UNIT D - (Respiratory system) Flashcards
Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?
Gas exchange
The trachea leads to the…..?
Bronchii
The space at the back of the mouth, that leads either to the airway or the esophagus is the…?
Pharynx
Oxygen from the air enters the blood stream at what location?
alveoli
When the diaphragm contracts (is pulled downward), _______ occurs.
exhalation
Hyaline cartilage has primary function?
provide some cushioning and minimize friction between the bone ends. Also support the trachea
What divides the left and right side of the nasal cavity?
(The nasal septum) — is the cartilage and bone in your nose. The septum divides the nasal cavity (inside your nose) into a right and left side.
Identify two body systems that are directly responsible for breathing.
muscular, and skeletal
Identify two actions that create breathing movements.
contraction of the diaphragm, and raising of the rib cage
The diffusion of CO2 from the blood to the alveolus and the diffusion of O2 from the alveolus to the blood occur because…….?
CO2 is in higher concentration in the blood, and O2 is in higher concentration in the alveolus
A decrease in breathing rate is an indication of…..?
low blood CO2
Carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, is primarily carried in the blood as (1) _________ and (2) _____________.
carbaminohemoglobin, and bicarbonate ions
Which lung has 2 lobes? right or left?
left lung
The opening between vocal cords is the…..?
the glottis
Which part of the Respiratory System plays a major role in speech?
the larynx
A chamber behind the nose and mouth that leads to the trachea and is part of the digestive system and respiratory system.
the pharynx
What does the respiratory system release?
carbon dioxide
The only externally visible part of the respiratory system is the…..?
The nose
Which blood cells carry the oxygen to the rest of the body?
red blood cells, or erythrocytes
The process of diffusing oxygen from the blood, into the interstitial fluid and into the cells is….?
Internal respiration
A cavity within a bone or other tissue, especially one in the bones of the face or skull connecting with the nasal cavities……?
The Sinus
A cavity within a bone or other tissue, especially one in the bones of the face or skull connecting with the nasal cavities…?
windpipe, filters the air we breathe
Inside each of your lungs there are tubes called bronchi. These branch into even smaller tubes much like the branches of a tree. What are at the ends of these tubes?
alveoli
What is the dome-shaped layer of muscle that separates the region of the lungs?
The diaphragm
Where are lungs suspended in?
thoracic cavity
The intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage up and out. What process is happening here?
Inhalation
The intercostal muscles relax, allowing the rib cage to return to its normal position. What process is happening here?
Exhalation
What is the Vital capacity?
it’s the total volume of gas that can be moved into or out of the lungs. It can be calculated as tidal volume + inspiratory reserve ; volume + expiratory reserve volume.
What is the Residual volume?
the amount of gas that remains in the lungs and the
passageways of the respiratory system even after a full exhalation.
What is the Inspiratory reserve volume?
the additional volume of air that can be taken into the lungs, beyond a regular, or tidal, inhalation.
what is the Expiratory reserve volume?
the additional volume of air that can be forced out of the lungs, beyond a regular, or tidal, inhalation.
What does the lower respiratory tract contain?
the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli that make up the lungs.
What does the upper respiratory tract contain?
the nasal passages, pharynx, glottis, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea.
Each bronchiole ends in a cluster of tiny sacs called….?
alveoli
Each lung is surrounded by a thin, double-layered membrane is called the?
(pleural membrane) — the outer layer of this membrane attaches to the inside of the chest wall.
Another word for Windpipe?
trachea
What does a spirograph represent?
the amount of air that moves into and out of the lungs with each breath.
