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PNS > Unit IV Ears > Flashcards

Unit IV Ears Flashcards

1
Q

Name the arteries which supply the auricle.

A

Posterior Auricular a. of External Carotid A.

Superficial Temporal a. of External Carotid A.

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2
Q

Name the nerve which innervates the cranial surface of the auricle.

A

Posterior branch of Great Auricular nerve (lower surface)

Lesser Occipital of C2 (upper cranial surface)

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3
Q

Lymph from the superior half of the cranial surface of the auricle drains into the:

a. superficial parotid lymph nodes.
b. mastoid lymph nodes.
c. superficial cervical lymph nodes.
d. deep cervical lymph nodes.

A

B and D

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4
Q

Name the gland which produces earwax.

A

ceruminous glands

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5
Q

What is the size in diameter of the tympanic membrane?

A

1 cm

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6
Q

The tympanic membrane is the partition between the _____ and ____.

A

External Acoustic Meatus and Tympanic cavity of the Middle Ear

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7
Q

Name the shallow central peak of the tympanic membrane.

A

Umbo

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8
Q

The tympanic membrane faces to anterior, inferior and laterally. True/False

A

True

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9
Q

The superior to the lateral process of the malleus attachment on the tympanic membrane is called ______.

A

pars flaccid or flaccid part

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10
Q
  1. The external surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the
    a. auricular nerve.
    b. tympanic nerve.
    c. chorda tympanic.
    d. craticotympanic nerve.
A

a. auricular nerve of vagus

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11
Q

The internal surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the

a. auricular nerve.
b. tympanic nerve.
c. chorda tympanic.
d. craticotympanic nerve.

A

b. Tympanic nerve of glossopharyngeal nerve

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12
Q

Name the features on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity features.

A

Oval window, round window, promontory

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13
Q

The space superior to the tympanic membrane in the tympanic cavity is called _____.

A

Epitympanic recess (Superior tympanic recess)

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14
Q

All of the following are the contents of the middle ear, EXCEPT

a. malleus.
b. incus.
c. stapes
d. modiolus

A

d. modiolus

Also in the middle ear:
Stapedius, tensor tympani, chorda tympani, tympanic nervous plexus

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15
Q

Which of the following indicates the floor of the tympanic cavity?

a. tegmental wall
b. jugular wall
c. carotid wall
d. mastoid wall

A

b. jugular wall

Know other walls

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16
Q

Name the arteries which supply the pharyngotympanic tube.

A

Ascending Pharyngeal A., Middle Meningeal A., Artery of Pterygoid Canal of Maxillary A.

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17
Q

The auditory ossicles transmit the sound wave from ____ to ____ leading to the vestibule of the bony labyrinth.

A

Tympanic Membrane to Oval Window

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18
Q

The ossicles are covered with regular osteogenic periosteum. True/False

A

False. They are covered with the mucus membrane lining of the tympanic cavity

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19
Q

Name the part of the malleus that attaches to the flaccid part of the tympanic membrane.

A

Tip of the Malleus attaches to the umbo

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20
Q

Which of the following describes the umbo correctly?

a. Tip of the handle of the malleus
b. Neck of the malleus
c. Tip o the handle of the incus
d. Neck of the stapes

A

a. Tip of the handle of the malleus

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21
Q

The lenticular process articulates with ____________.

A

Stapes

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22
Q

The tensor tympanic inserts into ___________.

A

Handle of the malleus near the neck

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23
Q

The head of the malleus lies in the ______________________.

A

Epitympanic recess

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24
Q

The base of the stapes is considerably smaller than the tympanic membrane, as a result the vibratory force of the stapes is increased approximately _____ times over that of the tympanic membrane.

A

10 times

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25
Q

The auditory ossicles increase the force of the vibrations transmitted from the tympanic membrane. True/False

A

True. Increase force decrease amp

26
Q

The tensor tympani arises from ____, and inserts to ____________.

A

Superior surface of the cartilagenous portion Pharygotympanic tube, Greater Wing of the Sphenoid, and Petrous part of the Temporal bone
…inserts to handle of the malleus

27
Q

The tensor tympani is innervated by the ___.

A

Nerve to the Pterygoid muscle of Mandibular division of the Trigeminal

28
Q

Name the wall where the pyramidal eminence is for the stapedius muscle emergence.

A

Posterior wall of the Tympanic cavity or the mastoid wall

29
Q

The otic capsule of the internal ear contains ________, ________, and _________.

A

Cochlea, vestibule, and semi-circular canals

30
Q

The cochlea is the shell-shaped part of the bony labyrinth that contains _________ for the hearing.

A

Cochlear duct

31
Q

Name the bony core of the cochlear.

A

Modiolus

32
Q

The spiral canal of the cochlea begins at the ______ and makes ___ turns around the bony core.

A

Vestibule and makes 2.5 turns

33
Q

The bony core of the cochlea is called ___________.

A

Modiolus

34
Q

The large basal turn of the cochlea produces the _______ on the labyrinthine wall.

A

Promontory

35
Q

The large basal turn of the cochlea produces_____, which is part of the labyrinthine wall of the tympanic cavity.

A

Promontory

36
Q

Name the communicating feature between the basal turn of the cochlea and the subarachnoid space superior to the jugular foramen.

A

Cochlear aqueduct

37
Q

Name the structure, which close the round window at the basal turn of the cochlear.

A

Secondary tympanic membrane

38
Q

The vestibule of the bony labyrinth is a small oval chamber that contains the ________ and ________.

A

Utricle and saccule

39
Q

Name the feature, which communicates the vestibule to the posterior cranial fossa.

A

Vestibular aqueduct

40
Q

Name the feature, which transmits the endolymphatic duct.

A

Vestibular aqueduct

41
Q

How many openings from the semicircular canals to the vestibule?

A

5 openings

42
Q

The membranous labyrinth composed of _______ and _________.

A

Communicating sacs and ducts ( ex cochlear duct, utricle, saccule, semicircular duct, ductus reunions, utricosaccular duct)

43
Q

The vestibular labyrinth contains two small communicating sacs which are known as ______ and _______.

A

Utricle and saccule

44
Q

Name the spiral thickening of the periosteal lining of the cochlear canal, which secures the cochlear duct to the spiral canal of the cochlea.

A

Spiral ligament

45
Q

Name the feature where the semicircular ducts open through openings with hair cells.

A

Ampulla

46
Q

Name the feature where the endolymphatic duct arises.

A

Utricosacular duct

47
Q

Name the feature which connects the saccule to the cochlear duct, as a uniting duct.

A

Ductus reuniens

48
Q

The primary sensory neurons of the macula of utricle and saccule are in _____ ganglia, which are in the internal acoustic meatus.

A

Vestibular

49
Q

The cochlear duct is a spiral tube, which is firmly suspended across the cochlear canal between the _____ and ______ on the external wall of the cochlear canal and the osseous spiral lamina of the modiolus respectively.

A

Spiral ligament and osseous spiral laminae

50
Q

Name the feature of the semilunar communication at the apex of the cochlea between two perilymph-filled spiral canals.

A

Helicotrema

51
Q

Waves of hydraulic pressure created in the perilymph of the vestibule by the vibration of the base of the stapes ascend to the apex of the cochlea through the ________.

A

Scala vestibule

52
Q

Waves of hydraulic pressure pass through the apex of the cochlear and then descend back to the basal turn of the cochlea through _______ .

A

Scala tympani

53
Q

Name the receptor organ of auditory stimuli.

A

Spiral Organ of Corti

54
Q

The receptor organ of auditory stimuli is situated on the _____.

A

Basilar membrane

55
Q

The receptor organ of auditory stimuli is overlaid by _______.

A

Gelatinous tectorial membrane

56
Q

Untreated auricular hematoma might result in the _____ or ____.

A

Cauliflower or Boxer’s ear

57
Q

How do you pull the helix to observe the adult’s tympanic membrane for the otoscopic examination?

A

Grasp and pull posterosuperiorly (up out and back)

58
Q

An earache and a bulging red tympanic membrane may indicate a sign of ________.

A

Otitis media

59
Q

Infection of the mastoid antrum and mastoid cells from a middle ear infection might cause inflammation of the mastoid process known as ________.

A

Mastoiditis

60
Q

Paralysis of the stapedius is associated with excessive acuteness of hearing called _____ or _________.

A

Hyperacusis or hyperacusia

61
Q

The hyperacusis results from uninhibited movements of the _______.

A

Stapes

62
Q

Motion sickness results from discordance between _______ and ________ stimulation.

A

Vestibular and visual

PNS (13 decks)

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