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PNS Exam One > Unit III: Cranial Nerves V & Some VII > Flashcards

Unit III: Cranial Nerves V & Some VII Flashcards

0
Q

Does cranial nerve V carry more sensory or motor fibers?

A

Sensory

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1
Q

Which is the largest of the cranial nerves?

A

Cranial nerve V

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2
Q

What is the nickname of cranial nerve V?

A

Great sensory nerve of the face

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3
Q

What are the three nuclei of termination associated with the trigeminal nerve?

A

Main sensory nucleus, spinal nucleus, trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus

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4
Q

What is the nucleus of origin of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Trigeminal motor nucleus

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5
Q

What is the peripheral ganglion associated with the trigeminal nerve?

A

Trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion

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6
Q

What are the three peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular

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7
Q

What is another name for the spinal nucleus of cranial nerve V?

A

Spinotrigeminal nucleus

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8
Q

In what part of the nervous system is the trigeminal ganglion located?

A

PNS (periphery)

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9
Q

Where are the cell bodies located if the nucleus of termination is the main trigeminal or spinal nuclei?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

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10
Q

What are the only primary sensory neurons that have cell bodies located in the CNS?

A

Those whose nucleus of termination is the mesencephalic nucleus

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11
Q

The main trigeminal nucleus of termination is specific to what sensory information?

A

Touch, vibration, joint proprioception

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12
Q

The spinal nucleus of termination for cranial nerve V is specific to what types of sensory information?

A

Pain and temperature

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13
Q

What spinal tract is analogous to the nuclei of termination to the spinal nucleus of cranial nerve V?

A

Lateral spinothalamic

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14
Q

Which branch of cranial nerve V is the only branch to carry motor fibers?

A

Mandibular branch

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15
Q

The motor nucleus of cranial nerve V receives information from where?

A

Cerebral cortex, reticular formation, red nucleus, tectum, MLF, mesencephalic nucleus

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16
Q

What is the apparent origin of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Lateral aspect of the pons

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17
Q

What is the only cranial nerve to have its apparent origin on the pons?

A

Cranial nerve V

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18
Q

What is the name of the pouch of dura where the trigeminal nerve enters and where the trigeminal ganglion is located?

A

Trigeminal (Meckel’s) cave

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19
Q

The ophthalmic division of cranial nerve V carries what type of information?

A

Sensory information only

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20
Q

The ophthalmic division of cranial nerve V enters the orbit via what structure?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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21
Q

The ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve is sensory to what areas of skin?

A

Over the nose, forehead, and scalp

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22
Q

In which locations does the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve carry sensation from mucous membranes?

A

Frontal and sphenoid sinuses and the membrane covering the nasal septum

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23
Q

Where does the meningeal nerve give off?

A

Before the ophthalmic division leaves the superior orbital fissure

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24
Q

What does the meningeal nerve supply?

A

The dura mater lining the middle cranial fossa (temporal lobes)

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25
Q

What branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve is the smallest of the three main branches?

A

Lacrimal

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26
Q

Is the lacrimal nerve motor to the lacrimal gland?

A

NO! It’s purely sensory!

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27
Q

The lacrimal nerve travels along which muscle?

A

Lateral rectus

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28
Q

The lacrimal nerve also carries parasympathetic fibers that came from where?

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion from cranial nerve VII

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29
Q

What is the largest major branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Frontal nerve

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30
Q

What are the two branches of the frontal nerve?

A

Supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves

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31
Q

The supratrochlear nerve carries sensation from what area?

A

From the medial corner of the eye

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32
Q

The supraorbital nerve carries sensation from what areas?

A

From the forehead, upper eyelid, conjunctiva, and the mucous membrane lining the frontal sinus

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33
Q

What are the two terminal branches of the nasociliary nerve?

A

Anterior ethmoid and infratrochlear nerve

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34
Q

What are the three branches of the nasociliary nerve that arise before the two terminal branches?

A

A communicating branch to the ciliary ganglion, long ciliary nerve, and posterior ethmoid nerve

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35
Q

What does the long ciliary nerve of the nasociliary nerve supply?

A

The eyeball

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36
Q

The posterior ethmoid nerve carries sensory information from what areas?

A

Sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses

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37
Q

What does the anterior ethmoid nerve supply?

A

Skin over the nose, mucous membrane covering the anterior part of the nasal septum

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38
Q

The anterior ethmoid nerve supplies the skin over the nose by way of what nerve?

A

External nasal nerve

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39
Q

The anterior ethmoid nerve supplies the mucous membrane covering the anterior part of the nasal septum by way of what nerve?

A

Internal nasal nerve

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40
Q

What does the infratrochlear nerve supply?

A

Medial corner of the eye, including the lacrimal sac

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41
Q

Parasympathetic information from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the lacrimal nerve gets there by way of what nerves?

A

Zygomatic nerve and zygomaticotemporal nerve (C.N. V2)

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42
Q

The maxillary division of cranial nerve V enters the pterygopalatine fossa through what osseous opening?

A

Foramen rotundum

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43
Q

The maxillary division carries sensation from what areas?

A

Skin between the eyes and mouth and over the cheeks and temples

44
Q

The maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve carries information from the mucosa of which areas?

A

Maxillary sinuses, nasal conchae, palate, and gingiva

45
Q

Which branch of the maxillary nerve of the trigeminal nerve is given off before the division exits the foramen rotundum and also supplies the meninges of the middle cranial fossa?

A

Middle meningeal nerve

46
Q

The zygomatic nerve enters the orbit through what osseous opening?

A

Inferior orbital fissure

47
Q

The zygomatic nerve has a communicating branch that serves what purpose?

A

Carry postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the lacrimal gland

48
Q

What does the zygomaticotemporal nerve supply?

A

Skin over the temple

49
Q

What does the zygomaticofacial nerve supply?

A

Skin over the cheek

50
Q

What nerves carry sensory information from the upper pharynx, nasal cavity, and palate?

A

Two or three ganglionic branches through the pterygopalatine ganglion to the maxillary division

51
Q

What does the infraorbital nerve supply?

A

Lower eyelid, skin over the upper jaw, and the maxillary sinus

52
Q

Before entering the infraorbital canal, the infraorbital nerve gives off what branches?

A

Posterior, middle, and anterior superior alveolar nerves

53
Q

The infraorbital nerve travels through which osseous opening?

A

Infraorbital fissure and canal

54
Q

The posterior superior alveolar nerve supplies which teeth?

A

Molars

55
Q

The middle superior alveolar nerve supplies which teeth?

A

Premolars and canines

56
Q

The anterior superior alveolar nerve supplies which teeth?

A

Incisors

57
Q

What is the location of the superior dental plexus?

A

Just above the alveoli

58
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach the pterygopalatine ganglion from the facial nerve by way of what nerve?

A

Greater petrosal nerve

59
Q

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from what other ganglion also pass through the pterygopalatine ganglion?

A

Superior cervical ganglion

60
Q

The mandibular division of cranial nerve V exits the cranial vault through what opening?

A

Foramen ovale

61
Q

What makes up the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Large sensory root and small motor root

62
Q

Where do the sensory and motor roots of cranial nerve V combine to form the mandibular division?

A

Infratemporal fossa

63
Q

How many muscles are supplied by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

8 muscles including the muscles of mastication

64
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

Masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoids

65
Q

What are the “other” muscles supplied by the trigeminal nerve?

A

Tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, mylohyoid, and the anterior belly of digastric

66
Q

From where does the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve carry sensation?

A

Skin over the mandible, posterior cheek, and posterior temple

67
Q

The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve carries sensation from mucosa of what locations?

A

Lower oral cavity and cheeks

68
Q

What two branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve are given off in the infratemporal fossa?

A

Recurrent meningeal branch and medial pterygoid nerve

69
Q

What is another name for the recurrent meningeal branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Nervus spinosum

70
Q

The recurrent meningeal branch (nervus spinosum) of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve reenters the cranial vault through which opening?

A

Foramen spinosum

71
Q

The recurrent meningeal branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (nervus spinosum) supplies the dura of what areas?

A

Middle cranial fossa, anterior cranial fossa, and calvarium

72
Q

What does the medial pterygoid nerve supply?

A

Medial pterygoid with some fibers to tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani (that travel through the otic ganglion)

73
Q

Which division of the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve is larger?

A

Posterior division

74
Q

What are the branches of the anterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Masseter nerve, deep temporal nerve, lateral pterygoid nerve, and buccal nerve

75
Q

What does the masseter nerve supply?

A

Motor - masseter muscle

Sensory - temporomandibular joint

76
Q

What does the deep temporal nerve supply?

A

Both of its branches (anterior and posterior) supply the temporalis muscle

77
Q

What does the lateral pterygoid nerve supply?

A

Lateral pterygoid muscle

78
Q

What is the major sensory branch of the anterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Buccal nerve

79
Q

The buccal nerve of the anterior division of the mandibular division of cranial nerve V carries sensory information from where?

A

From the cheek (both skin and mucosal surfaces) and the buccal gingivae of the molars

80
Q

The auriculotemporal nerve passes through what structure?

A

Parotid gland

81
Q

The auriculotemporal nerve carries sensory information from where?

A

The skin of the temple and ear (also some postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the otic ganglion)

82
Q

What is the course of the auriculotemporal nerve?

A

Through the parotid gland, posterior to the TMJ, and into the infratemporal fossa

83
Q

What are the branches of the posterior division of the mandibular division of cranial nerve V?

A

Auriculotemporal, lingual, and inferior alveolar nerve

84
Q

The lingual nerve carries sensory information from where?

A

The mucosa of the oral cavity

85
Q

The lingual nerve combines with what branch in the infratemporal fossa?

A

Chorda tympani from cranial nerve VII

86
Q

The inferior alveolar nerve carries sensory information from where?

A

The lower teeth and the chin

87
Q

What branch of the inferior alveolar nerve supplies the incisors, canines, and 1st premolars along with the adjacent gingivae?

A

Incisive branch

88
Q

What branch of the inferior alveolar nerve supplies the labial gingivae adjacent to the incisors and the skin of the lower lip and chin?

A

Mental nerve

89
Q

What do the motor fibers of the inferior alveolar nerve supply?

A

Mylohyoid and the anterior belly of digastric

90
Q

When do the motor fibers of the inferior alveolar nerve diverge to supply the anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid?

A

BEFORE the inferior alveolar nerve passes through the mandibular foramen

91
Q

If a bottom tooth needs numbing at the dentist, why must the entire bottom row become numbed?

A

Only one nerve is responsible for sensation down there (inferior alveolar nerve)

92
Q

Why are dentists able to numb multiple individual locations on the upper row of teeth compared to the bottom row?

A

There are three superior alveolar nerves that go to different areas of the upper row of teeth

93
Q

What condition involves unilateral pain within the field of distribution of cranial nerve V?

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

94
Q

What is the nickname for cranial nerve VII?

A

Nerve of Facial Expression

95
Q

What is the primary nucleus of origin of the facial nerve?

A

Motor nucleus of the facial nerve

96
Q

What nucleus contributes preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the facial nerve?

A

Superior salivary nucleus

97
Q

What is the special sensory function of the facial nerve?

A

Taste

98
Q

Is the facial nerve mostly sensory or motor?

A

Motor

99
Q

What is the location of the motor nucleus of the facial nerve?

A

Caudal part of the pons

100
Q

Sensory fibers carried in the facial nerve terminate in what location?

A

Upper part of the solitary nucleus

101
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the facial nerve located?

A

Geniculate ganglion

102
Q

Facial preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse in what locations?

A

Pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia

103
Q

General sensation from what areas are carried to the geniculate ganglion?

A

External ear and lateral tympanic membrane

104
Q

Information from the external ear and later tympanic membrane from the geniculate ganglion is carried to what location?

A

Solitary nucleus

105
Q

Specific fibers that convert taste from the anterior part of the tongue are carried in what nerve?

A

Chorda tympani

106
Q

The motor nucleus of the facial nerve contains axons of what kind of motor neurons?

A

Lower motor neurons

107
Q

The motor nucleus of the facial nerve receives information from what areas?

A

Both cerebral hemispheres and the reticular formation

108
Q

What spinal tract is analogous to the nuclei of termination to the main trigeminal nucleus of cranial nerve V?

A

Anterior spinothalamic

PNS Exam One (6 decks)

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