Unit IV Ears Flashcards
Name the arteries which supply the auricle.
Posterior Auricular a. of External Carotid A.
Superficial Temporal a. of External Carotid A.
Name the nerve which innervates the cranial surface of the auricle.
Posterior branch of Great Auricular nerve (lower surface)
Lesser Occipital of C2 (upper cranial surface)
Lymph from the superior half of the cranial surface of the auricle drains into the:
a. superficial parotid lymph nodes.
b. mastoid lymph nodes.
c. superficial cervical lymph nodes.
d. deep cervical lymph nodes.
B and D
Name the gland which produces earwax.
ceruminous glands
What is the size in diameter of the tympanic membrane?
1 cm
The tympanic membrane is the partition between the _____ and ____.
External Acoustic Meatus and Tympanic cavity of the Middle Ear
Name the shallow central peak of the tympanic membrane.
Umbo
The tympanic membrane faces to anterior, inferior and laterally. True/False
True
The superior to the lateral process of the malleus attachment on the tympanic membrane is called ______.
pars flaccid or flaccid part
- The external surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the
a. auricular nerve.
b. tympanic nerve.
c. chorda tympanic.
d. craticotympanic nerve.
a. auricular nerve of vagus
The internal surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the
a. auricular nerve.
b. tympanic nerve.
c. chorda tympanic.
d. craticotympanic nerve.
b. Tympanic nerve of glossopharyngeal nerve
Name the features on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity features.
Oval window, round window, promontory
The space superior to the tympanic membrane in the tympanic cavity is called _____.
Epitympanic recess (Superior tympanic recess)
All of the following are the contents of the middle ear, EXCEPT
a. malleus.
b. incus.
c. stapes
d. modiolus
d. modiolus
Also in the middle ear:
Stapedius, tensor tympani, chorda tympani, tympanic nervous plexus
Which of the following indicates the floor of the tympanic cavity?
a. tegmental wall
b. jugular wall
c. carotid wall
d. mastoid wall
b. jugular wall
Know other walls
Name the arteries which supply the pharyngotympanic tube.
Ascending Pharyngeal A., Middle Meningeal A., Artery of Pterygoid Canal of Maxillary A.
The auditory ossicles transmit the sound wave from ____ to ____ leading to the vestibule of the bony labyrinth.
Tympanic Membrane to Oval Window
The ossicles are covered with regular osteogenic periosteum. True/False
False. They are covered with the mucus membrane lining of the tympanic cavity
Name the part of the malleus that attaches to the flaccid part of the tympanic membrane.
Tip of the Malleus attaches to the umbo
Which of the following describes the umbo correctly?
a. Tip of the handle of the malleus
b. Neck of the malleus
c. Tip o the handle of the incus
d. Neck of the stapes
a. Tip of the handle of the malleus
The lenticular process articulates with ____________.
Stapes
The tensor tympanic inserts into ___________.
Handle of the malleus near the neck
The head of the malleus lies in the ______________________.
Epitympanic recess
The base of the stapes is considerably smaller than the tympanic membrane, as a result the vibratory force of the stapes is increased approximately _____ times over that of the tympanic membrane.
10 times
The auditory ossicles increase the force of the vibrations transmitted from the tympanic membrane. True/False
True. Increase force decrease amp
The tensor tympani arises from ____, and inserts to ____________.
Superior surface of the cartilagenous portion Pharygotympanic tube, Greater Wing of the Sphenoid, and Petrous part of the Temporal bone
…inserts to handle of the malleus
The tensor tympani is innervated by the ___.
Nerve to the Pterygoid muscle of Mandibular division of the Trigeminal
Name the wall where the pyramidal eminence is for the stapedius muscle emergence.
Posterior wall of the Tympanic cavity or the mastoid wall
The otic capsule of the internal ear contains ________, ________, and _________.
Cochlea, vestibule, and semi-circular canals
The cochlea is the shell-shaped part of the bony labyrinth that contains _________ for the hearing.
Cochlear duct
Name the bony core of the cochlear.
Modiolus
The spiral canal of the cochlea begins at the ______ and makes ___ turns around the bony core.
Vestibule and makes 2.5 turns
The bony core of the cochlea is called ___________.
Modiolus
The large basal turn of the cochlea produces the _______ on the labyrinthine wall.
Promontory
The large basal turn of the cochlea produces_____, which is part of the labyrinthine wall of the tympanic cavity.
Promontory
Name the communicating feature between the basal turn of the cochlea and the subarachnoid space superior to the jugular foramen.
Cochlear aqueduct
Name the structure, which close the round window at the basal turn of the cochlear.
Secondary tympanic membrane
The vestibule of the bony labyrinth is a small oval chamber that contains the ________ and ________.
Utricle and saccule
Name the feature, which communicates the vestibule to the posterior cranial fossa.
Vestibular aqueduct
Name the feature, which transmits the endolymphatic duct.
Vestibular aqueduct
How many openings from the semicircular canals to the vestibule?
5 openings
The membranous labyrinth composed of _______ and _________.
Communicating sacs and ducts ( ex cochlear duct, utricle, saccule, semicircular duct, ductus reunions, utricosaccular duct)
The vestibular labyrinth contains two small communicating sacs which are known as ______ and _______.
Utricle and saccule
Name the spiral thickening of the periosteal lining of the cochlear canal, which secures the cochlear duct to the spiral canal of the cochlea.
Spiral ligament
Name the feature where the semicircular ducts open through openings with hair cells.
Ampulla
Name the feature where the endolymphatic duct arises.
Utricosacular duct
Name the feature which connects the saccule to the cochlear duct, as a uniting duct.
Ductus reuniens
The primary sensory neurons of the macula of utricle and saccule are in _____ ganglia, which are in the internal acoustic meatus.
Vestibular
The cochlear duct is a spiral tube, which is firmly suspended across the cochlear canal between the _____ and ______ on the external wall of the cochlear canal and the osseous spiral lamina of the modiolus respectively.
Spiral ligament and osseous spiral laminae
Name the feature of the semilunar communication at the apex of the cochlea between two perilymph-filled spiral canals.
Helicotrema
Waves of hydraulic pressure created in the perilymph of the vestibule by the vibration of the base of the stapes ascend to the apex of the cochlea through the ________.
Scala vestibule
Waves of hydraulic pressure pass through the apex of the cochlear and then descend back to the basal turn of the cochlea through _______ .
Scala tympani
Name the receptor organ of auditory stimuli.
Spiral Organ of Corti
The receptor organ of auditory stimuli is situated on the _____.
Basilar membrane
The receptor organ of auditory stimuli is overlaid by _______.
Gelatinous tectorial membrane
Untreated auricular hematoma might result in the _____ or ____.
Cauliflower or Boxer’s ear
How do you pull the helix to observe the adult’s tympanic membrane for the otoscopic examination?
Grasp and pull posterosuperiorly (up out and back)
An earache and a bulging red tympanic membrane may indicate a sign of ________.
Otitis media
Infection of the mastoid antrum and mastoid cells from a middle ear infection might cause inflammation of the mastoid process known as ________.
Mastoiditis
Paralysis of the stapedius is associated with excessive acuteness of hearing called _____ or _________.
Hyperacusis or hyperacusia
The hyperacusis results from uninhibited movements of the _______.
Stapes
Motion sickness results from discordance between _______ and ________ stimulation.
Vestibular and visual
