Unit B | Topic 1 | Hazard symbols / Exploring matter Flashcards
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What is the definition of a hazard sign with a “!” on it?
Irritant:
The substance may cause minor health effects
What is the definition of a hazard sign with a damaged person on it?
Health hazard:
The substance is a cause of serious health effects, such as cancer or organ toxicity
What is the definition of a hazard sign with a flame on it?
Flammable:
The substance is flammable, and can ignite when exposed to water or air, or the fumes are flammable
What is the definition of a hazard sign with a cylinder on it?
Gas cylinder:
The substance (most likely a gas) is stored under pressure, such as liquid nitrogen
What is the definition of a hazard sign with test tubes burning objects on it?
Corrosive:
The substance can cause corrosive damage to metals, skin, or eyes
What is the definition of a hazard sign with an exploding object on it?
Explosive:
The substance is explosive and is extremely reactive to heat
What is the definition of a hazard sign with a flame over circle on it?
Oxidizer:
The substance causes fires or makes existing fires burn hotter and longer
What is the definition of a hazard sign with a skull and crossbones on it?
Toxic:
The substance has an immediate and severe toxic effect
What is the definition of a hazard sign with a dead tree and dead fish on it?
Environmental hazards:
The substance may cause damage to aquatic environments
What is all matter made of?
Extremely tiny particles
True or false:
Particles attract each other
True:
Particles do attract each other
What happens to particles when they have higher temperature?
They move faster on average than particles at lower temperatures
What are the three states matter could be in?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
Definition of:
Solid matter
Matter with a fixed volume and a fixed shape
Definition of:
Liquid matter
Matter with a fixed volume but a changing shape
Definition of:
Gas matter
Neither volume or shape are fixed
Definition of:
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
True or false:
Air is matter
True:
Air has mass and takes up space
Definition of:
Elements
The purest form of matter which cannot be broken down
How many elements are part of the periodic table?
118
How is an element represented?
1 or 2 letters specifically represent each element, but only the first letter is capitalized
What does an element retain no matter how much of it there is?
Physical and chemical properties retain in elements, no matter how much there is of that element
Definition of:
Compound
Pure substances made up of 2 or more elements chemically bonded together
What must be taken in or given off to break down or put together compounds?
energy
What is required to separate elements in a compound?
A chemical reaction
Definition of:
Chemical formulas
represents what elements are in a compound and how much of that element
What are some examples of compounds?
- Salt
- Water
- Sugar
- Baking soda
Definition of:
Diatomic elements
Elements that always bond to itself in it’s purest form
How many diatomic elements are there?
7
What are all the diatomic elements?
(I)odine
(H)ydrogen
(N)itrogen
(Br)omine
(O)xygen
(Cl)[chlorine]
(F)luorine
What phrase can be used to remember the diatomic elements?
(I) (H)ave (N)o (Br)ight (O)r (Cl)ever (F)riends
Definition of:
Mixtures
Mixtures are not pure substances, and they are physically combined (not chemically)
What are the two forms of mixtures?
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous mixtures
Definition of:
Homogeneous mixture
A mixture where it’s components are evenly mixed and stay evenly mixed (also known as a solution)
Definition of:
Heterogeneous mixture
A mixture in which the parts of it are not evenly mixed and settle into layers over time (also known as a suspension)
How can Compounds be identified?
A compound can be written out as a chemical formula
How can homogeneous mixtures be identified?
A homogeneous mixture can be pictured as a mixture where you can’t see the separate parts, such as a glass of juice
How can heterogeneous mixtures be identified?
A heterogeneous mixture can be pictured as a mixture where you can see the separate parts, such as a salad
