Unit I - Intro to Pharmacology

Question 1

ADAMS UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

What type of medical drug usage where you use a radiopaque dye?

A. Prophylactic
B. Therapeutic
C. Diagnostic
D. Curative

Answer 1

C. Diagnostic

Question 2

ADAMS

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

The name that is assigned by the US Adopted Name Council.

A. Generic
B. Chemical
C. Brand

Answer 2

A. Generic

Question 3

ADAMS

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

What type of medical drug usage is given to prevent a potential problem?

A. Therapeutic
B. Prophylactic
C. Curative Usage
D. Replacement

Answer 3

B. Prophylactic

Question 4

Name the four main categories used to group pharmacokinetic processes. REMEMBER: ADME

Answer 4

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

Question 5

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 gave the government power to do what?

A. Sell OTC products
B. Synthesize morphine
C. Control drug labeling
D. Open pharmacy companies

Answer 5

C. Control drug labeling

Question 6

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

The Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 prevented which of the following?

A. Use of herbals products
B. Synthesis of narcotic substances
C. Distribution of dietary supplements
D. Sale of drugs that had not been thoroughly tested.

Answer 6

D. Sale of drugs that had not been thoroughly tested.

Question 7

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

The FDA is NOT responsible for overseeing the administration of which of the following products?

A. Dietary supplements
B. Herbal products
C. OTC drugs
D. Pesticides

Answer 7

D. Pesticides

Question 8

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

Which of the following phases of drug approval produces inconclusive therapeutic results?

A. Clinical phase trials.
B. New drug application
C. Preclinical investigation
D. Postmarketing surveillance

Answer 8

C. Preclinical investigation

Question 9

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

In the drug approval process, what is the purpose of the postmarketing surveillance stage?

A. Completion of laboratory tests on human cells
B. Small clinical trials on volunteers
C. Animal and human drug trials
D. Survey for harmful effects in a large human population

Answer 9

D. Survey for harmful effects in a large human population

Question 10

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

What is the purpose of the Prescription Drug User Fee Act?

A. To regulate use of dietary supplements
B. To provide yearly user fees to the FDA
C. To charge a lower fee to those who are chronically ill
D. To allow elders to use drugs with greater freedom

Answer 10

B. To provide yearly user fees to the FDA

Question 11

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

Which of the following statements best describes an advantage of prescription drugs over OTC drugs?

A. OTC drugs do not require a physician’s order.

B. Prescription drugs ensure that harmful reactions, ineffective treatment, or a progressive disease state will not occur.

C. Only patients authorized to receive prescription drugs will take these medications.

D. The nurse can maximize therapy by ordering the amount and frequency to be dispensed.

Answer 11

A. OTC drugs do not require a physician’s order.

Question 12

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

In Canada, drug testing and risk assessment fall under the:

A. Food Directorate.
B. Health Products and Food Brand (HPFB).
C. Therapeutic Products Programme (TPP).
D. Health Protection Branch (HPB).

Answer 12

B. Health Products and Food Brand (HPFB).

Question 13

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

Which of the following statements is true about the drug approval process in Canada?

A. Cosmetics do not need to be regulated.

B. Homeopathic remedies need no formal regulation.

C. Regulation is unnecessary if a drug has a special identification number.

D. The Canadian government needs to monitor natural dietary supplements and herbs.

Answer 13

D. The Canadian government needs to monitor natural dietary supplements and herbs.

Question 14

ADAMS WKBK

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

CHAPTER 1

Which of the following statements best describes the work of health Canada?

A. It is a federal department working to ensure proper management of health and safety issues.

B. It represents pharmaceutical companies to speed the drug review process.

C. It tests the potential for harmful drug effects on the general population.

D. It enforces a drug user fee on pharmaceutical companies.

Answer 14

A. It is a federal department working to ensure proper management of health and safety issues.

Question 15

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

A client tells the nurse, “I have been reading about research trials, I would like to be involved in one.” The nurse asks the client if she has any documented diseases, knowing the client might be eligible to participate in which clinical trial phase?

A. Postmarketing Surveillance
B. Preclinical investigation
C. Phase II
D. Phase I

Answer 15

C. Phase II

Question 16

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

A client who plans to purchase drugs from Canada expresses concern that the drugs will be substandard. The nurse explains:

A. “You should have reservations about obtaining drugs from Canada.”

B. “Drugs from Canada must comply with standards established by recognized formularies in the United States and are safe.”

C. “I can understand you want to save money, but it would be better to purchase your drugs in the United States.”

D. “The Canadian Food and Drug Act has much different approval process, and is not a stringent as ours in the United States.”

Answer 16

B. “Drugs from Canada must comply with standards established by recognized formularies in the United States and are safe.”

Question 17

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

A client prefers to purchase OTC medications rather than prescription medications whenever possible. The nurse informs the client that advantages to using the OTC meds include:

A. They do not interact with food and beverages.
B. Access to them is easier.
C. They are less expensive than prescription medications.
D. Fewer side effects can be expected.

Answer 17

B. Access to them is easier.

Question 18

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

The nurse explains to a client that the phase postmarketing surveillance is best described as:

A. The longest part of the approval process.
B. Extensive laboratory research.
C. The final stage of the approval process
D. Trials and animal drug test.

Answer 18

C. The final stage of the approval process

Question 19

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

The nurse explains to a client that during the FDA drug approval process, clinical investigators from many different medical specialties address concerns such as:

A. Whether a New Drug Application (NDA) must be filed.
B. Placing the application for review for six months.
C. Determining the marketability of the drug.
D. Whether the drug is effective.

Answer 19

D. Whether the drug is effective.

Question 20

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

A client asks the nurse, “I read the pill I am taking is a biologic. Is this some kind of special drug?” The nurse’s explanation is based on the knowledge that biologics:

A. Are agents naturally produced by animals, microorganisms, or the human body.

B. Are drugs that are similar to natural products but are artificially created in a laboratory.

C. Are strictly derived from natural plant products.

D. Include medications as well as all types of complementary alternative therapies.

Answer 20

A. Are agents naturally produced by animals, microorganisms, or the human body.

Question 21

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

A healthy, young client informs the nurse that she has enrolled in a clinical drug research study. The nurse recognizes the client is involved in which phase of trials?

A. Review of the New Drug Application (NDA)
B. Postmarketing surveillance
C. Clinical investigation
D. Preclinical investigation

Answer 21

C. Clinical investigation

Question 22

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

A nurse is preparing to teach about drugs and FDA approval to a group of nursing students. The nurse includes the information that which of the following drug types must obtain FDA approval before being marketed? (Select all that apply.)

A. Herbal preparations
B. Dietary supplements
C. Vaccines
D. Biologics
E. Laboratory-created drugs

Answer 22

C. Vaccines
D. Biologics
E. Laboratory-created drugs

Question 23

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

The nurse learns that an elderly client on a fixed income has stopped taking prescription medications and is using an OTC medication instead. The nurse expresses concern, and informs the client that OTC medication can have which of the following disadvantages (Select all that apply.)

A. Access to them often is restricted
B. They often are more expensive.
C. They can have serious side effects
D. Self treatment might be ineffective.

Answer 23

C. They can have serious side effects

D. Self treatment might be ineffective.

Question 24

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING KIT - CHAPTER 1

The nurse can check the U.S. Pharmacopoeia: NF to find which information about a drug that a client is receiving?

A. Common side effects
B. Reports of death attributed to the drugs’ use.
C. Exact ingredients and strength of purity
D. Off-label uses for the drug

Answer 24

C. Exact ingredients and strength of purity

Question 25

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

Nurses ensure that better postmarketing surveillance of the drug approval process is achieved by:

A. Participating in administering medications during Phase II and Phase III trials.

B. Working at larger, urban medical centers.

C. Monitoring for and reporting adverse effects.

D. Participating in Phase V of the drug approval process.

Answer 25

C. Monitoring for and reporting adverse effects.

Question 26

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse has the most frequent opportunities to participate in the drug approval process during:

A. Phase IV.
B. Phase III.
C. Phase II.
D. Phase I.

Answer 26

A. Phase IV.

Question 27

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse recognizes that a client being treated with pharmacotherapy is to receive which of the following?

A. Traditional prescription medication along with herbal remedies.
B. A combination of medication and physical therapy.
C. Alternative therapies for treatment of disease symptoms
D. Medication to prevent or treat a disease.

Answer 27

D. Medication to prevent or treat a disease.

Question 28

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A student nurse prepares the ordered medications for a client. The student nurse will apply knowledge of pharmacology during which phase of the nursing process?

A. Analysis, Implementation, and Evaluation
B. Assessment and Implementation
C. During all phases of the nursing process.
D. Just while implementing and evaluating medication effects.

Answer 28

C. During all phases of the nursing process.

Question 29

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

In order for the nurse to be involved in client care and remain active in educating, managing, and monitoring the proper use of drugs, the nurse must have a strong knowledge of which of the following?

A. Speech
B. Anatomy and physiology
C. Psychology
D. Communication

Answer 29

B. Anatomy and physiology

Question 30

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client is curious about how a drug is developed. What should the nurse explain is the purpose of the laboratory studies done in the initial phase?

A. A large group of healthy volunteers are assessed for drug side effects.

B. The treatment of a particular disease is studied.

C.Effectiveness of different doses and adverse effects are examined.

D. Cultured cells are treated with drugs to examine their effectiveness.

Answer 30

D. Cultured cells are treated with drugs to examine their effectiveness.

Question 31

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse reports the adverse effects a client is experiencing while receiving a newly released medication. What is the main purpose of the post marketing surveillance stage of drug approval?

A. Clinical trials are continued to evaluate frequency of adverse reactions.

B. Individual client responses are compared to the general public.

C. The efficacy of the drug is determined for new drugs.

D. Harmful drug effects in the larger population are monitored.

Answer 31

D. Harmful drug effects in the larger population are monitored.

Question 32

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client with an autoimmune disease expresses an interest in enrolling in a clinical research trial. Which clinical trial phase would the nurse recommend as being most appropriate for this client?

a. Clinical investigation
b. NDA review
c. Post marketing surveillance
d. Pre-clinical investigation

Answer 32

a. Clinical investigation

Question 33

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client informs the nurse, “I will only use complementary alternative therapies to treat my migraines.” The nurse understands the client will treat a migraine by using which of the following methods?

A. Using any variety of biofeedback and hypnotic therapies.

B. Supplementing drugs with physical therapy such as massage or biofeedback.

C. Taking herbal or dietary supplements and /or using mental and physical therapies.

D. Only using herbal supplements.

Answer 33

C. Taking herbal or dietary supplements and /or using mental and physical therapies.

Question 34

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

Nurses often use the terms drug and medication interchangeably. Which information should be considered when using these terms?

a. Medications are substances that only have desirable, therapeutic effects.
b. Many substances called drugs are not medications.
c. Drugs and medications are one in the same.
d. After a drug is administered it is called a medication.

Answer 34

d. After a drug is administered it is called a medication.

Question 35

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client overhears the physician talking about biologics and asks the nurse what they are. The nurse explains:

a. That they are a newer, modern drug that can treat many illnesses.
b. That biologics is just another word for medications.
c. They are drugs naturally produced in animals, microorganisms, or our bodies.
d. That biologics are drugs that are manufactured synthetically in a laboratory.

Answer 35

c. They are drugs naturally produced in animals, microorganisms, or our bodies.

Question 36

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client is undecided about using an herbal remedy. The nurse explains that the history of herbal medicine includes which of the following?

a. Plants were likely the earliest treatment for symptoms of disease.
b. Plants always a played a large role in religious ceremonies.
c. Plants, but not herbs, were used frequently by the Egyptians.
d. Herbs had a limited use in ancient times.

Answer 36

a. Plants were likely the earliest treatment for symptoms of disease.

Question 37

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse is teaching a student nurse about the origins of drugs. What should the nurse include when explaining the start of modern pharmacology?

a. The study of modern pharmacology began with the Egyptians.
b. It was not until the 20th century that pharmacology was considered modern.
c. It most likely started in the Dark Ages.
d. Modern pharmacology probably started in the early 1800’s.

Answer 37

d. Modern pharmacology probably started in the early 1800’s.

Question 38

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse recognizes the primary focus of pharmacology involves providing clients with which of the following?

a. Improvement of the quality of life and relief of human suffering
b. Creation of drug formulations that can easily be reproduced in the laboratory.
c. Development of as many drugs from natural sources as possible.
d. Provision of cures for disease states and chronic illness.

Answer 38

a. Improvement of the quality of life and relief of human suffering

Question 39

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client who has a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia expresses concern about taking unsafe medications. Which statement by a nurse might reassure this client?

a. “Oh, I think your paranoia is just part of your disease. You know you feel better on the medication, and you would not want to stop taking it.”
b. “Any pharmaceutical laboratory, whether private, public, or academic must obtain approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration before the drug can be sold.”
c. “Your doctor has prescribed medications for you that have been used for over 100 years.”
d. “Which medications do you fear are unsafe?”

Answer 39

b. “Any pharmaceutical laboratory, whether private, public, or academic must obtain approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration before the drug can be sold.”

Question 40

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client states her husband uses a lot of dietary supplements and expresses concerns they could be poisonous. What information pertaining to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations and supplements should the nurse share with the client?

a. The FDA closely regulates all dietary supplements and they are safe.
b. The FDA has the power to remove supplements that pose a significant risk.
c. This is a justified concern and she should discourage her husband from using supplements.
d. Most supplements are not poisonous, but they can be dangerous.

Answer 40

b. The FDA has the power to remove supplements that pose a significant risk.

Question 41

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse explains to a client that during the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approval process, clinical investigators from many different medical specialties address concerns such as:

a. Whether a New Drug Application (NDA) must be filed.
b. Determining the marketability of the drug.
c. Whether the drug is effective.
d. Placing the application for review for six months.

Answer 41

c. Whether the drug is effective.

Question 42

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client states, “This new drug is so expensive.” The nurse shares which of the following information regarding the process of new drug development?
(Select all that apply.)

a. All chemicals are treated on humans during clinical trials.
b. Most chemicals that are tested are developed into drugs, but the process takes many years.
c. Extensive laboratory research is conducted even before a drug is submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
d. A drug undergoes 11 years of research before it is marketed.
e. Clinical trials can take up to six years or longer.

Answer 42

c. Extensive laboratory research is conducted even before a drug is submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
e. Clinical trials can take up to six years or longer.

Question 43

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse recognizes which group of clients is most affected by the high cost of prescription medications.

a. Adolescents
b. Premature infants
c. Young adults
d. Senior citizens

Answer 43

d. Senior citizens

Question 44

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse teaches a client to check the USP label on medications, explaining it verifies which information?

a. Rate of bioavailability
b. Purity of medication
c. Exact ingredients of medication
d. Solubility of medication
e. How often to take medication

Answer 44

b. Purity of medication

c. Exact ingredients of medication

Question 45

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client tells the nurse she does not believe aspirin can do all the things it is advertised to do. The nurse’s response is based on which understanding?

a. Manufacturers have some literary license when advertising drugs.
b. Advertisements are not legally binding and may be misleading.
c. False claims of a drugs therapeutic effect are prohibited by law.
d. All drugs must meet specific standards of purity.

Answer 45

c. False claims of a drugs therapeutic effect are prohibited by law.

Question 46

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

The nurse understands the purpose of the Prescription Drug User Fee Act is to:

a. Provide financial support for the drug review process.
b. Charge a lower fee to those who are chronically ill.
c. Allow elders to use drugs with greater freedom.
d. Regulate use of dietary supplements.

Answer 46

a. Provide financial support for the drug review process.

Question 47

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client says to a nurse, “I am so annoyed. My doctor has given me this medication for years and my insurance always paid. Now they refuse to pay, since I can just buy it in the drugstore without a prescription.” Which response by a nurse is accurate?

a. “When it is less expensive to make the drugs available over the counter, then the Food and Drug Administration releases the drug for sale and the insurance company no longer pays for it.”
b. “Insurance companies refuse to pay for over-the-counter drugs, since these drugs often are not effective. Talk to your doctor about prescribing another drug.”
c. “Over-the-counter drugs are very dangerous since they can react with foods and herbal products, causing serious side effects. Therefore, insurance companies refuse to pay for them.”
d. “If a drug is shown to have very few side effects over the course of many years, the drug might be changed from a prescription to an over-the-counter drug.”

Answer 47

d. “If a drug is shown to have very few side effects over the course of many years, the drug might be changed from a prescription to an over-the-counter drug.”

Question 48

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

An elderly client informs the nurse, “I take a lot of over-the-counter (OTC) medications because I know they are safe for me.” The nurse’s best response would include:

a. “You are absolutely correct. If they were not safe, they would not be sold OTC.”
b. “Even though they are safe, you probably do not need to take so many.”
c. “They should be safe, but you should only take them when absolutely necessary.”
d. “They might be safe for you, but it is important to let your health care provider know all the medications you are taking.”

Answer 48

d. “They might be safe for you, but it is important to let your health care provider know all the medications you are taking.”

Question 49

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A client has been started on a calcium channel blocker for treatment of vasospastic angina. The client states, “My husband takes this medication for his hypertension. I don’t have hypertension and I don’t want to take it.” The nurse’s explanation is based on the understanding that:

a. The drug may have been ordered incorrectly and needs to be verified.
b. The client must also have a diagnosis, but is not aware of it.
c. Some drugs are used to treat more than one condition.
d. The client probably does not want to take any type of medications.

Answer 49

c. Some drugs are used to treat more than one condition.

Question 50

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

MY NURSING LAB - CHAPTER 1

A student nurse has finished a course in pharmacology and states, “I am so glad I am done with this course. I hope I can remember all these drugs.” What information is critical for the student to have a mastery of?

a. The application of drugs in individual clients
b. Substitutions of comparable drugs when the ordered drug is unavailable
c. The average dose of all medications
d. All drug interactions that are potentially possible

Answer 50

a. The application of drugs in individual clients

Question 51

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

You are helping a patient learn how to give himself an insulin injection. Which of the following is the best method for evaluation effective learning?

A. Verbally quiz a family member
B. Instruct the patient to complete a written test.
C. Have the patient demonstrate an insulin injection.
D. Ask the patient several key questions about the procedure.

Answer 51

C. Have the patient demonstrate an insulin injection.

Question 52

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

The time it takes for a drug to demonstrate a therapeutic response is:

A. Peak drug level
B. Duration of action
C. Trough drug level
D. Onset of action.

Answer 52

A. Peak drug level

Question 53

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

The point in time when a drug is at its lowest level in the body is:

A. Peak drug level
B. Duration of action
C. Trough drug level
D. Onset of action.

Answer 53

C. Trough drug level

Question 54

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

The length of time the drug’s therapeutic effect lasts is:

A. Peak drug level
B. Duration of action
C. Trough drug level
D. Onset of action.

Answer 54

B. Duration of action

Question 55

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

You note that a primary care provider prescribed morphine sulfate, an opioid agonist, to relieve a patient’s postoperative pain. Which of the following describes the action of an agonist on a receptor?

A. Destroy the receptor
B. Competes with the receptor
C. Activates the receptor
D. Blocks the receptor

Answer 55

C. Activates the receptor

Question 56

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A patient who is allergic to penicillin comes to the emergency department with suspect anaphylactic shock. Which of the following actions should you anticipate taking? (Select all that apply)

A. Initiate oxygen therapy to support respiratory function.
B. Administer epinephrine to increase blood pressure.
C. Give diphenhydramine (Benadryl) to stop histamine release.
D. Establish and maintain an open airway to ensure oxygenation.
E. Administer a drug agonist to neutralize the allergic reaction.

Answer 56

A. Initiate oxygen therapy to support respiratory function.
B. Administer epinephrine to increase blood pressure.
C. Give diphenhydramine (Benadryl) to stop histamine release.
D. Establish and maintain an open airway to ensure oxygenation.

Question 57

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

You are talking with a patient about taking tetracycline (Sumycin) along with antacid. You tell the patient not to take these two drugs at the same time because the antacid may reduce the absorption of tetracycline. When one drug reduces the effect of another drug, it is

A. An allergic reaction.
B. A synergistic effect
C. An antagonistic effect.
D. An adverse reaction.

Answer 57

C. An antagonistic effect.

Question 58

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

Primary care providers prescribe drug dosages for children using which of the following information (Select all that apply)

A. Body surface area
B. Age
C. Weight
D. Developmental level
E. Drug properties

Answer 58

A. Body surface area
B. Age
C. Weight
E. Drug properties

Question 59

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

An older adult patient may be at risk for drug toxicity due to which of the following physiologic changes associated with aging?

A. Reduced hepatic blood flow

B. Increased glomerular filtration rate

C. Reduced body fat

D. Increased gastric motility

Answer 59

A. Reduced hepatic blood flow

Question 60

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A patient asks you about the difference between a generic drug and a trade- or brand-name drug. You explain that a generic drug (Select all that apply.)

A. has the potential for abuse and dependence.
B. has the same chemical composition as the brand-name drug.
C. may have several brand names.
D. may have several generic names.
E. is usually less expensive than a brand-name drug.

Answer 60

B. has the same chemical composition as the brand-name drug.

C. may have several brand names.

Question 61

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

Infants are at risk for drug toxicity due to which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A. Decreased liver enzymes
B. Reduced kidney perfusion
C. Increased stomach acid
D. Reduced percentage of body water
E. Reduced liver perfusion

Answer 61

A. Decreased liver enzymes
B. Reduced kidney perfusion
E. Reduced liver perfusion

Question 62

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is caring for a patient who arrived at an urgent care center following a bee sting. Which of the following findings indicate anaphylactic reaction? (Select all that apply.)

A. Low blood pressure
B. Wheezing
C. Bradycardia
D. Peripheral edema
E. Swallowing difficulty

Answer 62

A. Low blood pressure
B. Wheezing
C. Bradycardia
E. Swallowing difficulty

Question 63

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A patient is having difficulty remembering to take a prescribed drug three times a day. Which of the following forms of the drug should the health care professional recommend to increase adherence?

A. Liquid suspension
B. Immediate-release capsule
C. Extended-release tablet
D. Powder form

Answer 63

C. Extended-release tablet

Question 64

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

Which of the following describes drugs that are in pregnancy risk category D? (Select all that apply.)

A. Are safe to take during the first trimester of pregnancy.
B. Require the use of contraception of women of childbearing age.
C. Can cause fetal malformation
D. Can pass through the umbilical cord or the placenta to the fetus.
E. Require weighing potential benefits against possible risks.

Answer 64

B. Require the use of contraception of women of childbearing age.
C. Can cause fetal malformation
D. Can pass through the umbilical cord or the placenta to the fetus.
E. Require weighing potential benefits against possible risks.

Question 65

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is caring for a patient who has a history of renal insufficiency and is taking lithium (Eskalith). The health care professional should monitor for which of the following?

A. Tolerance to the drug
B. Drug toxicity
C. Drug interaction
D. Dependence on the drug

Answer 65

B. Drug toxicity

Question 66

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A patient who reports chronic pain states that his fentanyl (Duragesic) topical patch is no longer effective for pain relief. The health care professional should suspect which of the following?

A. Tolerance to the drug
B. Dependence on the drug
C. Drug toxicity
D. Drug interaction

Answer 66

A. Tolerance to the drug

Question 67

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional obtaining a patient’s health history discovers that the patient takes loratadine (Claritan), an over the counter drug. Which of the following information about the over the counter drugs is correct? (Select all that apply.)

A. They do not require supervision of a health care professional.
B. They can interact with other drugs.
C. They should be included in the drug history assessment.
D. They are less effective than prescription drugs.
E. They do not cause toxicity.

Answer 67

A. They do not require supervision of a health care professional.
B. They can interact with other drugs.
C. They should be included in the drug history assessment.

Question 68

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

When talking to a patient about taking naproxen (EC-Naprosyn), enteric-coated tablets, which of the following should the health care professional include?

A. Expect drug absorption in the stomach.
B. Expect immediate drug absorption.
C. Allow the drug to dissolve in your mouth.
D. Do not crush or chew the tablet.

Answer 68

D. Do not crush or chew the tablet.

Question 69

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is talking about drugs that have a small margin of safety to a patient who is taking phenytoin (Dilantin). The health care professional should include which of the following information? (Select all that apply.)

A. Periodic laboratory tests are essential to measure serum drug levels.
B. Monitoring for indications of toxicity is important.
C. Effects can decrease over an extended period of time.
D. Taking the smallest effective dose is crucial.
E. Increasing fluid intake is recommended to avoid toxicity.

Answer 69

A. Periodic laboratory tests are essential to measure serum drug levels.
B. Monitoring for indications of toxicity is important.
D. Taking the smallest effective dose is crucial.

Question 70

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is hospitalized with chest pain. Patient instruction about drugs and discharge planning should begin

A. as soon as possible.
B. on the day of discharge.
C. when family members are present.
D. after the patient has a definitive diagnosis.

Answer 70

A. as soon as possible.

Question 71

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is obtaining a patient’s health history. The patient states that he has no allergies but developed some mild itching while taking amoxicillin (Amoxil). Which of the following information should the health professional explain to the patient?

A. Itching is an expected side effect of amoxicillin.
B. Itching can indicate amoxicillin toxicity.
C. Itching can indicate a hypersensitivity to amoxicillin.
D. Itching can result from the dry skin often caused amoxicillin.

Answer 71

C. Itching can indicate a hypersensitivity to amoxicillin.

Question 72

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is having cardiac dysrhythmias and is taking digoxin (Lanoxin). The health care professional should recognize that which of the following routes of administration has the fastest absorption?

A. Subcutaneous
B. IM
C. Oral
D. IV

Answer 72

D. IV

Question 73

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

When talking to a patient about taking vancomycin (Vancocin), the health care professional explains the need to check periodic blood levels of the drug to monitor serum peak and trough. Peak and trough drug levels help monitor which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A. Drug toxicity
B. Minimum effective dose
C. Constant therapeutic level
D. Biotransformation
E. First-pass effect

Answer 73

A. Drug toxicity
B. Minimum effective dose
C. Constant therapeutic level

Question 74

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is preparing to explain how to take care of a newly created colostomy to a patient. The health care professional should recognize that which of the following can decrease the patient’s ability to learn? (Select all that apply.)

A. Cognitive level
B. Language
C. Comfort level
D. Mild anxiety
E. Readiness to learn

Answer 74

A. Cognitive level
B. Language
C. Comfort level
E. Readiness to learn

Question 75

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

The health care professional administers 2 units of Regular insulin (Humulin R) to a patient by subcutaneous injection at 0700. The package insert included with the Regular insulin bottle states that the onset of action is 30 to 60 min, the peak effect is 1 to 5 hr, and the duration is 6 to 10 hr. The health care professional should advise the patient to expect the lowest blood glucose level at which of the following times?

A. 0700
B. 0730
C. 0900
D. 1300

Answer 75

C. 0900

Question 76

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

An adult patient who has hypertension is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec), a drug that is eliminated by the kidneys. Before the patient begins the drug, the health care professional should address which of the following blood values?

A. Total cholesterol
B. Creatinine clearance
C. Platelet count
D. C-reactive protein

Answer 76

B. Creatinine clearance

Question 77

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

Which of the following information should health care professionals consider when calculating drug dosages for infants and children compared with adults?

A. Percent of body fat is greater in children than in adults.
B. Infants have a smaller body surface area that adults.
C. Urine is more concentrated in infants than in adults.
D. Older children can have a faster metabolic rate than adults.

Answer 77

D. Older children can have a faster metabolic rate than adults.

Question 78

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is taking acetaminophen (Tylenol), a nonopioid analgesic, and an opioid agonist, for pain relief. These drugs interact together causing an additive effect. Which of the following characteristics of additive drug interactions? (Select all that apply.)

A. Patients can achieve desired effects with the use of lower dosages.
B. Taking two drugs together can reduce the effects of one or both drugs.
C. Taking two drugs together can potentiate the effects of one or both drugs.
D. The two drugs produce an action neither would have produced alone.
E. Both drugs have similar actions.

Answer 78

A. Patients can achieve desired effects with the use of lower dosages.
E. Both drugs have similar actions.

Question 79

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is speaking to a patient who is taking carbamazepine (Tegretol) and who reports drinking grapefruit juice. The health care professional explains that grapefruit juice inhibits an enzyme in the liver that is used to metabolize certain drugs, such as carbamazepine. She should recognize the patient’s risk for which of the following?

A. Reduced drug absorption
B. Drug dependence
C. Altered drug distribution
D. Drug toxicity

Answer 79

D. Drug toxicity

Question 80

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is explaining the adverse effects of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient. Which of the following is an adverse effect of the drug?

A. Cardiac dysrhythmias
B. Increased cardiac output
C. Increased urine output
D. Reduced edema

Answer 80

A. Cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 81

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is talking to a patient about giving the correct dose of acetaminophen (Tylenol) to the patient’s infant. The health care professional explains that infants can absorb certain drugs at different rates than adults. Which of the following is a physiologic characteristic of infants that can alter drug absorption?

A. Delayed gastric emptying
B. Increased gastric acidity
C. Increased first-pass effect
D. Greater protein-binding capacity

Answer 81

A. Delayed gastric emptying

Question 82

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is talking with a female patient who is taking captopril (Capoten), and ACE inhibitor, for hypertension. The health care professional informs the patient that captopril is a teratogenic drug. Teratogenic drugs can cause which of the following?

A. Maternal bleeding
B. Fetal malformation
C. Gestational diabetes
D. Maternal blood clots.

Answer 82

B. Fetal malformation

Question 83

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is caring for a patient is receiving nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) IV and is changing to the oral form of the drug. The health care professional should recognize that the oral dose will be higher than the IV dose because of which of the following?

A. The IV dose crossing the blood-brain barrier
B. Decrease bioavailability because of the first-pass effect.
C. Decreased half life of the oral dose.
D. Increased rate of excretion of the oral dose.

Answer 83

B. Decrease bioavailability because of the first-pass effect.

Question 84

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A health care professional is preparing to administer a parenteral drug to a patient. Which of the following drugs is he preparing to give?

A. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) via rectal suppository.
B. Albuterol (Proventil) via inhaler
C. Heparin via subcutaneous injection
D. Betaxolol (Betoptic) via eye drops.

Answer 84

C. Heparin via subcutaneous injection

Question 85

UNIT I INTRO TO PHARMACOLOGY

ATI - PharmMadeEasy

A patient who is postpartum and is breastfeeding asks a health care professional about what effects taking over the counter drugs will have on her newborn. Which of the following should the health care professional consider when recommending a drug for the patient? (Select all that apply.)

A. The newborn’s weight
B. How much breast milk the newborn consumes each day
C. Whether or not the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the newborn
D. The properties of the drug
E. The route of administration of the drug

Answer 85

A. The newborn’s weight
B. How much breast milk the newborn consumes each day
C. Whether or not the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the newborn
D. The properties of the drug