberty where a young person develops from a child to an adult

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12
Q

What are hormones

A

Chemical substances which pass through the bloodstream controlling or regulating body cells and organs

(e.g. sex hormones)

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13
Q

What is a primary sexual characteristic?

A

Changes and development of reproductive organs

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14
Q

What is a secondary sexual characteristic?

A

Outward/external signs of development

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15
Q

Define maturity

A

Fully developed and physically grown

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16
Q

What is the perimenopause transition?

A

When the ovaries stop producing eggs each month

Lasts four years

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17
Q

What is the perimenopause transition?

A

When the ovaries stop producing eggs each month

Lasts four years

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18
Q

What is menopause?

A

Termination of menestruation and reduction in the production of sex hormones

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19
Q

Define object permanence

A

An object still exists even if a child cannot see it

20
Q

What is abstract logical thinking?

A

Solving problems using the imagination without seeing it physically

21
Q

What is egocentric thinking?

A

Not being able to see something from another persons point of view

22
Q

What is concrete logical thinking?

A

Solving problems in which an individual can see or physically handle

23
Q

What is a schema?

A

A category of kn0owledge as well as a process of aquiring knowledge

24
Q

What is disequilibrium?

A

When a schema is upset

25
Q

What is a language acquisition device?

A

Something a child is born with to recognise and develop the language in which they experience

26
Q

What is emotional literacy?

A

recognising, understanding and appropriately expressing emotion

27
Q

What is empathy?

A

Identifying with or understanding anothers situation or feelings

28
Q

What is attachment

A

A strong emotional connection between a child and a caregiver

29
Q

What is a self-concept?

A

combination of self esteem and self image

30
Q

What is solo play?

A

First stage of play (0-2)
Infants have limited social, cognative and physical skills so learn by exploring their environment at their own pace

31
Q

What is parallel play?

A

Second stage of play (2-3)
Playing alongside other children
cannot share yet or take turns

32
Q

What is co-operative play?

A

Third stage of play (3+)
Widening their social network group
can ask to play and play with other children and build friendships

33
Q

What is an informal relationship?

A

Promoting positive self-concept
prepares for development of intimate relationships

34
Q

What is a formal relationship?

A

They do not involve emotional attachment
Positive relationships with family in childhood are likely to be successful in developing effective formal relationships

35
Q

Define nature

A

Genetic inheritance and other biological factors

36
Q

Define nurture

A

The influence of external factors after conception

social and environmental factors

37
Q

What is the stress diathesis model?

A

Stress (Nurture) + Diathesis (Nature) = Psychological and physical ill-health

38
Q

What is a genetic predisposition?

A

An inherited vulnerability to a certain condition

39
Q

What is a dysfunctional family?

A

A family that does not provide some or all of the benefits of a family

40
Q

What is a authoritive parenting style?

A

Not overly strict
Respect authority
Develop appropriate values and boundaries

41
Q

What is an authoritarian parenting style

A

High expectations
Strict rules
rebellious
problematic

42
Q

What is a permissive parenting style?

A

Not many demands from their child
reluctant to implementing rules or values
lack of self-control
experience problems managing relationships and adult responsabilities

43
Q

What is absolute poverty?

A

Cannot afford essential resources

44
Q

What is relative poverty?

A

Can afford basic resources but not much else

45
Q

What are predictable events

A

events that are expected to happen at a particular time which can be positive or negative

46
Q

What are unpredictable life events?

A

Events that happen unexpectedly and can have serious physical and psychological effects which can be positive or negative

Health And Social Unit 1 (7 decks)

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