UNIT IV

Question 1

It is made up of Economic, Institutional and Social factors.

Answer 1

Human Environment

Question 1

It is a major determinant of crop production; it plays an indispensable role in plant growth and development, determining the extent to which crop plants attain their potential values. It also provides the scientific principles on which production technology is based.

Answer 1

Environment

Question 2

This includes economic policy, which determines quantities and distributions, as well as absolute and relative prices of inputs and outputs.

Answer 2

Economic Element

Question 3

These are laws of the land, credit and marketing conditions, contractual agreement, extension services, property right to land and water, as well as
distribution and quality of goods, grading and taxation.

Answer 3

Institutional Element

Question 4

This is also called technical environment which consists of physical elements of climate (e.g rainfall, relative humidity, temperature and light), topography and soil and the biological elements (vegetation, plants, weeds, insect pests and diseases).

Answer 4

Material Environment

Question 5

They occupy several niches and compete with crop plants for space, water, light and nutrients. They may be beneficial, neutral or harmful to plant growth.

Answer 5

Biotic Factors

Question 6

Light has three main attributes such as quality, which determines tissue
differentiation, physiological processes and germination; Intensity which determines rate of dry matter accumulation; and Duration or Photoperiod which affects behavior and physiological functions of living organism (plants and animals).

Answer 6

Light Attributes