Unit III Patient Care Flashcards
1
Q
A patient schedules an Appt for a barium enema on Friday at 8 am. The patient is given the intestinal prep and instructions to follow. The scheduling department instructs the patient to arrive at 7:45 am in the radiology department. The patient is considered which of the following? A. In Patient B. out-patient C. emergency department patient D. temporary admit
A
out patient
2
Q
The health insurance portability and accountability act of 1996 (HIPAA) legislation affects radiology, and other hospital departments by its focus on:
a. patient record confidentiality
b. facility reimbursement
c. quality management and performance
d. risk management
A
patient record confidentiality
3
Q
For medicolegal reasons, radiographic images are required to include all the following information, except
A. the patient’s name and/or identification number
B. the patient’s birth date
C. a right or left side marker
D. the date of the examination
A
The patient’s birth date
4
Q
What is the appropriate action if a patient has signed consent for a procedure, but once on the radiographic table, refuses the procedure?
A. proceed – the consent form is signed
B. send the patient back to his or her room
C. Honor the patient’s request and proceed with the next patient
D. immediately stop the procedure and inform the radiologist and the referring physician of the patient’s request
A
immediately stop the procedure and inform the radiologist and the referring physician of the patient’s request
5
Q
Using adhesive tape on child’s skull for immobilization that leaves residual tape burns on the child’s skin could be construed as: A. assault B. battery C. negligence D. Malpractice
A
Battery
6
Q
Violations of civil law are known as: A. felonies B. torts C. minor violations D. intentional misconduct
A
Torts
7
Q
A person must be informed as to the reason for the restraint and the possible risks that may occur if restraints are not used after the restraints have been applied:
True
False
A
false
8
Q
Which of the following are legal rights of the patient?
1. To have considerate and respectful care 2. To be informed of the risk involved with any procedure or treatment prior to the initiation of that procedure or treatment. 3. To refuse any procedure or treatment
A
1,2, and 3
9
Q
Your IVP patient is writhing in pain due to a left-sided kidney stone. You have had to request pain medication for him so that the study may be completed. He asks you to please tell him what is wrong with him. Which of the following would be the BEST answer?
A. Explain to him that he has a small kidney stone in the left distal ureter
B. Tell him it is beyond your scope of practice to tell him anything about his condition
C. explain to him that after the medication effect, he will feel much better
D. request that the radiologist or emergency room physician can come speak with him
A
request that the radiologist or emergency room physician can come speak with him
10
Q
Unjustified or threatened restraint of a patient satisfies which of the following torts?
1. false imprisonment 2. Assault 3. Negligence
A
1 and 2
11
Q
According to Dr. Eric Cassell, how do radiographers become part of the “healing process”?
A. by communicating the procedural steps to the patient
B. by showing interest in the patient’s well-being
C. by taking the patient’s pathologic condition
D. by treating the patients pathologic condition
A
Showing interest in the patients well being
12
Q
Which of the following legal phrases defines a circumstance in which both the health-care provider’s and the patient’s actions contributed to an injurious outcome? A. intentional misconduct B. contributory negligence C. Gross Negligence D. none of the above
A
Contributory negligence
13
Q
The standard of care for radiologic technology was established in 1914 and is still intact
True
False
A
False
14
Q
The chief complaint, included in a patient’s history, is a statement made by the: A. physician B. patient C. admitting officer D. admitting nurse
A
Patient
15
Q
Which type of law defines individual rights? A. Case B. legislative C. constitutional D. judiciary
A
Constitutional
16
Q
What is the BEST way to be sure you have the correct patient for an x-ray examination?
A. Ask the receptionist to identify the patient
B. call the patient’s name
C. Check the patient’s hospital identification
D. Ask the radiologist to identify the patient
A
Check the patient’s hospital identification
17
Q
When radiographing young children, it is helpful to
1. let them bring a toy 2. tell them it will not hurt 3. be cheerful and unhurried
A
1 and 3 only
18
Q
Which term describes how a patient is injured through no fault of his or her own while in the complete control of another? A. corporate liability B. respondeat superior C. res ipsa loquitur D. none of the above
A
Res ipsa loquitur
19
Q
A radiographer who discloses confidential information to unauthorized individuals may be found guilty of: A. invasion of privacy B. slander C. libel D. defamation
A
Invasion of privacy
20
Q
Aggravating factors are described as any condition (e.g. heartburn) that is worsened by something (eating spicy food).
True
False
A
true
21
Q
Aggravating factors are described as any condition (e.g. heartburn) that is worsened by something (eating spicy food).
True
False
A
A ward clerk who has no relationship with the patient or the procedure
22
Q
Forms of intentional misconduct include
1. Slander 2. invasion of privacy 3. negligence
A
1 and 2 only
23
Q
Before a radiologic procedure is performed, a radiology order must be completed.
True
False
A
true
24
Q
The patient describes her chest pain as “it feels like someone is standing on my chest.” This information is considered to be: A. Chronology B. objective data C. subjective data D. none of the above
A
Subjective data
25
Respondeat superior translates to “the thing speaks for itself.”
True
False
false
26
```
When the radiographer asks a patient how many days he or she has had a fever, what part of the clinical history is being assessed?
A. localization
B. chronology
C. onset
D. quality
```
chronology
27
A radiologic technologist may be found guilty of a tort in which of the following conditions?
1. Failure to shield a patient of childbearing age from unnecessary radiation
2. Performing an examination on a patient who has refused the examination
3. Performing a patient’s examination that was ordered by an emergency room physician
1 and 2 only
28
```
The strict observance of promises or duties is defined as:
A. fidelity
B. justice
C. autonomy
D. confidentiality
E. veracity
```
fidelity
29
Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Ethical dilemmas may have competing moral principles
B. Ethical dilemmas involve decisions based on human values
C. Ethical dilemmas are easily solved by codes of ethics
D. ethical dilemmas can be resolved by problem solving
E. Ethical dilemmas invite a wide range of personal opinions
Ethical dilemmas are easily solved by codes of ethics
30
All colostomies are permanent
True
False
false
31
```
Who is responsible for obtaining the clinical history from the patient for the diagnostic procedure?
A. the radiographer
B. the radiologist
C. the nurse
D. the emergency department physician
```
the radiographer
32
```
Causing a patient to become apprehensive of being injured is called:
A. assault
B. battery
C. false imprisonment
D. invasion of privacy
```
Assault
33
Radiology reports are indicated in the health record
True
False
True
34
A patient requiring a chest radiograph misplaces her necklace. You would:
A. Tell her that if you find it, she will be notified
B. fill out an incident report and report the loss to security
C. tell her that you feel sorry about her loss
D. wonder how she could be so careless
Fill out an incident report and report the loss to security
35
Health care providers who do not remain current in the field may be liable under the legal theory of medical malpractice.
True
False
true
36
In which situation(s) would it be possible to proceed with a radiographic procedure even though the patient refuses the exam?
1. the patient is a minor and the parent(s) give permission
2. the patient is over age ninety-five
3. the officer in charge of the patient (prisoner) gives permission
1 and 3 only
37
A senile patient is being transported to the radiology department on a stretcher. To ensure that the patient will NOT fall from or attempt to climb off the stretcher which of the following should be done?
1. fasten safety straps across the patient
2. put up the side rails on the stretcher
3. lay the patient on her side and secure her arms behind her back
1 and 2 only
38
```
Unlawful touching of a person without his or her consent is termed:
A. assault
B. battery
C. false imprisonment
D. invasion of privacy
```
battery
39
All of the following are examples of nonverbal communication except:
A. smiling at the patient
B. asking the patient for a medical history
C. using a friendly tone of voice
D. demonstrating a puzzled facial expression
asking the patient for a medical history
40
Objective data are described as data perceived by the patient only
True
False
false
41
Biomedical ethics includes which of the following?
A. Exact Rules
B. feelings and beliefs of the imaging professional
C. Legal issues and judicial decisions
D. Guidelines from the American Medical Association
E. All of the above
all of the above
42
Negligence relies on four basic elements for civil liability.
A. Duty, breach, cause and injury
B. Torts, consent, breach, and injury
C. Res ipsa loquitur, breach, cause and injury
D. Malpractice, breach, lack of consent, and injury
Duty, Breach, cause and injury
43
```
A personal value system can be defined in terms of:
A. virtues
B. values
C. ethical principles
D. Morals
E. All of the above
```
morals
44
```
The ethical principle that refers to bringing about good, or benefiting others is called:
A. Fidelity
B. veracity
C. nonmalificence
D. beneficence
```
beneficence
45
```
Unnecessarily or improperly exposing the patients body constitutes:
A. battery
B. assault
C. violation of privacy
D. slander
```
Violation of privacy
46
```
The highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is:
A. self-actualization
B. belonging
C. physiologic
D. self-esteem
```
self-actualization
47
While in your care for a radiologic procedure, a patient asks to see his chart. Which of the following is the appropriate response?
A. inform the patient that the chart is for health-care providers to view, not for the the patient
B. inform the patient that you do not know where the chart is
C. inform the patient that he has the right to see his chart, but that he should request to view it with his physician, so that it is properly interpreted.
D. Give the patient the chart and leave him alone for a few minutes to review it.
inform the patient that he has the right to see his chart, but that he should request to view it with his physician, so that it is properly interpreted.
48
A patient is to undergo an invasive procedure in the Radiography department. Before starting the procedure, the radiographer should first:
A. assist the patient in removing all clothing
B. give the patient a cleansing enema
C. prep the patient
D. check the patients chart to see if the informed consent form has been signed
Check the patient’s chart to see if the informed consent form has been signed
49
As a patient is describing the pain in his or her hand, why is it important for the radiographer to make eye contact with the patient?
A. provides emotional support for a stressed patient
B. makes the patient feel that what he or she is saying is important
C. helps to expedite the examination
D. reassure the patient of the radiographer’s technical skill
Makes the patient feel that what he or shit is saying is important
50
```
Long-term retention of radiographs is governed by:
A. code of ethics
B. federal law
C. state law
D. Hospital policy only
```
State law
51
```
Which ethical principle is related to the theory that patients have the right to decide what will or will not be done to them?
A. Autonomy
B. beneficence
C. fidelity
D. veracity
```
autonomy
52
A radiographer would be in violation of the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) Code of Ethics for the Profession of Radiologic Technology for all of the following except:
A. failing to wear a lead apron when performing mobile radiography
B. failing to participate in continuing education
C. communicating information regarding suspected child abuse to the referring physician
D. refusing to participate in new and innovative technical procedures
communicating information regarding suspected child abuse to the referring physician
53
```
What complaint may be brought against a technologist if he or she touches a patient in any way without the patients permission?
A. assault
B. battery
C. false imprisonment
D. harassment
```
battery
54
Which method is effective in communicating with a patient?
1. professional appearance
2. touch
3. pantomime techniques
1, 2, and 3
55
```
Action to benefit others is defined as:
A. veracity
B. fidelity
C. beneficence
D. justice
E. autonomy
```
beneficence
56
How does one communicate with non-english speaking patients?
A. through an English-speaking family member
B. by writing the information on a piece of paper
C. by slowing enunciating the instructions
D. by rescheduling the patient to go to another hospital
through an English speaking family member
57
The general definition of the standard of care is that degree of skill, knowledge, and care ordinarily possessed and employed by a member in good standing within the profession.
True
False
True
58
A clinical history should include all but the following:
A. the patients chief complaint
B. duration of condition or date of trauma
C. contact person to reach in the event of an emergency
D. explanation of visible signs of injury or associated discomfort
Contact person to reach in the event of an emergency
59
Radiologic technologists are legally liable for their actions in the daily performance of diagnostic procedures.
True
False
True
60
```
Destruction or altercations of medical records, such as radiology report, by an unauthorized person is referred to as:
A. Vicarious liability
B. negligence
C. spoliation
D. consequentialism
```
Spoilation
61
```
Which of the following clinical history elements is described as defining the precise area for the patient’s complaint?
A. chronology
B. onset
C. aggravating factor
D. localization
```
localization
62
```
Which of the following is considered to be the first stage of acceptance of dying for a terminally ill patient?
A. anger
B. frustration
C. denial and isolation
D. shock
```
denial and isolation
63
Which of the following statements reflect interactions with substance abuse patients?
A. restraints may be used for their safety
B. the patient may become agitated or violent
C. the patient should never be unattended while developing films
D. all of the above
All of the above
64
Patients have the right to amend their health record.
True
False
True
65
```
A(n) ______ is a patient’s claim that he or she has been wronged.
A. defamation
B. assault
C. tort
D. battery
```
tort
66
```
Which of the following is not a legal entry on a radiograph?
A. lead markers
B. patient identification
C. date of the exam
D. grease pencil markings or stickers
```
Grease pencil markings or stickers
67
Which of the following conditions must be met in order for a patient consent to be valid?
1. The patient must sign the consent form before receiving sedation
2. the physician named on the consent form must perform the procedure
3. All the blanks on the consent form must be filled in before the patient signs the form
1, 2, and 3
68
```
The most common claim in a health care facility is:
A. assault
B. battery
C. false imprisonment
D. none of the above
```
false imprisonment
69
```
Of the changes that occur in geriatric patients that are especially important when patients are undergoing radiologic examination, which of the following may produce patient paranoia about potential falls with potential for permanent loss of mobility?
A. osteoporotic loss of bone mass
B. arthritis
C. decreased muscle strength
D. atrophied muscle mass
```
osteoporotic loss of bone mass
70
```
A patient discusses his or her condition with the radiologist. After the radiologist leaves the room, the patient begins to cry. The radiographer sits down next to the patient and squeezes the patient’s hand. This is an example of using touch for:
A. emphasis
B. palpation
C. emotional support
D. localization
```
emotional support
71
Radiologic technologists have an obligation to maintain patient confidentiality.
True
False
true
72
In a case in which the legal theory of res ipsa loquitur is being raised, the evidence presented must show all of the following elements except that the:
A. injury would not have occurred except for negligence
B. patient contributed to his or her injury
C. defendant was in complete control
D. patient did not contribute to his or her injury in any way
Patient contributed to his or her injury
73
```
Hospitals and other health care providers must ensure patient confidentiality, in compliance with which of the following legislations? Which of the following legislations is in place to ensure patient confidentiality?
A. MQSA
B. MRSA
C. HIPAA
D. HIPPA
```
HIPAA
74
```
Spoken false information about another person in defamation of character or loss of reputation is:
A. slander
B. assault
C. battery
D. libel
```
Slander
75
```
A(n) ______ can occur when a technologist touches a patient or performs an examination without the patient’s permission.
A. Defamation
B. assault
C. tort
D. battery
```
Battery
76
A patient has the right to be informed of and to make decisions about his or her own health care treatment.
True
False
true
77
The ethical principle that aspires never to, above all, do harm describes:
a. fidelity
b. veracity
c. nonmalificence
d. beneficence
nonmalificence
78
```
Neglect or omission of reasonable care defines:
A. respondeat superior
B. res ipsa loquitur
C. gross negligence
D. unintentional misconduct
```
unintentional misconduct
79
```
Libel is:
A. defamation by unprivileged publication
B. defamation by unprivileged speech
C. slander
D. a tort of assault
```
Defamation by unprivileged publication
80
What is the acceptable reaction of the radiographer in dealing with a patient in the beginning stage of denial isolation?
A. addressing the patient’s feelings toward dying
B. offering silence and acceptance of the person, without discussing death
C. supporting the patient’s feelings by discussing the death of one’s own loved one
D. attempting to cheer up the patient by telling jokes
offering silence and acceptance of the person, without discussing death
81
A patient has a serious complication during a radiographic procedure, and a malpractice suit is lodged. The claimant may sue the:
1. Physician
2. Hospital
3. technologist
1,2 and 3
82
Battery may involve:
A. unlawful touching or touching without consent
B. Harm resulting from physical contact with the radiographer
C. radiographing the wrong patient, the wrong body part, or performing radiography against a patient’s will
D. all of the above
all of the above
83
Conditions needed to establish malpractice include:
A. establishment of the standard of care and proof it was violated
B. demonstration that the injury was caused by the caregiver
C. proof that the injury actually occurred and is a result of the negligence
D. all of the above
all of the above
84
```
When interviewing a patient, what is it that the health-care professional can observe?
A. symptoms
B. history
C. objective signs
D. chief complaint
```
objective signs
85
```
Unlawful touching or touching without consent constitutes:
A. assault
B. battery
C. libel
D. slander
```
battery
86
If a radiologist instructs you to inject a patient with radiographic contrast medium and the patient collapses from anaphylactic shock, you may be protected from a lawsuit under the doctrine of respondeat superior, which means:
A. only superior authorities need to respond to legal issues
B. radiologists, like all physicians, are always considered liable
C. let the master answer
D. the thing speaks for itself
let the master answer
87
```
When one patient describes a cough as productive and another patient describes a cough as nonproductive, which element of the clinical history does this fall under?
A. localization
B. onset
C. severity
D. quality
```
quality
88
A radiographer may be called to testify in a legal case.
True
False
true
89
Moral rules are best applied to ethical dilemmas when:
A. religious beliefs are strongly held
B. religious beliefs are not strongly held
C. the ethical dilemma is very narrow in scope
D. the ethical dilemma is very wide in scope
E. all individuals agree to use moral rules
the ethical dilemma is very wide in scope
90
```
The lowest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is called:
A. self-actualization
B. physiological needs
C. love and belonging
D. self-esteem
```
physiological needs
91
The claim of false imprisonment requires the patient to show proof that the technologist restrained his or her freedom without consent. The defenses a technologist may raise include all of the following except the:
A. risk that the patient was going to hurt himself or herself
B. risk that the patient was going to hurt the technologist
C. life-threatening condition of the patient’s health
D. need for motionless images
need for motionless images
92
```
Informed consent requires that the patient be given enough information to make an educated decision about his or her health care. The information the patient needs to make this decision includes all of the following except:
A. how the procedure will be performed
B. the benefits of the procedure
C. the alternative to the procedure
D. the cost of the procedure
```
the cost of the procedure
93
In determining the severity of a patient’s ankle injury, which of the following questions would be asked?
A. “when did the injury happen”
B. “how did the injury happen”
C. “can you put any weight on the injured ankle”
D. “have you previously injured your ankle”
“Can you put any weight on the injured ankle”
94
```
A 52-year-old female patient arrives for a chest x-ray. She is considered which of the following?
A. a young adult
B. middle-aged
C. a mature person
D. an adolescent
```
middle-aged
95
A clinical history for an abdominal x-ray should begin with which of the following questions?
A. “Specifically where is the abdominal pain?”
B. “what type of abdominal problems are you having”
C. “how long have you been vomiting”
D. “When did you have gallbladder surgery”
What type of abdominal problems are you having
96
You are radiographing an adolescent girl whose shoulder is dislocated. When she comes into the x-ray room, she begins to cry and tells you that her uncle pulled her arm and slapped her around. She states that he does this every time she is alone with him. You would:
A. report this immediately to the physician in charge
B. Maintain her confidentiality
C. listen politely, but say nothing
D. Obtain the uncles phone number so that you could speak to him directly
Report this immediately to the physician in charge
97
Physical changes characteristic of gerontologic patients usually include
1. loss of bone calcium
2. loss of hearing
3. loss of mental alertness
1 only
98
In some states, patients must give their physician permission to testify in court.
true
False
true
99
A tort is defined as:
A. a breach of contract
B. a civil wrong, other than a breach of contract
C. malpractice
D. operating outside your scope of practice
a civil wrong, other than a breach of contract
100
```
In which age group can you expect the patient to be able to think logically and analyze a situation?
A. toddler
B. infant
C. preschooler
D. schoolchildren
```
Schoolchildren
101
```
The patient has the right to:
A. refuse medical treatment
B. confidential treatment of his records
C. know the qualifications of medical personnel
D. all of the above
```
all of the above
102
```
The legal doctrine stating that the cause of negligence is obvious is:
A. respondeat superior
B. gross negligence
C. res ipsa loquitur
D. invasion of privacy
```
Res ipsa loquitur
103
You receive a patient who is complaining of pain in the area of the left fourth and fifth metatarsals; however, the requisition asks for a left ankle examination. What should you do?
A. perform a left foot examination
B. perform a left ankle examination
C. perform both a left foot and a left ankle examination
D. check with the referring physician
Check with the referring physician
104
When documenting a reaction, it is important to include all but which of the following?
A. date and time of the reaction
B. name, dose, and delivery of all medications that the patient receives
C. vital signs
D. your opinion on how the emergency was managed
You opinion on how the emergency was managed
105
Urinals are provided to patients who are not ambulatory
True
False
true
106
Informed consent requires that:
A. The patient must be mentally competent and of legal age
B. consent must be offered voluntarily
C. the patient must be adequately informed using language he or she understands
D. all of the above
all of the above
107
```
If the radiographer performed a lumbar spine examination on a patient who was supposed to have an elbow examination, which of the following charges may be brought against the radiographer?
A. assault
B. battery
C. false imprisonment
D. defamation
```
battery
108
When charting, the radiographer must include:
A. date and time of occurrence of an event or examination of the patient
B. clear statements regarding patient condition and exam performed
C. full name and credentials
D. all of the above
all of the above
109
_______ is a system or code of conduct and morals advocated by a particular individual or group.
ethics
110
```
The legal doctrine res ipsa locquitur means which of the following?
A. let the master answer
B. the thing speaks for itself
C. a thing or matter settled by justice
D. a matter settled by precedent
```
the thing speaks for itself
111
An authorization for treatment, signed at admission, is an informed consent form.
True
False
false
112
When radiographing the elderly, it is helpful to
1. move quickly
2. address them by their full name
3. give straightforward instructions
2 and 3 only
113
```
A bedpan may be used for:
A. urination
B. defecation
C. ovulation
D. more than one of the above
E. all of the above
```
more than one of the above
114
```
If a technologist threatens a patient during the course of a procedure and has an apparent immediate ability to perform the threatened act, which of the following torts may be claimed?
A. assault
B. battery
C. negligence
D. false imprisonment
```
assault
115
Radiographers’ professional appearance is a personal choice and does not reflect on their diagnostic abilities.
True
False
false
116
Which of the following statements regarding informed consent are TRUE?
1. The radiographer obtains informed consent from the patient
2. should include a statement that indicates alternative procedures
3. the patient’s actions can indicated implied consent
2 and 3 only
117
```
The primary means of communication with a hearing-impaired patient is through:
A. writing
B. touch
C. a bilingual family member
D. continual conversation
```
writing
118
The radiologic technologist should allow the patient to examine his or her health record while in the radiology department.
True
False
false
119
```
The vital signs of a patient are as follows: heart-rate, 95; blood pressure, 120/75; 99.2 degrees F. This information is considered to be:
A. objective data
B. chief complaint
C. clinical history
D. subjective data
```
objective data
120
Which of the following are essential in dealing with patients in the clinical setting?
1. a sense of compassion
2. ability to show empathy
3. an aggressive approach
1 and 2 only
121
The legal theory of respondeat superior requires that:
A. the employee is responsible for the actions of the employee
B. each person is responsible for his or her superior
C. the employer is responsible for the employee’s actions
D. the employee is responsible for the employer’s actions
The employer is responsible for the employee’s actions
122
Student radiologic technologists bear no responsibility regarding patient confidentiality
True
False
false
123
```
How a reasonable person with similar education and experience would perform under similar circumstances defines:
A. reasonably prudent person doctrine
B. standard of care
C. scope of practice
D. professional ethics
```
Reasonably prudent person doctrine
124
```
If a radiographer shares a patients medical records with an individual not directly involved with that patients care, the radiographer may be found guilty of:
A. breach of confidentiality
B. defamation of character
C. slander
D. assault
```
Breach of confidentiality
125
A colostomy is an opening made from the bowel to the outside of the body.
True
False
true
126
```
Assault requires that:
A. battery accompany it
B. physical violence must take place
C. only threatened violence take place
D. offensive contact be made
```
Only threatened violence take place
127
```
Increased pain threshold, breakdown of skin, and atrophy of fat pads and sweat glands are all important considerations when working with which group of patients?
A. infants
B. children
C. adolescents
D. geriatric patients
```
geriatric patients
128
```
If a patient is left unattended by the radiographer and the patient falls off the radiographic table, the radiographer could be sued for:
A. negligence
B. felony
C. assault
D. battery
```
negligence
129
Which of the following statements is true?
A. codes of ethics are usually written by individuals
B. religious writings form the basis for ethical control
C. codes of ethics are a form of legislation
D. conscience controls individual morality
E. laws provide an internal control for society
conscience controls individual morality
130
In which of the following ways does the radiographer use leading questions?
A. they should be avoided
B. they should be used for filling in details
C. they should be used to verify information
D. they should be used to help the patient focus on his or her complaint
they should be avoided
131
```
The health record is used to:
A. communicate information pertaining to the patient
B. prepare health service statistics
C. maintain quality assessment
D. all of the above
```
all of the above
132
Patients are interviewed by the radiographer
True
False
true
133
The major difference between civil and criminal assault and battery is:
A. there is no difference
B. That civil assault and battery requires only unconsensual touch; criminal assault and battery requires actual injury.
C. the amount of financial reward to the injured party
D. that criminal assault and battery never occurs in the workplace.
That civil assault and battery requires only unconsensual touch; criminal assault and battery requires actual injury.
134
```
What ethical principle is related to the theory that patients have the right to decide what will or will not be done to them?
A. autonomy
B. beneficence
C. fidelity
D. veracity
```
autonomy
135
Nondisposable bedpans must be sterilized between uses.
True
False
true
136
```
A case in which the injured person caused some of the injury is called:
A. Gross negligence
B. defamation
C. contributory negligence
D. slander
```
contributory negligence
137
```
The theory of ______ requires the hospital or health care entity to be responsible for the quality of care delivered to consumers.
A. corporate liability
B. respondeat superior
C. res ipsa loquitur
D. none of the above
```
corporate liability
138
A patient consents to a procedure in the radiology department, but after is has started, he decides that he does not want the procedure completed. The technologist should:
A. stop immediately
B. complete the procedure because the patient may not revoke consent once it is given
C. stop the procedure as soon as it is safe to do so
D. none of the above should be done
stop the procedure as soon as it is safe to do so.
139
```
Which of the following is undesirable for conducting a clinical history interview?
A. clarifying terminology
B. asking open-ended questions
C. asking vague questions
D. repeating information
```
asking vague questions
140
During the patient interview it is important to obtain subjective data only.
True
False
false
141
```
Which of the following stages of dying is described as the realization that life will be interrupted before everything the dying patient has planned has been accomplished?
A. Denial
B. depression
C. anger
D. bargaining
```
anger
142
```
Which of the following is the professional way to greet the patient?
A. Robin jones
B. Mrs. Jones
C. R. Jones
D. All of the above
```
Mrs. Jones
143
How should radiographers handle patients who are combative as a result of their frustration?
A. refer the patient back to the doctor
B. talk sternly to the patient about the behavior
C. ask a family member to calm the patient down
D. acknowledge the anger and help to overcome it
acknowledge the anger and help to overcome it
144
```
Which of the following is not required to be included in a patient’s health record?
A. medical history
B. radiology reports
C. patient’s telephone number
D. physical examination report
```
patient’s telephone number
145
```
All of the following are used to provide a better history to the radiologist except to:
A. encourage elaboration
B. use probing questions
C. summarize the details
D. ask close-ended questions
```
ask close-ended questions
146
```
A patient required an appendectomy 6 months ago, and the resultant radiograph today demonstrates surgical gauze pads remaining in the abdominal cavity. This illustrates which legal term?
A. respondeat superior
B. bis dat qui cito dat
C. res ipsa loquitur
D. rem acu tetigisti
```
Res ipsa loquitur
147
Patients’ rights include which of the following?
1. the right to refuse treatment
2. the right to confidentiality
3. the right to possess his or her radiographs
1 and 2 only
148
A radiographer is performing an abdominal serious on a patient from the emergency department. To complete the examination, the patient must be moved from a supine to an upright position using the remote control on the table. During this movement, the patient falls from the table and suffers a fractured hip. A complaint of negligence is brought against both the radiographer and the hospital. The elements that the patient (plantiff) must prove include all of the following except:
A. a breach of the duty to the patient
B. an injury
C. a direct causal relation between the breach of duty and the injury
D. that the radiographer acted outside of his or her scope of practice
that the radiographer acted outside his or her scope of practice
149
Res ipsa locuitur, defined by example, may be:
A. surgical instruments remaining in the abdomen after surgery
B. restraining the patient without medical order
C. publicly announcing the ineptness of a physician
D. prescribing medication without a license
surgical instruments remaining in the abdomen after surgery
150
```
Which of the following includes the tone of voice, the speed of speech, and the position of the speaker’s extremities and torso?
A. nonverbal communication
B. palpation
C. quality
D. facilitation
```
nonverbal communication
151
Informed consent requires that patients have all of the information that they need to make decisions about their health care.
True
False
true
152
Which of the following is a valid method of verifying patient identification?
1. Questioning the patient
2. reading wrist identification band
3. checking bed name plate
1, 2, and 3
153
```
Which is not a step in the problem-solving process?
A. identifying the problem
B. developing alternative solutions
C. selecting the best solution
D. defending your selection
E. determining ethical sanctions
```
determining ethical sanctions
154
```
When the health care facility is in equal responsibility with the technologist for negligence, the term that applies is:
A. Res ipsa loquitor
B. respondeat superior
C. suit equality
D. co-malpractice
```
Respondeat superior
155
```
The three types of law include:
A. constitutional, legislative and case
B. constitutional, legislative and court
C. constitutional, presidential, and case
D. judiciary, legislative and case
```
constitutional, legislative and case
156
Sterile gloves must be worn while assisting a patient with a bedpan.
True
False
false
157
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, what is the reason that patients may behave abnormally during their hospital stay?
A. their physiologic needs aren’t being met
B. they cannot understand what is happening
C. they are missing their sense of love and belonging
their physiologic needs aren’t being met
158
What should be done if a patient is accidentally injured while undergoing a radiographic procedure?
1. Report the incident to an appropriate department supervisor
2. complete an incident form
3. notify the hospital administrator
1 and 2 only
159
```
Which of the following would you not want to talk about with a patient?
A. hobbies
B. medical chart
C. ability to walk
D. weather
```
medical chart
160
Which of the following conditions must be met in order for a patient consent to be valid?
1. The patient must sign the consent before receiving sedation
2. the physician named on the consent form must perform the procedure
3. all the blanks on the consent form must be filled in before the patient signs the form
1,2 and 3
161
Which of the patient rights are violated by discussing privileged patient information with an individual who is not involved with the patient’s care?
1. the right to considerate and respectful care
2. the right to privacy
3. the right to continuity of care
2 only
162
```
Which of the following is(are) part of the sacred seven elements of the patient clinical history?
A. localization
B. aggravating factors
C. quality
D. all of the above
```
all of the above
163
```
The patient bill of rights provides for:
A. informed patient consent
B. patient refusal of any exam
C. A and B
D. All of the above
```
A and B
164
```
Which of the following is(are) usually included as part of the chronology of a clinical history?
A. onset
B. duration
C. frequency
D. All of the above
```
all of the above
165
Errors made in documentation are corrected by the medical transcriptionist.
True
False
false
166
Which of the following rules should be observed when charting patient records?
1. Initial and date corrections
2. Use liquid paper to delete an error
3. avoid loose or gummed slips of paper
1 and 3 only
167
If a health care worker gets stuck with a dirty needle, he or she must:
A. wash the wound out thoroughly, for at least 10 minutes
B. receive a tetanus shot
C. immediately wash injury with betadine, fill out incident report and an OSHA report and go to employee health or the emergency department
D. ignore the incident fi the wound is only superficial
immediately wash injury with betadine, fill out incident report and an OSHA report and go to employee health or the emergency department
168
Questions about the diagnosis of an examination from a patient or visitor are best answered by:
A. explaining that only the radiologist can read radiographs
B. providing the best diagnosis available
C. explaining that the results are not yet available
D. suggesting that the question is inappropriate
explaining that only the radiologist can read radiographs
169
```
Patient assessment addresses all but the following:
A. religious beliefs
B. physical impairments
C. level of education
D. annual income
```
Ans: annual income
170
Any written record initiated by the radiographer must be:
1. accurate
2. legible
3. permanent
1,2, and 3
171
In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, a patient cannot satisfy the need for love and belonging before satisfying the need for safety and security.
True
False
True
172
```
When patients are not told of their terminal condition, they fall into which category?
A. open awareness
B. suspicious awareness
C. mutual pretense
D. closed awareness
```
closed awareness
173
How does one respond to questions from patients or visitors regarding the results of their x-rays?
A. the radiologist will provide the information to them
B. share the diagnosis with the patient only
C. the results will be ready by the end of the week
D. instruct them to call their physician for the results
instruct them to call their physician for the results
174
What is the most important factor to keep in mind prior to beginning a procedure?
A. leave the patient alone in the room until you are all set up
B. refrain from conversing with the patient, it may slow you down
C. Explain the procedure to the patient; entertain questions
D. remove the patients gown to better visualize the anatomy
explain the procedure to the patient; entertain questions
175
```
Which of the following permits the patient to begin to work through the various stages that precede dying?
A. suspicious awareness
B. mutual pretense
C. open awareness
D. all of the above
```
open awareness
176
Patients may make specific judgements regarding their own health care because of:
A. their constitutional rights
B. HMO policy
C. The patient bill of rights
D. the fact that they are paying the bill
The Patient Bill of Rights
177
Why is it important to handle geriatric patients as mature adults rather than “senior citizens”?
A. preserves their self-image
B. eliminate excess anxiety
C. minimizes discrimination
D. diverts their attention for their problem
minimizes discrimination
178
```
Forcing a patient to drink barium by threatening him if he has refused the procedure may be considered:
A. assault
B. battery
C. false imprisonment
D. negligence
```
Assault
179
Which of the following characterize the development of an infant?
A. prefer to be wrapped tightly in a blanket
B. like to be held in a familiar position
C. prefer to hear a calm, soothing voice
D. 1 and 2
E. all of the above
all of the above
180
```
When is touching a patient valuable?
A. for emotional support
B. for emphasis
C. for palpation
D. all of the above
```
all of the above
181
When a radiographer is obtaining a patient history, both subjective and objective data should be obtained. An example of subjective data is that:
A. The patient appears to have a productive cough
B. the patient has a blood pressure of 130/95
C. the patient states that he experiences extreme pain in the upright position
D. the patient has a palpable mass in the right upper quadrant of the left breast
The patient states that he experiences extreme pain in the upright position
182
Which of the following characterize the development of a toddler (1 to 3 years old)?
A. understanding of simple abstractions
B. inability to understand more than one word for something
C. inability to take the viewpoint of another
D. all of the above
all of the above
183
Radiographers must be perceived by the patient as genuine, respectful, and empathic in order to establish an open dialog.
True
False
true
184
```
Generally accepted customs of right living and conduct are:
A. codes
B. morals
C. laws
D. ethics
E. rules
```
Morals
185
```
The primary medical problem as defined by the patient is called which of the following?
A. clinical history
B. subjective data
C. chief complaint
D. objective data
```
chief complaint
186
Your patient bumps his head on the x-ray tube and lacerates his forehead. You would:
A. Take a PA skull to check for fracture
B. place a band-aid on the patient’s cute
C. have a nurse or physician check the patient and fill out an incident report
D. do nothing, as long as the cut stops bleeding
have a nurse or physician check the patient and fill out an incident report
187
```
Medical negligence is also referred to as:
A. breach of duty
B. malpractice
C. res ipsa loquitor
D. scope of duty tort
```
Malpractice
188
Informed consent forms from the radiology department are not part of the health record.
true
false
false
189
Professional ethics can be best defined as:
A. reflective decision making
B. rules of right living
C. the science of rightness and wrongness of human conduct
D. a common concern for collective self-discipline
E. rules promulgated by professional societies
a common concern for collective self-discipline
190
Only the patient has access to his or her health record.
True
False
false
191
A patient needs to urinate. The person is on a stretcher in the hallway. You would:
A. get the patient up and escort him or her to the bathroom
B. provide the patient with a urinal or bedpan
C. move the stretcher into an empty room, and provide the patient with a urinal or bedpan
D. tell the patient you’ll be back in a few minutes and hope someone else helps
Move the stretcher into an empty room, and provide the patient with a urinal or bedpan
192
```
Touching the patient’s iliac crest for an abdominal exam is an example of using touch for:
A. reassurance
B. emphasis
C. emotional support
D. palpation
```
palpation
193
Hospitals have the right to charge a fee for copied radiographs.
True
False
true
194
```
Which of the following is (are) desirable method(s) of conducting a clinical history interview?
A. positive nonverbal communication
B. defining and specifying terms
C. subjectiveness
D. a and b
E. all of the above
```
A and B
195
In making a correction to an entry in the paper health record, the documenter should:
A. line out the error, authenticate, and insert correct information
B. erase the incorrect information, and insert correct information
C. leave the incorrect entry alone, and add the new correct information
D. remove the incorrect page from the record, and begin a new page of documentation
line out the error, authenticate, and insert correct information
196
```
Radiographs are the property of the:
A. Radiologist
B. Patient
C. Health Care institution
D. Referring physician
```
Health care institution
197
Patient family education means that you must
A. use multidisciplinary means to educate the patient and family or significant other in reference to the patient’s treatment
B. attend classes with the patients to learn about various medical treatments
C. rely on the nurses to educate your patient
D. rely on the patient and their family to educate you about the patient’s disease
use multidisciplinary means to educate the patient and family or significant other in reference to the patient’s treatment
198
Why would it be beneficial to sit with the parents and child in the waiting room to get a history of the child and explain the procedure?
A. helps the child become familiar and comfortable with the radiologic staff
B. expedites the time spent in the radiographic room
C. ensures the technical competence of the staff
D. allow the parents active participation with the exam
helps the child become familiar and comfortable with the radiologic staff
199
A radiologic technologist may be found guilty of a tort in which of the following conditions?
1. Failure to shield a patient of childbearing age from unnecessary radiation
2. Performing an examination on a patient who has refused the examination
3. discussing a patient’s condition with a third party
1,2 and 3
200
Which of the following involve(s) intentional misconduct?
1. invasion of privacy
2. false imprisonment
3. patient sustaining injury from a fall while left unattended
1 and 2 only
201
Approximately 90% of all medical negligence claims are somehow related to diagnostic imaging.
True
False
False
202
Which of the following must be contained in the patient’s medical record or chart?
1. Diagnostic and therapeutic order
2. medical history
3. informed consent
1, 2 and 3
203
Ethics was born of necessity.
True
False
true
204
```
Which of the following describes an undesirable method of questioning that provides information that may direct the answer toward a suspected symptom or complaint?
A. facilitation
B. palpation
C. nonverbal communication
D. leading question
```
leading question
205
What is the significance of a good clinical history?
A. it provides the referring physician’s admitting diagnosis
B. it provides general information regarding the patient’s condition
C. it focuses the radiologist’s attention to a specific area
D. it translates the patients complaints into medical jargon
it focuses the radiologist’s attention to a specific area
206
Adolescents’ special needs revolve around their modest feelings about their bodies. Therefore radiographers need to do which of the following?
A. proceed with the exam regardless of their concerns
B. respect their wishes to keep fully covered
C. have a radiologist ask their LMP
D. ignore professional recommendations for patient prep
respect their wishes to keep fully covered
207
```
The failure to use such care as a reasonably prudent person would use under like or similar situations is termed:
A. negligence
B. defamation
C. slander
D. none of the above
```
negligence
208
```
The basic reporting mechanism that is essential to risk management to measure and help reduce liability is the:
A. incident report
B. pareto chart
C. quality indicator
D. excel computer program
```
Incident report
209
```
Which of the following should not be asked when taking patient history?
A. How did your injury occur?
B. Where is your pain?
C. When did your injury occur?
D. How long have you had cancer?
```
How long have you had cancer?
210
Which of the following statements is not true?
A. ethics apply to specific groups
B. laws apply to political subdivisions
C. morals apply to individuals
D. morals control individuals within a group
E. ethics control a group from within
Morals control individuals within a group
