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CCS Science 9 Flashcards > Unit E | Topic 2.1 - 2.2 | arriving and living in space > Flashcards

Unit E | Topic 2.1 - 2.2 | arriving and living in space Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of:
Gravitational escape velocity

A

A speed of which is required to “break free” of a planets gravitational pull

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2
Q

What is Issac Newton’s third law of motion?

A

Every action as an equal and opposite reaction

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3
Q

What are the three basic systems of a rocket?

A
  1. Payload system
  2. Guidance system
  3. Propulsion system
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4
Q

What is the payload system of a rocket?

A

A place in the rocket (usually the cone located at the tip of the rocket) where payload is stored. Must be strong and lightweight

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5
Q

What is the guidance system of a rocket?

A

A system that maneuvers the rocket during flight

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6
Q

What is the propulsion system of a rocket?

A

A system that uses a solid and/or liquid to fuel engines

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7
Q

Definition of:
Exhaust velocity

A

The speed at which fuel leaves the rocket
Higher exhaust velocity = greater motion

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8
Q

What is the purpose of “staging” rockets

A

Parts of a rocket disconnect during flight to make it lighter

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9
Q

Definition of:
Ion drives

A

Engines that use xenon gas instead of chemical fuels

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10
Q

Definition of:
Solar sails

A

A theoretical form of space travel that would utilize photons emitted from the sun to propel sails

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11
Q

Definition of:
Space shuttles

A

Large spacecraft designed to transport personnel and equipment into orbit

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12
Q

Definition of:
Space probes

A

Unmanned spacecraft that contain scientific instruments to study space

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13
Q

Definition of:
Space stations

A

Spacecraft that orbit earth containing living quarters, work areas, and support systems to allow people to live in space

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14
Q

Definition of:
Microgravity

A

Greatly reduced effects of gravity

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15
Q

What are some hazards of living in space?

A
  • Effects of microgravity
  • Extreme temperature changes
  • Low oxygen levels
  • No natural food or water supply
  • Lack of natural air pressure
  • Solar radiation
    -Space junk
  • Mental isolation
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16
Q

Why is microgravity a hazard in space?

A
  1. Decreases bone density
  2. Muscle atrophy
  3. Decreases brain coordination
17
Q

Why is temperature an issue in space?

A

Due to the lack of atmosphere, temperatures can become very hot and very cold

18
Q

Why is lack of air pressure an issue in space

A

Unprotected human cells expand as a result of no air pressure, which can lead to internal fluids boiling

19
Q

Why is solar radiation a problem in space?

A

Due to a lack of atmosphere (and ozone), there’s no protection in space from harmful radiation, which can lead to multiple health issues

20
Q

What is space junk?

A

Unused satellites and other man-made debris that orbit earth

21
Q

Why is space junk a problem?

A

If space junk collides with spacecraft, it can be damaging and dangerous

22
Q

Why is water not often delivered to space stations?

A

Expensive and unreliable

23
Q

What are primary sources of water on the ISS?

A
  • Astronaut urine
  • Astronaut sweat
  • Condensate
24
Q

How do Astronauts deal with their trash?

A

Their trash is transported back to earth on the same rocket they receive supplies from

25
Q

What process is used to create oxygen from water?

A

Electrolysis:
Electricity is used to split apart hydrogen and oxygen atoms

26
Q

Definition of:
Artificial satellites

A

Spacecraft put into orbit around earth by humas

27
Q

Definition of:
Satellite

A

A small body that orbits a larger one

28
Q

What is a natural satellite?

A

A celestial body that orbits a larger celestial body

29
Q

True or False:
The moon is a satellite

A

True:
By definition, the moon is an object orbiting another object, which is a satellite

30
Q

Definition of:
Geosynchronous orbit

A

Satellites positioned high above the equator and orbit at the same rate the earth rotates

31
Q

Definition of:
Asynchronous orbit

A

Satellites positioned close to the earth and orbit multiple times a day

32
Q

What are the four main reasons humans use artificial satellites?

A
  1. Communication
  2. Observation and research
  3. Remote sensing
  4. Personal Tracking (GPS)

CCS Science 9 Flashcards (24 decks)

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